Compositions and methods for treating or preventing overweight or obesity with zinc-charged protein fragments
Compositions and methods for treating or preventing, for example, overweight or obesity are provided. Compositions provided comprise zinc-charged, protease digested serum or milk proteins. Compositions are administered in a therapeutically effective amount to treat or prevent, for example, overweight or obesity.
1. A method of treating obesity in a subject in need thereof comprising the step of administering to the subject a composition comprising an effective amount of a zinc-charged, protease-digested protein and an acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent, wherein the protein is zinc-charged by removing bound ions from the protein by contacting the protein with an effective amount of a chelating agent sufficient to remove the bound ions, followed by contacting the protein with a sufficient amount of zinc ion, wherein the protein is selected from the group consisting of α-2-HS-glycoprotein (AHSG), α-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), α-1-antitrypsin (AAT), albumin, transferrin and alpha fetoprotein, and wherein the zinc-charged, protease-digested protein induces apoptosis of an adipocyte.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject is a human and said effective amount of the zinc-charged, protease digested protein is at least 0.02 mg/kg of subject's body weight.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject is a human and said effective amount of the zinc-charged, protease digested protein is up to 4 mg/kg of subject's body weight.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject is a human and said effective amount of the zinc-charged, protease digested protein is between 0.02 mg/kg and about 4 mg/kg of subject's body weight.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject is a human and said effective amount of the zinc-charged, protease digested protein is between 1 mg per day and about 400 mg per day.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises two protease-digested, zinc-charged proteins selected from α-2-HS-glycoprotein, α-1-acid glycoprotein, α-1-antitrypsin, albumin, transferrin and α-fetoprotein.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises three protease-digested, zinc-charged proteins selected from α-2-HS-glycoprotein, α-1-acid glycoprotein, α-1-antitrypsin, albumin, transferrin and α-fetoprotein.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the protease-digested, zinc-charged protein is less than 10 kilodaltons.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the protease-digested, zinc-charged protein is less than 3 kilodaltons.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises protein fragments substantially of a size less than 10 kilodaltons.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises protein fragments substantially of a size less than 3 kilodaltons.
12. A method of reducing weight gain or inducing weight loss in a subject in need thereof comprising the step of administering to the subject a composition comprising an effective amount of a zinc-charged, protease-digested protein and an acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent, wherein the protein is zinc-charged by removing bound ions from the protein by contacting the protein with an effective amount of a chelating agent sufficient to remove the bound ions, followed by contacting the protein with a sufficient amount of zinc ion, wherein the protein is selected from the group consisting of α-2-HS-glycoprotein (AHSG), α-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), α-1-antitrypsin (AAT), albumin, transferrin and alpha fetoprotein, and wherein the zinc-charged, protease-digested protein induces apoptosis of an adipocyte.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein said subject is a human and said effective amount of the zinc-charged, protease digested protein is at least 0.02 mg/kg of subject's body weight.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein said subject is a human and said effective amount of the zinc-charged, protease digested protein is up to 4 mg/kg of subject's body weight.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein said subject is a human and said effective amount of the zinc-charged, protease digested protein is between 0.02 mg/kg and about 4 mg/kg of subject's body weight.
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein said subject is a human and said effective amount of the zinc-charged, protease digested protein is between 1 mg per day and about 400 mg per day.
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein the composition comprises two protease-digested, zinc-charged proteins selected from α-2-HS-glycoprotein, α-1-acid glycoprotein, α-1-antitrypsin, albumin, transferrin and α-fetoprotein.
18. The method of claim 12 , wherein the composition comprises three protease-digested, zinc-charged proteins selected from α-2-HS-glycoprotein, α-1-acid glycoprotein, α-1-antitrypsin, albumin, transferrin and α-fetoprotein.
19. The method of claim 12 , wherein the protease-digested, zinc-charged protein is less than 10 kilodaltons.
20. The method of claim 12 , wherein the protease-digested, zinc-charged protein is less than 3 kilodaltons.
21. The method of claim 12 , wherein the composition comprises protein fragments substantially of a size less than 10 kilodaltons.
22. The method of claim 12 , wherein the composition comprises protein fragments substantially of a size less than 3 kilodaltons.
23. A method of treating overweight in a subject in need thereof comprising the step of administering to the subject a composition comprising an effective amount of a zinc-charged, protease-digested protein and an acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent, wherein the protein is zinc-charged by removing bound ions from the protein by contacting the protein with an effective amount of a chelating agent sufficient to remove the bound ions, followed by contacting the protein with a sufficient amount of zinc ion, wherein the protein is selected from the group consisting of α-2-HS-glycoprotein (AHSG), α-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), α-1-antitrypsin (AAT), albumin, transferrin and alpha fetoprotein, and wherein the zinc-charged, protease-digested protein induces apoptosis of an adipocyte.
24. The method of claim 23 , wherein said subject is a human and said effective amount of the zinc-charged, protease digested protein is at least 0.02 mg/kg of subject's body weight.
25. The method of claim 23 , wherein said subject is a human and said effective amount of the zinc-charged, protease digested protein is up to 4 mg/kg of subject's body weight.
26. The method of claim 23 , wherein said subject is a human and said effective amount of the zinc-charged, protease digested protein is between 0.02 mg/kg and about 4 mg/kg of subject's body weight.
27. The method of claim 23 , wherein said subject is a human and said effective amount of the zinc-charged, protease digested protein is between 1 mg per day and about 400 mg per day.
28. The method of claim 23 , wherein the composition comprises two protease-digested, zinc-charged proteins selected from α-2-HS-glycoprotein, α-1-acid glycoprotein, α-1-antitrypsin, albumin, transferrin and α-fetoprotein.
29. The method of claim 23 , wherein the composition comprises three protease-digested, zinc-charged proteins selected from α-2HS-glycoprotein, α-1-acid glycoprotein, α-1-antitrypsin, albumin, transferrin and α-fetoprotein.
30. The method of claim 23 , wherein the protease-digested, zinc-charged protein is less than 10 kilodaltons.
31. The method of claim 23 , wherein the protease-digested, zinc-charged protein is less than 3 kilodaltons.
32. The method of claim 23 , wherein the composition comprises protein fragments substantially of a size less than 10 kilodaltons.
33. The method of claim 23 , wherein the composition comprises protein fragments substantially of a size less than 3 kilodaltons.