Optical-electronic printed circuit board, parameter determination method, electronic device, and storage medium
Provided are a method for determining parameters of a waveguide core in an optical-electronic printed circuit board, an optical-electronic printed circuit board, an electronic device, and a storage medium. The method includes: determining, according to a refractive index of a material from which the waveguide core is made and a refractive index of a material from which a base layer is made, a critical angle of total reflection at an interface between the waveguide core and the base layer; and determining the parameters of the waveguide core according to a relative positional relationship between one end port of the waveguide core and the other end port of the waveguide core in the optical-electronic printed circuit board, a condition of a region through which the waveguide core passes, and the critical angle, so that steering of the waveguide core is achieved without introducing a curved surface to the waveguide core.
1 . A method for determining parameters of a waveguide core in an optical-electronic printed circuit board, wherein the waveguide core comprises a plurality of sidewalls which define a first waveguide segment and a second waveguide segment connected to the first waveguide segment;
the plurality of sidewalls comprise a first sidewall and a second sidewall disposed opposed to each other in the first waveguide segment, and the first sidewall is parallel to the second sidewall;
the plurality of sidewalls further comprise at least one third sidewall and at least one fourth sidewall in the second waveguide segment, the first sidewall is adjacent to and intersects one of the at least one third sidewall, the second sidewall is adjacent to and intersects one of the at least one fourth sidewall, the first sidewall and the at least one third sidewall are located on a same side, and the second sidewall and the at least one fourth sidewall are located on a same side, and
the method comprises:
determining, according to a refractive index of a material from which the waveguide core is made and a refractive index of a material from which a base layer is made, a critical angle of total reflection at an interface between the waveguide core and the base layer; and
determining the parameters of the waveguide core according to a relative positional relationship between one end port of the waveguide core and the other end port of the waveguide core in the optical-electronic printed circuit board, a condition of a region through which the waveguide core passes, and the critical angle, so that an incident angle of light transmitted through the first waveguide segment and impinging on any one of the at least one third sidewall of the waveguide core is not less than the critical angle, and an incident angle of light impinging on any one of the at least one fourth sidewall of the waveguide core is not less than the critical angle, wherein the parameters of the waveguide core comprise the number of the at least one third sidewalls, the number of the at least one fourth sidewalls, an angle of rotation of each fourth sidewall with respect to a previous sidewall connected thereto, and an angle of rotation of each third sidewall with respect to a previous sidewall connected thereto.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first sidewall is parallel to the second sidewall, and
wherein the at least one third sidewall and the at least one fourth sidewall satisfy:
0< A 1≤(90°−α); and
A 2≥ A 1;
where
A 1 is an angle of rotation of the fourth sidewall intersecting the second sidewall with respect to the second sidewall;
A 2 is an angle of rotation of the third sidewall intersecting the first sidewall with respect to the first sidewall;
and
α is a critical angle of total reflection of light at the interface between the waveguide core and the base layer.
3 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein the second waveguide segment comprises a plurality of third sidewalls and one fourth sidewall, and an angle of rotation of a latter one of any two adjacent third sidewalls with respect to the first sidewall is smaller than an angle of rotation of a former one of the third sidewalls with respect to the first sidewall.
4 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein the second waveguide segment comprises a plurality of fourth sidewalls, and
wherein the at least one third sidewall and the at least one fourth sidewall further satisfy:
A 1≤ A 3≤2 A 1,
where A 3 is an angle of rotation of other fourth sidewalls with respect to the second sidewall except the fourth sidewall intersecting the second sidewall.
