Systems and methods for suppressing sound leakage
A speaker comprises a housing, a transducer residing inside the housing, and at least one sound guiding hole located on the housing. The transducer generates vibrations. The vibrations produce a sound wave inside the housing and cause a leaked sound wave spreading outside the housing from a portion of the housing. The at least one sound guiding hole guides the sound wave inside the housing through the at least one sound guiding hole to an outside of the housing. The guided sound wave interferes with the leaked sound wave in a target region. The interference at a specific frequency relates to a distance between the at least one sound guiding hole and the portion of the housing.
1. A speaker, comprising:
a housing;
one or more acoustic drivers residing inside the housing and configured to generate vibrations, the vibrations producing a sound wave inside the housing and causing a leaked sound wave spreading outside the housing from a portion of the housing;
a plurality of sound guiding holes located on the housing and configured to guide the sound wave inside the housing through at least one of the plurality of sound guiding holes to an outside of the housing, the guided sound wave having a phase different from a phase of the leaked sound wave, the guided sound wave interfering with the leaked sound wave in a target region, and the interference reducing a sound pressure level of the leaked sound wave in the target region, wherein
at least one of the one or more acoustic drivers configured to generate a sound and output the sound through at least two of the plurality of sound guiding holes; and
the housing includes a supporting structure, the supporting structure being configured to support the at least one acoustic driver and disposing the at least two sound guiding holes on two sides of an auricle of a user, respectively.
2. The speaker of claim 1 , wherein
the at least one acoustic driver comprises a vibration diaphragm,
a front chamber configured to radiate the sound is disposed on the supporting structure in front of the vibration diaphragm,
a rear chamber configured to radiate the sound is disposed on the supporting structure behind the vibration diaphragm,
the front chamber is acoustically coupled with a first sound guiding hole of the at sound guiding holes, and
the rear chamber is acoustically coupled with a second sound guiding hole of the at least two sound guiding holes.
3. The speaker of claim 1 , wherein the at least two sound guiding holes output the sound with a phase difference.
4. The speaker of claim 3 , wherein the at least two sound guiding holes output the sound with opposite phases.
5. The speaker of claim 1 , wherein a distance d between the at least two sound guiding holes is between 1 cm and 12 cm.
6. The speaker of claim 1 , wherein
the at least two sound guiding holes include two sound guiding holes, the two sound guiding including a first sound guiding hole disposed on a front side of the auricle of the user, and a second sound guiding hole disposed on a rear side of the auricle of the user, and
an acoustic route between an ear of the user and the first sound guiding hole disposed on the front side of the auricle of the user is shorter than an acoustic route between the ear of the user and the second sound guiding hole disposed on the rear side of the auricle of the user.
7. The speaker of claim 1 , wherein
the at least two sound guiding holes include two sound guiding holes, the two sound guiding holes being disposed on a front side and a rear side of an auricle of the user, respectively, and
a ratio of a distance between a sound guiding hole disposed on the front side of the auricle of the user and the auricle to a distance between the two sound guiding holes is not greater than 0.5.
8. The speaker of claim 1 , wherein
the at least one acoustic driver comprises a vibration diaphragm, and
acoustic routes between the vibration diaphragm and the at least two sound guiding holes are different.
9. The speaker of claim 8 , wherein a ratio of the acoustic routes between the vibration diaphragm and the at least two sound guiding holes is 0.5-2.
10. The speaker of claim 8 , wherein sounds generated by the at least one acoustic driver through the at least two sound guiding holes have different sound pressure amplitudes.
11. The speaker of claim 8 , wherein structures between the at least two sound guiding holes and the at least one acoustic driver have different acoustic impedance.
12. The speaker of claim 1 , further comprising:
at least one second acoustic driver configured to output sound through at least two second sound guiding holes of the plurality of sound guiding holes, and the at least two second sound guiding holes being disposed on a same side of the auricle of the user.
13. The speaker of claim 12 , wherein the at least two second sound guiding holes are disposed on a front side of the auricle of the user.
14. The speaker of claim 12 , further comprising:
a controller configured to cause the at least one acoustic driver to output a sound within a first frequency range, and cause the at least one second acoustic driver to output a sound within a second frequency range, a frequency within the second frequency range being higher than that within the first frequency range.
15. The speaker of claim 14 , wherein a distance between the at least two second sound guiding holes is less than a distance between the at least two sound guiding holes.
16. The speaker of claim 12 , wherein the at least two second sound guiding holes output sounds with a phase difference.
17. The speaker of claim 1 , further comprising a baffle disposed between the at least two sound guiding holes.
18. The speaker of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sound guiding hole includes a damping layer, the damping layer being configured to adjust the phase of the guided sound wave in the target region.
19. The speaker of claim 1 , wherein the guided sound wave includes at least two sound waves having different phases.
20. The speaker of claim 1 , wherein:
the housing includes a bottom or a sidewall; and
the at least one sound guiding hole is located on the bottom or the sidewall of the housing.