Hot workability of metal alloys via surface coating
A method of processing an alloy ingot or other alloy workpiece to reduce thermal cracking may generally comprise depositing a glass material onto at least a portion of a surface of a workpiece, and heating the glass material to form a surface coating on the workpiece that reduces heat loss from the workpiece. The present disclosure also is directed to an alloy workpieces processed according to methods described herein, and to articles of manufacture including or made from alloy workpieces made according to the methods.
1. A method comprising:
positioning a glass fiber fabric onto an alloy workpiece;
heating the glass fiber fabric to form an at least partially molten, adherent surface coating on at least a portion of the alloy workpiece; and
hot working the alloy workpiece.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
depositing a glass particle slurry onto the glass fiber fabric on the alloy workpiece;
wherein the glass fiber fabric and the glass particle slurry are heated to form the at least partially molten, adherent surface coating on at least a portion of the alloy workpiece.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
positioning a glass tape onto at least a portion of the glass fiber fabric on the alloy workpiece;
wherein the glass fiber fabric and the glass tape are heated to form the at least partially molten, adherent surface coating on at least a portion of the alloy workpiece.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
positioning a ceramic fiber fabric over the glass fiber fabric on the alloy workpiece; and
heating the glass fiber fabric and the ceramic fiber fabric to form the at least partially molten, adherent surface coating on at least a portion of the alloy workpiece.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein positioning the glass fiber fabric onto the alloy workpiece comprises wrapping the glass fiber fabric around a circumferential surface of a cylindrical alloy workpiece.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein positioning the glass fiber fabric onto the alloy workpiece comprises wrapping the glass fiber fabric around a circumferential surface of a cylindrical alloy workpiece and positioning the glass fiber fabric onto at least one end surface face of the cylindrical alloy workpiece.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glass fiber fabric is heated to a temperature of 1000° F. to 2200° F.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alloy workpiece is hot worked beginning at a temperature of 1500° F. to 2500° F.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, after the hot working, cooling the alloy workpiece to room temperature and at least partially removing the surface coating from the alloy workpiece.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein at least partially removing the surface coating from the alloy workpiece comprises at least one of shot blasting, grinding, peeling, or turning the alloy workpiece.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises an alloy selected from the group consisting of a nickel base alloy, a nickel base superalloy, an iron base alloy, a nickel-iron base alloy, a titanium base alloy, a titanium-nickel base alloy, and a cobalt base alloy.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises a nickel base superalloy.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises a nickel base superalloy and the glass fiber fabric comprises an E-glass fiber fabric.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises one of an ingot, a billet, a bar, a plate, a tube, and a sintered pre-form.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein hot working the alloy workpiece comprises forging or extruding the alloy workpiece.
16. A method comprising:
depositing a glass particle slurry onto an alloy workpiece comprising an ingot, a billet, a bar, a plate, a tube, or a sintered pre-form;
heating the deposited glass particle slurry to form an at least partially molten, adherent surface coating on at least a portion of the alloy workpiece; and
hot working the alloy workpiece.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein:
depositing the glass particle slurry comprises at least one of spraying, brushing, flow coating, and dipping.
18. The method of claim 16 , further comprising, before depositing the glass particle slurry, pre-heating the alloy workpiece.
19. The method of claim 16 , further comprising, after the hot working, cooling the alloy workpiece to room temperature and at least partially removing the surface coating from the alloy workpiece.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein at least partially removing the surface coating from the alloy workpiece comprises at least one of shot blasting, grinding, peeling, or turning the alloy workpiece.
21. The method of claim 16 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises a nickel base superalloy.
22. The method of claim, 16 , wherein hot working the alloy workpiece comprises forging or extruding the alloy workpiece.
23. A method comprising:
depositing a glass particle slurry onto an alloy workpiece;
heating the deposited glass particle slurry to form an at least partially molten, adherent surface coating on at least a portion of the alloy workpiece;
hot working the alloy workpiece;
cooling the hot worked alloy workpiece to room temperature; and
at least partially removing the surface coating from the alloy workpiece using at least one of shot blasting, grinding, peeling, and turning the alloy workpiece.
24. The method of claim 23 , wherein:
depositing the glass particle slurry comprises at least one of spraying, brushing, flow coating, and dipping.
25. The method of claim 23 , further comprising, before depositing the glass particle slurry, pre-heating the alloy workpiece.
26. The method of claim 23 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises a nickel base superalloy.
27. The method of claim 23 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises one of an ingot, a billet, a bar, a plate, a tube, and a sintered pre-form.
28. The method of claim 23 , wherein hot working the alloy workpiece comprises forging or extruding the alloy workpiece.
29. A method comprising:
depositing a glass particle slurry onto an alloy workpiece, wherein the alloy workpiece comprises a nickel base superalloy;
heating the deposited glass particle slurry to form an at least partially molten, adherent surface coating on at least a portion of the alloy workpiece; and
hot working the alloy workpiece.
30. The method of claim 29 , wherein:
depositing the glass particle slurry comprises at least one of spraying, brushing, flow coating, and dipping.
31. The method of claim 29 , further comprising, before depositing the glass particle slurry, pre-heating the alloy workpiece.
32. The method of claim 29 , further comprising, after the hot working:
cooling the alloy workpiece to room temperature; and
at least partially removing the surface coating from the alloy workpiece using at least one of shot blasting, grinding, peeling, or turning the alloy workpiece.
33. The method of claim 29 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises one of an ingot, a billet, a bar, a plate, a tube, and a sintered pre-form.
34. The method of claim 29 , wherein hot working the alloy workpiece comprises forging or extruding the alloy workpiece.
35. A method comprising:
depositing a glass particle slurry onto an alloy workpiece;
heating the deposited glass particle slurry to form an at least partially molten, adherent surface coating on at least a portion of the alloy workpiece; and
hot working the alloy workpiece, wherein hot working the alloy workpiece comprises forging or extruding the alloy workpiece.
36. The method of claim 35 , wherein:
depositing the glass particle slurry comprises at least one of spraying, brushing, flow coating, and dipping.
37. The method of claim 35 , further comprising, before depositing the glass particle slurry, pre-heating the alloy workpiece.
38. The method of claim 35 , further comprising, after the hot working:
cooling the alloy workpiece to room temperature; and
at least partially removing the surface coating from the alloy workpiece using at least one of shot blasting, grinding, peeling, or turning the alloy workpiece.
39. The method of claim 35 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises a nickel base superalloy.
40. The method of claim 35 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises one of an ingot, a billet, a bar, a plate, a tube, and a sintered pre-form.