Methods to produce polymer nanoparticles and formulations of active ingredients
The present invention provides a composition including a polymer nanoparticle and at least one agricultural active compound incorporated with the nanoparticle, wherein the nanoparticle are less than 100 nm in diameter, and the polymer includes a polyelectrolyte.
1. A composition comprising a polymer nanoparticle and at least one organic, neutral, non-ionic agricultural active compound associated with the polymer nanoparticle;
wherein:
the polymer nanoparticle is less than 100 nm in diameter and cross-linked;
the polymer nanoparticle comprises a collapsed, water-soluble polyelectrolyte having a molecular weight of at least about 100,000 Dalton; and
the at least one organic, neutral, non-ionic, agricultural active compound is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist insecticide.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist insecticide is selected from the group consisting of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, and combinations thereof.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer nanoparticle is less than 50 nm in diameter.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer nanoparticle comprises multiple collapsed, water-soluble polyelectrolyte molecules, each having a molecular weight of at least about 100,000 Dalton.
5. A dispersion comprising the composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one organic, neutral, non-ionic agricultural active compound is dispersed at a concentration higher than its solubility in the absence of the polymer nanoparticle.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the collapsed, water-soluble polyelectrolyte is poly(acrylic acid), poly(methacrylic acid), poly(styrene sulfonate), chitosan, poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride), poly(allylamine hydrochloride), copolymers or graft polymers thereof, or combinations thereof.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the at least one organic, neutral, non-ionic agricultural active compound is in the interior of the polymer nanoparticle.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the at least one organic, neutral, non-ionic agricultural active compound is on the surface of the polymer nanoparticle.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one organic, neutral, non-ionic agricultural active compound remains associated with the polymer nanoparticle after being exposed to a solvent.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is an extended or sustained release composition.
11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is a triggered release composition.
12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer nanoparticle has a cavity.
13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer nanoparticle has a network structure.
14. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one organic, neutral, non-ionic agricultural active compound associated with the polymer nanoparticle has different mobility in soil than it has when not associated with the polymer nanoparticle.
15. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the collapsed, water-soluble polyelectrolyte has a molecular weight of at least about 250,000 Daltons.