Method of forming a laminated single layer composite membrane
The present disclosure relates to a composite membrane formed by lamination of two or more separate porous polymeric layers, as well as to a method and system for lamination. Advantageously, the resulting composite is a single layer, being difficult to separate into its component layers, yet effectively maintains the filtering capabilities of the component layers when not laminated.
1. A composite membrane comprising:
a first porous polymeric layer having a first bubble point; and
a second porous polymeric layer having a second bubble point and laminated with the first porous polymeric layer,
wherein the composite membrane is free of an adhesive, the first bubble point is greater than the second bubble point, and the composite membrane has a bubble point that is greater than or equal to 90% of the first bubble point of the first porous polymeric layer.
2. The composite membrane of claim 1 , wherein the first porous polymeric layer has a thickness of less than 20 μm.
3. The composite membrane of claim 2 , wherein the first porous polymeric layer is a stretched polyethylene layer.
4. The composite membrane of claim 1 , wherein the second porous polymeric layer is a polyolefin layer having a thickness of from about 50 μm to about 200 μm.
5. The composite membrane of claim 4 , wherein the polyolefin layer is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) layer.
6. The composite membrane of claim 1 , wherein the composite membrane has a flow rate that is greater than or equal to 90% of a flow rate of a non-laminated composite of the first porous polymeric layer and the second porous polymeric layer.
7. The composite membrane of claim 1 , wherein the composite membrane has a flow time increase that is less than or equal to 20% of a flow time of a non-laminated composite of the first porous polymeric layer and the second porous polymeric layer.
8. A composite membrane, comprising:
a first region comprising a first porous polymer and having a thickness of less than about 20 μm; and
a second region comprising a second porous polymer and having a thickness of from about 50 μm to about 200 μm,
wherein the second porous polymer is different from the first porous polymer,
wherein there is no interlayer region between the first region and the second region, and
wherein the composite membrane has a flow rate that is greater than or equal to 90% of a flow rate of a non-laminated composite of the first porous polymer and the second porous polymer.
9. The composite membrane of claim 8 , wherein the first region, the second region, or both the first region and the second region comprise a porous compression region.
10. The composite membrane of claim 8 , wherein the first porous polymer is a stretched polyethylene.
11. The composite membrane of claim 8 , wherein the second porous polymer is a polyolefin.
12. A method of forming a composite membrane comprising:
i) providing a first porous polymeric layer and a second porous polymeric layer in a laminator;
ii) heating the first porous polymeric layer and the second porous polymeric layer to a lamination temperature in the laminator; and
iii) laminating the heated first porous polymeric layer and the heated second porous polymeric layer together without an adhesive to form the composite membrane,
wherein the composite membrane has a flow time increase that is less than or equal to 20% of a flow time of a non-laminated composite of the first porous polymeric layer and the second porous polymeric layer.
13. The method of claim 12 , further comprising compressing the composite membrane during or after laminating.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the first porous polymeric layer is an ultra-thin porous polymeric layer having a thickness of less than 20 μm.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the second porous polymeric layer is a polyolefin layer having a thickness of from about 50 μm to about 200 μm.
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the first porous polymeric layer has a first melting temperature and wherein the first porous polymeric layer is heated to a temperature that is between 5° C. and 20° C. below the first melting temperature.
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein the second porous polymeric layer has a second melting temperature, and wherein the second porous polymeric layer is heated to a temperature that is between 5° C. and 20° C. below the second melting temperature.
18. A filter comprising the composite membrane of claim 1 .
19. A filter comprising the composite membrane made by the method of claim 12 .