5 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein the waveguide core comprises a plurality of waveguide segment groups, each consisting of one first waveguide segment and one second waveguide segment connected together, the plurality of sidewalls of the waveguide core further comprise a plurality of fifth sidewalls and a plurality of sixth sidewalls in one-to-one correspondence and disposed oppositely to define a plurality of third waveguide segments, the first waveguide segment of one of the plurality of waveguide segment groups is located at one end of the waveguide core, and one of the plurality of third waveguide segments is located at the other end of the waveguide core;
for a third waveguide segment in a middle part of the waveguide core: one end of the third waveguide segment is connected to a second waveguide segment of a waveguide segment group adjacent to the one end of the third waveguide segment, the other end of the third waveguide segment is connected to a first waveguide segment of another waveguide segment group adjacent to the other end of the third waveguide segment, two ends of the fifth sidewall are respectively connected to the corresponding third sidewall and first sidewall, two ends of the sixth sidewall are respectively connected to the corresponding fourth sidewall and second sidewall, the fifth sidewall is coplanar with the first sidewall connected to the fifth sidewall, and the sixth sidewall is coplanar with the fourth sidewall connected to the sixth sidewall; and
for the third waveguide segment at the other end of the waveguide core: one end of the third waveguide segment is connected to a second waveguide segment of a waveguide segment group adjacent to the one end of the third waveguide segment, one end of the fifth sidewall is connected to the corresponding third sidewall, one end of the sixth sidewall is connected to the corresponding fourth sidewall, and the sixth sidewall is coplanar with the fourth sidewall connected to the sixth sidewall.
6 . The method according to claim 5 , wherein the relative positional relationship between the one end port of the waveguide core and the other end port of the waveguide core in the optical-electronic printed circuit board comprises that: an angle exists between one end port of the waveguide core and the other end port of the waveguide core in the optical-electronic printed circuit board;
the parameters of the waveguide core further comprise an angle of rotation of the sixth sidewall in a latter one of two adjacent third waveguide segments with respect to the sixth sidewall in a former one of the third waveguide segments, and the angle of rotation satisfies:
0< a i <(90°−α); and
0< a 1 <(90°−α);
where i is a serial number of a third waveguide segment, i is a natural number, and 2≤i≤N, where N is a natural number greater than 2, and in a direction from the one end port of the waveguide core to the other end port of the waveguide core in the optical-electronic printed circuit board, the third waveguide segments, the first waveguide segments and the second waveguide segments are sequentially numbered, respectively;
a i is an angle of rotation of the sixth sidewall in an i th third waveguide segment in a first direction with respect to the sixth sidewall in an (i−1) th third waveguide segment; and
a i is an angle of rotation of the sixth sidewall in a 1 st third waveguide segment in the first direction with respect to the second sidewall in a 1 st first waveguide segment.
7 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein,
the waveguide core comprises a plurality of waveguide segment groups, each consisting of one first waveguide segment and one second waveguide segment connected together, the plurality of sidewalls of the waveguide core further comprise a plurality of fifth sidewalls and a plurality of sixth sidewalls in one-to-one correspondence and disposed oppositely to define K third waveguide segments, the first waveguide segment of one of the plurality of waveguide segment groups is located at one end port of the optical-electronic printed circuit board, one of the third waveguide segments is located at the other end port of the optical-electronic printed circuit board, and the first waveguide segment located at the one end port of the optical-electronic printed circuit board and the third waveguide segment located at the other end port of the optical-electronic printed circuit board are parallel to each other, and the relative positional relationship between the one end port of the waveguide core and the other end port of the waveguide core in the optical-electronic printed circuit board comprises that: a distance along a second direction exists between the one end port of the waveguide core and the other end port of the waveguide core in the optical-electronic printed circuit board, and the second direction is perpendicular to an extending direction of a 1 st first waveguide segment;
the fifth sidewalls are located on one side of a center line of the waveguide core, the sixth sidewalls are located on the other side of the center line of the waveguide core, the fifth sidewalls are coplanar with sidewalls connected to the fifth sidewalls, and the sixth sidewalls are coplanar with sidewalls connected to the sixth sidewalls;
