Diffusion barrier and adhesion layer for an interconnect structure
An interconnect structure is provided. The interconnect structure includes an interconnect opening formed within a dielectric material, a diffusion barrier on the dielectric material, where the diffusion barrier contains a compound from a thermal reaction between cobalt (Co) metal from at least a portion of a cobalt metal layer formed on the dielectric material and a dielectric reactant element from the dielectric material. The interconnect structure further includes a cobalt nitride adhesion layer in the interconnect opening, and a Cu metal fill in the interconnect opening, wherein the diffusion barrier and the cobalt nitride adhesion layer surround the Cu metal fill within the interconnect opening.
1. An interconnect structure, comprising:
an interconnect opening formed within a dielectric material;
a diffusion barrier in direct contact with the dielectric material, the diffusion barrier comprising a compound from a thermal reaction between cobalt (Co) metal from at least a portion of a cobalt metal layer formed on the dielectric material and a dielectric reactant element from the dielectric material, wherein the compound includes cobalt silicide, cobalt silicate, cobalt silicon oxynitride, cobalt oxide, cobalt nitride, or cobalt carbide, or a combination thereof;
a cobalt nitride adhesion layer in the interconnect opening; and
a copper (Cu) metal fill in the interconnect opening, wherein the diffusion barrier and the cobalt nitride adhesion layer surround the Cu metal fill within the interconnect opening.
2. The interconnect structure of claim 1 , wherein the dielectric reactant element is Si, O, N, C, or halogen, or a combination thereof.
3. The interconnect structure of claim 2 , wherein the dielectric material comprises SiO 2 , SiON, SiN, or a low-k material.
4. The interconnect structure of claim 1 , wherein the dielectric material comprises a SiCOH material and the dielectric reactant element comprises Si, O, or C, or a combination thereof.
5. The interconnect structure of claim 1 , further comprising a portion of the cobalt metal layer between the diffusion barrier and the cobalt nitride adhesion layer.
6. The interconnect structure of claim 1 , further comprising:
a Ru seed layer located between the cobalt nitride adhesion layer and the Cu metal fill.
7. The interconnect structure of claim 1 , wherein the interconnect opening comprises a trench, a via, or a dual damascene opening.
8. The interconnect structure of claim 1 , wherein the interconnect opening comprises a conductive interconnect structure at the bottom of the interconnect opening.
9. The interconnect structure of claim 8 , wherein the conductive interconnect structure is in direct contact with the Cu metal fill.
10. The interconnect structure of claim 8 , further comprising a portion of the cobalt metal layer located between and in direct contact with the conductive interconnect structure and the cobalt nitride adhesion layer.
11. The interconnect structure of claim 8 , wherein the cobalt nitride adhesion layer is located between and in direct contact with the conductive interconnect structure and the Cu metal fill.
12. The interconnect structure of claim 8 , wherein the cobalt nitride adhesion layer is located between and in direct contact with the conductive interconnect structure and a Ru seed layer, and wherein the Ru seed layer is located between the cobalt nitride adhesion layer and the Cu metal fill.
13. The interconnect structure of claim 8 , further comprising a Ru seed layer located between and in direct contact with the conductive interconnect structure and the Cu metal fill.