Granted Patent B2

US 9,837,182 · App. 15/205,118 · Granted Dec 5, 2017

Inventors: Michel W. Barsoum (Moorestown, NJ); Yury Gogotsi (Warminster, PA); Michael Naguib Abdelmalak (Knoxville, TN); Olha Mashtalir (Philadelphia, PA)

Assignee: Drexel University

H01B1/20B32B18/00C01B21/06C01B21/062C01B21/0602C01B21/0615C01B21/0617C01B21/076C01B21/0828C01B31/30C01B31/303C01B31/305C01B31/34C01C3/08C07C233/03C07C275/00C07C317/04C08K3/14C08K3/28H01G11/04H01G11/32H01M4/0492H01M4/366H01M4/38H01M4/58H01M4/583H01M4/587H01M4/62H01M10/052H01M10/054H01M10/0525B32B2250/02B32B2307/202B32B2457/10B82Y30/00B82Y40/00C01P2002/01C01P2002/08C01P2002/20C01P2002/72C01P2002/77C01P2002/78C01P2002/82C01P2002/85C01P2002/88C01P2004/03C01P2004/04C01P2004/133C01P2004/136C01P2004/24C01P2004/61C01P2006/12C01P2006/40H01M2004/021Y10S977/755Y10S977/896

Abstract

Claims (21)

1. A method of transferring urea from an aqueous solution to a MXene composition, the method comprising contacting an aqueous solution comprising urea with the MXene composition for a time sufficient to form an intercalated MXene composition comprising urea; wherein

the MXene composition comprises a stacked assembly of at least two layers, each layer having first and second surfaces, each layer comprising:

a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells,

each crystal cell having the empirical formula of M n+1 X n , such that each X is positioned within an octahedral array of M;

wherein M is at least one Group IIIB, IVB, VB, or VIB metal;

each X is C, N, or a combination thereof; and

n=1, 2, or 3; and wherein

the layers are characterized as having an average surface area; and

at least one of said surfaces of each layer has bound thereto surface terminations comprising alkoxide, carboxylate, halide, hydroxide, hydride, oxide, sub-oxide, nitride, sub-nitride, sulfide, thiol, or a combination thereof.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein both surfaces of each layer of the MXene composition has surface terminations comprising alkoxide, carboxylate, halide, hydroxide, hydride, oxide, sub-oxide, nitride, sub-nitride, sulfide, thiol, or a combination thereof.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein M is at least one Group IVB, Group VB, or Group VIB metal.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein M is Ti, and n is 1 or 2.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein M n+1 X n comprises Sc 2 C, Sc 2 N, Ti 2 C, Ti 2 N, V 2 C, V 2 N, Cr 2 C, Cr 2 N, Zr 2 C, Zr 2 N, Nb 2 C, Nb 2 N, Hf 2 C, Hf 2 N, Ti 3 C 2 , Ti 3 N 2 , V 3 C 2 , Ta 3 C 2 , TaN 2 , Ti 4 C 3 , Ti 4 N 3 , V 4 C 3 , V 4 N 3 , Ta 4 C 3 , Ta 4 N 3 , or a combination thereof.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein M n+1 X n comprises Ti 2 C, Ti 2 N, Ti 3 C 2 , Ti 3 N 2 , Ti 4 C 3 , Ti 4 N 3 , Ta 3 C 2 , Ta 3 N 2 , Ta 4 C 3 , or Ta 4 N 3 , or a combination thereof.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein M n+1 X n comprises Ti 3 C 2 , TiNbC, Nb 2 C, Ti 3 CN, Ti 2 C, Ta 4 C 3 , or (V 1/2 Cr 1/2 ) 3 C 2 .

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein M n+1 X n is Ti 3 C 2 , TiNbC, Ti 3 CN, or Ti 2 C.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein M n+1 X n is Ti 2 C or Ti 3 C 2 .

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein at least one of the surfaces of each layer has surface terminations comprising hydroxide, oxide, sub-oxide, or a combination thereof.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein M is Ta, and n is 2 or 3.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the number of layers is in the range of 2 to about 50.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the average surface area of the layers is in the range of from about 100 nm 2 to about 10,000 nm 2 or from about 100 μm 2 to about 10,000 μm 2 .

Assignments (2)

Continuity (8)