for each of first M third waveguide segments: one end of the third waveguide segment is connected to a second waveguide segment of a waveguide segment group adjacent to the one end of the third waveguide segment, the other end of the third waveguide segment is connected to a first waveguide segment of another waveguide segment group adjacent to the other end of the third waveguide segment, and the first sidewall of the first waveguide segment and the third sidewall of the second waveguide segment are both located on a same side of the center line as the fifth sidewalls;
for each of (M+1) th to k th third waveguide segments: one end of the third waveguide segment is connected to a second waveguide segment of a waveguide segment group adjacent to the one end of the third waveguide segment, the other end of the third waveguide segment is connected to a first waveguide segment of another waveguide segment group adjacent to the other end of the third waveguide segment, and the first sidewall of the first waveguide segment and the third sidewall of the second waveguide segment are both located on a same side of the center line as the sixth sidewalls; and
the sixth sidewall in a latter one of two adjacent third waveguide segments is rotated at an angle of rotation with respect to the sixth sidewall in a former one of the two adjacent third waveguide segments, and the angle of rotation of the sixth sidewall in the latter one of the two adjacent third waveguide segments with respect to the sixth sidewall in the former one of the third waveguide segments satisfies:
0< c j <(90°−α),2≤ j≤M;
0< c l <(90°−α), M≤ 1< K ; and
0< c 1 <(90°−α);
where j and l are both serial numbers of third waveguide segments, and in a direction from the one end port of the waveguide core to the other end port of the waveguide core in the optical-electronic printed circuit board, the third waveguide segments, the first waveguide segments, and the second waveguide segments are sequentially numbered;
c j is an angle of rotation of the sixth sidewall in an j th third waveguide segment in a first direction with respect to the sixth sidewall in an (j−1) th third waveguide segment;
c l is an angle of rotation of the sixth sidewall in an l th third waveguide segment in a third direction with respect to a sidewall in a previous third waveguide segment adjacent to the l th third waveguide segment on a same side of the center line as the sixth sidewall in the l th third waveguide segment, where M<K, and M and K are both natural numbers, and one of the first direction and the third direction is clockwise, while the other one is counterclockwise; and
c 1 is an angle of rotation of the sixth sidewall in a 1 st third waveguide segment in the first direction with respect to the second sidewall in a 1 st first waveguide segment.
8 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the condition of the region through which the waveguide core passes is that at least one of a via hole, an electronic component or a wire exists in the region.
9 . An optical-electronic printed circuit board, comprising a waveguide layer, the waveguide layer comprising a base layer and at least one waveguide core in the base layer, wherein
the waveguide core comprises a plurality of sidewalls which define a first waveguide segment and a second waveguide segment connected to the first waveguide segment;
the plurality of sidewalls comprise a first sidewall and a second sidewall disposed opposed to each other in the first waveguide segment, and the first sidewall is parallel to the second sidewall;
the plurality of sidewalls further comprise at least one third sidewall and at least one fourth sidewall in the second waveguide segment, the first sidewall is adjacent to and intersects one of the at least one third sidewall, the second sidewall is adjacent to and intersects one of the at least one fourth sidewall, the first sidewall and the at least one third sidewall are located on a same side, and the second sidewall and the at least one fourth sidewall are located on a same side; and
parameters of the waveguide core are configured such that an incident angle of light transmitted through the first waveguide segment and impinging on any one of the at least one third sidewall of the waveguide core is not less than a critical angle of total reflection at an interface between the waveguide core and the base layer, and an incident angle of light impinging on any one of the at least one fourth sidewall of the waveguide core is not less than the critical angle, wherein the parameters of the waveguide core comprise the number of the third sidewalls, the number of the fourth sidewalls, an angle of rotation of each fourth sidewall with respect to a previous sidewall connected thereto, and an angle of rotation of each third sidewall with respect to a previous sidewall connected thereto.
10 . The optical-electronic printed circuit board according to claim 9 , wherein the first sidewall is parallel to the second sidewall, and
wherein the at least one third sidewall and the at least one fourth sidewall satisfy:
0< A 1≤(90°−α); and
A 2≥ A 1,
where
A 1 is an angle of rotation of the fourth sidewall intersecting the second sidewall with respect to the second sidewall;
A 2 is an angle of rotation of the third sidewall intersecting the first sidewall with respect to the first sidewall;
and
α is a critical angle of total reflection of light at the interface between the waveguide core and the base layer.
