Synthetic gypsum fertilizer product and method of making
Embodiments of the invention are directed to pelletized synthetic gypsum and methods and systems for producing pelletized synthetic gypsum. Synthetic gypsum is combined with a binder composition and pelletized to a desired size. The binder composition may include lignosulfonate. Additives may be included in the pellets such as various plant nutrients and micro-nutrients. An additive may include elemental sulfur. The resulting pellets may have a mean pellet size guide number (SGN) from approximately 150 to approximately 300 and a crush strength from approximately 2 lbf to approximately 12 lbf.
1. A method of producing a fertilizer comprising:
feeding synthetic gypsum to a drying device;
drying the synthetic gypsum at a temperature below 262° F., wherein the synthetic gypsum is dried to less than 2% moisture;
calcining the dried synthetic gypsum to convert the synthetic gypsum into either alpha-hemihydrate or beta-hemihydrate;
feeding the calcined synthetic gypsum to a mixing device;
feeding a binder composition to the mixing device;
mixing the calcined synthetic gypsum and binder composition to form a mixture;
feeding the mixture to a forming device, wherein the forming device comprises an extruder; and
forming the mixture into pellets having a mean pellet size guide number (SGN) from approximately 150 to approximately 300, wherein the resulting pelletized synthetic pellets have a crush strength from approximately 2 lbf to approximately 12 lbf.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein calcining the dried synthetic gypsum further comprises:
injecting the dried synthetic gypsum into a pressurized reactor maintained at a pressure between 14.7 psia and 55.3 psia;
maintaining a temperature of the pressurized reactor between 250° F. and 350° F. to induce disassociation of water molecules of the dried synthetic gypsum; and
converting the dried synthetic gypsum into alpha-hemihydrate.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein calcining the dried synthetic gypsum further comprises:
injecting the dried synthetic gypsum into a vacuum or non-pressurized reactor maintained at an atmospheric pressure;
maintaining a temperature of the vacuum or non-pressurized reactor at about 200° F. to induce disassociation of water molecules of the dried synthetic gypsum; and
converting the dried synthetic gypsum into beta-hemihydrate.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the binder composition comprises a water soluble binder.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the binder composition comprises a lignosulfonate.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the binder composition comprises starch or a starch derivative.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the binder composition is selected from the group consisting of brewers condensed solubles, sodium carbonate lignin, cane molasses, beet syrup, beet molasses, desugared beet molasses, whey, soy solubles with cane molasses, hydrolyzed collagen, amino acid solutions, cellulose derivatives, and cellulose based polymer binders.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising feeding an additive to the forming device, wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of ground calcium carbonate, calcium bentonite, kaolin clays, manganese, zinc, boron, calcium, copper, and elemental sulfur.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the additive comprises elemental sulfur.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mean SGN is from approximately 250 to approximately 280.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming device comprises a pelletizer.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming device comprises a granulator.