Power converter with hysteretic buck-boost architecture and method therefor
In one form, an apparatus comprises a buck-boost converter circuit, a ripple emulator circuit, a ripple based controller circuit, and a switch control circuit. The buck-boost converter circuit includes a plurality of switches to be coupled to an inductor, and is configured to generate a regulated output voltage responsive to an input voltage. The ripple emulator circuit is configured to emulate inductor current ripple for a buck phase and a boost phase of the buck-boost converter to provide an emulated inductor current ripple. The ripple based controller circuit is configured to generate a hysteretic control signal responsive to the emulated inductor current ripple and the output voltage. The switch control circuit is configured to generate control signals for driving the plurality of switches responsive to the hysteretic control signal and a clock signal.
1. An apparatus, comprising:
a buck-boost converter circuit including a plurality of switches to be coupled to an inductor, the buck-boost converter circuit configured to generate a regulated output voltage responsive to an input voltage;
a ripple emulator circuit configured to emulate inductor current ripple for a buck phase and a boost phase of the buck-boost converter circuit to provide an emulated inductor current ripple, wherein the ripple emulator circuit comprises a buck ripple emulator circuit comprising a first series RC circuit having an input for receiving a first signal in phase with current through the inductor and an output, and boost ripple emulator circuit comprising a second series RC circuit having an input for receiving a second signal in phase with the current through the inductor and an output coupled to the output of the buck ripple emulator circuit for providing the emulated inductor current ripple;
a ripple based controller circuit configured to generate a hysteretic control signal responsive to the emulated inductor current ripple and the regulated output voltage; and
a switch control circuit configured to generate control signals for driving the plurality of switches responsive to the hysteretic control signal and a clock signal.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the buck ripple emulator circuit and the boost ripple emulator circuit are configured to simultaneously operate regardless of whether the buck-boost converter circuit is in the buck phase or the boost phase.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the buck ripple emulator circuit is configured to emulate the inductor current ripple for the buck phase responsive to an input voltage of the inductor.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the boost emulator ripple circuit is configured to emulate the inductor current ripple for the boost phase responsive to a phase control signal of a low side boost phase switch of the plurality of switches.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the buck ripple emulator circuit and the boost ripple emulator circuit is driven by a corresponding signal in phase with a derivative of a current through the inductor.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the emulated inductor current ripple for the buck and boost phases is independent of parasitics related to an output capacitance of the buck-boost converter circuit.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ripple based controller circuit is configured to generate the hysteretic control signal with a stable frequency.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the emulated inductor current ripple is in phase with current flowing in the inductor.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ripple based controller circuit comprises:
a charge amplifier configured to generate an error voltage based on comparing a reference voltage with a combination of the emulated inductor current ripple and the regulated output voltage; and
a hysteretic comparator configured to generate the hysteretic control signal based on the error voltage.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the clock signal is asynchronous to the hysteretic control signal.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the buck-boost converter circuit is configured to operate in the buck phase responsive to the clock signal being high and to operate in the boost phase responsive to the clock signal being low.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ripple based controller circuit is configured to control a duty cycle of the hysteretic control signal and a phase of the hysteretic control signal relative to the clock signal to maintain the regulated output voltage near a reference voltage for varying load current requirements.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of switches comprises high side and low side boost phase switches and high side and low side buck phase switches.
14. A DC-DC converter, comprising:
a buck-boost converter circuit having an inductor to generate a regulated output voltage responsive to an input voltage;
a ripple emulator circuit configured to emulate inductor current ripple for a buck phase and a boost phase of the buck-boost converter circuit to provide an emulated inductor current ripple, wherein the ripple emulator circuit comprises a buck ripple emulator circuit comprising a first series RC circuit having an input for receiving a first signal in phase with current through the inductor and an output, and boost ripple emulator circuit having an input for receiving a second signal in phase with the current through the inductor and an output coupled to the output of the buck ripple emulator circuit for providing the emulated inductor current ripple;
a ripple based controller circuit configured to generate a hysteretic control signal responsive to the emulated inductor current ripple and the regulated output voltage; and
a control logic circuit configured to generate control signals for driving the plurality of switches responsive to the hysteretic control signal and a clock signal for selectively driving the plurality of switches in the buck phase and in the boost phase.
15. The DC-DC converter of claim 14 , wherein:
the buck ripple emulator circuit is responsive to an input voltage of an inductor of the buck-boost converter circuit; and
the boost ripple emulator circuit is responsive to a phase control signal of a low side boost phase switch of the plurality of switches.
16. The DC-DC converter of claim 15 , wherein each of the buck ripple emulator circuit and the boost ripple emulator circuit is driven by a corresponding signal in phase with a derivative of a current through the inductor.
17. The DC-DC converter of claim 14 , wherein the ripple based controller circuit comprises:
a charge amplifier configured to generate an error voltage based on comparing a reference voltage with a combination of the emulated inductor current ripple and the regulated output voltage; and
a hysteretic comparator configured to generate the hysteretic control signal based on the error voltage.
18. The DC-DC converter of claim 17 , wherein the ripple based controller circuit combines the emulated inductor current ripple and the regulated output voltage by summing the emulated inductor current ripple with a divided regulated output voltage at an input of an operational amplifier.
19. A method comprising:
generating a regulated output voltage responsive to an input voltage using a buck-boost converter circuit having an inductor and a buck phase and a boost phase;
emulating inductor current ripple for the buck phase and the boost phase to provide an emulated inductor current ripple, wherein said emulating comprises:
emulating a buck ripple with a first series RC circuit having an input for receiving a first signal in phase with current through the inductor and an output, and
emulating a boost ripple with a second series RC circuit having an input for receiving a second signal in phase with the current through the inductor and an output coupled to the output of the first series RC circuit for providing the emulated inductor current ripple;
generating a hysteretic control signal responsive to the emulated inductor current ripple and the regulated output voltage; and
generating control signals responsive to the hysteretic control signal and a clock signal that selectively drive the buck-boost converter circuit for the buck phase and the boost phase.
20. The method of claim 19 further comprising:
simultaneously operating the first series RC circuit and the second series RC circuit regardless of whether the buck-boost converter circuit is in the buck phase or the boost phase.