11 . The optical-electronic printed circuit board according to claim 10 , wherein the second waveguide segment comprises a plurality of third sidewalls and one fourth sidewall, and an angle of rotation of a latter one of any two adjacent third sidewalls with respect to the first sidewall is smaller than an angle of rotation of a former one of the third sidewalls with respect to the first sidewall.
12 . The optical-electronic printed circuit board according to claim 10 , wherein the second waveguide segment comprises a plurality of fourth sidewalls, and
wherein the at least one third sidewall and the at least one fourth sidewall further satisfy:
A1≤A3≤2A1,
where A 3 is an angle of rotation of other fourth sidewalls with respect to the second sidewall except the fourth sidewall intersecting the second sidewall.
13 . The optical-electronic printed circuit board according to claim 9 , wherein the waveguide core comprises a plurality of waveguide segment groups, each consisting of one first waveguide segment and one second waveguide segment connected together, the plurality of sidewalls of the waveguide core further comprise a plurality of fifth sidewalls and a plurality of sixth sidewalls in one-to-one correspondence and disposed oppositely to define a plurality of third waveguide segments, the first waveguide segment of one of the plurality of waveguide segment groups is located at one end of the waveguide core, and one of the plurality of third waveguide segments is located at the other end of the waveguide core;
for a third waveguide segment in a middle part of the waveguide core: one end of the third waveguide segment is connected to a second waveguide segment of a waveguide segment group adjacent to the one end of the third waveguide segment, the other end of the third waveguide segment is connected to a first waveguide segment of another waveguide segment group adjacent to the other end of the third waveguide segment, two ends of the fifth sidewall are respectively connected to the corresponding third sidewall and first sidewall, two ends of the sixth sidewall are respectively connected to the corresponding fourth sidewall and second sidewall, the fifth sidewall is coplanar with the first sidewall connected to the fifth sidewall, and the sixth sidewall is coplanar with the fourth sidewall connected to the sixth sidewall; and
for the third waveguide segment at the other end of the waveguide core: one end of the third waveguide segment is connected to a second waveguide segment of a waveguide segment group adjacent to the one end of the third waveguide segment, one end of the fifth sidewall is connected to the corresponding third sidewall, one end of the sixth sidewall is connected to the corresponding fourth sidewall, and the sixth sidewall is coplanar with the fourth sidewall connected to the sixth sidewall.
14 . The optical-electronic printed circuit board according to claim 13 , wherein an angle exists between the one end port of the waveguide core and the other end port of the waveguide core in the optical-electronic printed circuit board; and
the parameters of the waveguide core further comprise an angle of rotation of the sixth sidewall in a latter one of two adjacent third waveguide segments with respect to the sixth sidewall in a former one of the third waveguide segments, and the angle of rotation satisfies:
0< a i <(90°−α); and
0< a 1 <(90°−α);
where i is a serial number of a third waveguide segment, i is a natural number, and 2≤i≤N, where N is a natural number greater than 2, and in a direction from the one end port of the waveguide core to the other end port of the waveguide core in the optical-electronic printed circuit board, the third waveguide segments, the first waveguide segments, and the second waveguide segments are sequentially numbered;
where a i is an angle of rotation of the sixth sidewall in an i th third waveguide segment in a first direction with respect to the sixth sidewall in an (i−1) th third waveguide segment; and
a 1 is an angle of rotation of the sixth sidewall in a 1 st third waveguide segment in the first direction with respect to the second sidewall in a 1 st first waveguide segment.
15 . The optical-electronic printed circuit board according to claim 9 , wherein,
the waveguide core comprises a plurality of waveguide segment groups, each consisting of one first waveguide segment and one second waveguide segment connected together, the plurality of sidewalls of the waveguide core further comprise a plurality of fifth sidewalls and a plurality of sixth sidewalls in one-to-one correspondence and disposed oppositely to define K third waveguide segments, the first waveguide segment of one of the plurality of waveguide segment groups is located at one end port of the optical-electronic printed circuit board, one of the third waveguide segments is located at the other end port of the optical-electronic printed circuit board, and the first waveguide segment located at the one end port of the optical-electronic printed circuit board and the third waveguide segment located at the other end port of the optical-electronic printed circuit board are parallel to each other, and a distance along a second direction exists between the one end port of the waveguide core and the other end port of the waveguide core in the optical-electronic printed circuit board, and the second direction is perpendicular to an extending direction of a 1 st first waveguide segment;
the fifth sidewalls are located on one side of a center line of the waveguide core, the sixth sidewalls are located on the other side of the center line of the waveguide core, the fifth sidewalls are coplanar with sidewalls connected to the fifth sidewalls, and the sixth sidewalls are coplanar with sidewalls connected to the sixth sidewalls;
for each of first M third waveguide segments: one end of the third waveguide segment is connected to a second waveguide segment of a waveguide segment group adjacent to the one end of the third waveguide segment, the other end of the third waveguide segment is connected to a first waveguide segment of another waveguide segment group adjacent to the other end of the third waveguide segment, and the first sidewall of the first waveguide segment and the third sidewall of the second waveguide segment are both located on a same side of the center line as the fifth sidewalls;
for each of (M+1) th to k th third waveguide segments: one end of the third waveguide segment is connected to a second waveguide segment of a waveguide segment group adjacent to the one end of the third waveguide segment, the other end of the third waveguide segment is connected to a first waveguide segment of another waveguide segment group adjacent to the other end of the third waveguide segment, and the first sidewall of the first waveguide segment and the third sidewall of the second waveguide segment are both located on a same side of the center line as the sixth sidewalls; and
the sixth sidewall in a latter one of two adjacent third waveguide segments is rotated at an angle of rotation with respect to the sixth sidewall in a former one of the two adjacent third waveguide segments, and the angle of rotation of the sixth sidewall in the latter one of the two adjacent third waveguide segments with respect to the sixth sidewall in the former one of the third waveguide segments satisfies:
0< c j <(90°−α),1≤ j≤M;
0< c l <(90°−α), M≤ 1< K ; and
0< c 1 <(90°−α);
where j and l are both serial numbers of third waveguide segments, and in a direction from the one end port of the waveguide core to the other end port of the waveguide core in the optical-electronic printed circuit board, the third waveguide segments, the first waveguide segments, and the second waveguide segments are sequentially numbered;
c j is an angle of rotation of the sixth sidewall in an j th third waveguide segment in a first direction with respect to the sixth sidewall in an (j−1) th third waveguide segment;
c l is an angle of rotation of the sixth sidewall in an l th third waveguide segment in a third direction with respect to a sidewall in a previous third waveguide segment adjacent to the l th third waveguide segment on a same side of the center line as the sixth sidewall in the l th third waveguide segment, where M<K, and M and K are both natural numbers, and one of the first direction and the third direction is clockwise, while the other one is counterclockwise; and
c 1 is an angle of rotation of the sixth sidewall in a 1 st third waveguide segment in the first direction with respect to the second sidewall in a 1 st first waveguide segment.
16 . The optical-electronic printed circuit board according to claim 9 , wherein the optical-electronic printed circuit board comprises a plurality of waveguide cores.
17 . The optical-electronic printed circuit board according to claim 16 , wherein center lines of the plurality of waveguide cores are parallel to each other.
18 . The optical-electronic printed circuit board according to claim 9 , wherein the optical-electronic printed circuit board further comprises at least one of a via hole, an electronic component or a wire.
19 . An electronic device, wherein the electronic device comprises:
one or more processors;
a storage means having one or more programs stored thereon which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method according to claim 1 ; and
one or more I/O interfaces connected between the one or more processors and the storage means and configured to enable information interaction between the one or more processors and the storage means.
20 . A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon which, when executed by a processor, causes the method according to claim 1 to be implemented.