Acidic bath for electrolytically depositing a copper deposit containing halogenated or pseudohalogenated monomeric phenazinium compounds
View Patent ↗For manufacturing particularly uniform and mirror bright copper coatings that are leveled and ductile as well using a relatively high current density, halogenated or pseudohalogenated monomeric pheanzinium compounds or a purity at least 85 mole-% and having the general chemical formula (I) are utilized in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 7′ , R 7″ , R 8 , R 9 , X and A have the significations denoted in the claims. The compounds are prepared by diazotizing a suited starting compound prior to halogenating or pseudohalogenating it in the presence of mineral acid, diazotization means and halide or pseudohalide, with the reaction steps being run in one single vessel.
1. Pseudohalogenated monomeric phenazinium compounds of a purity of at least 85 mole-% having the following chemical formula I:
wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , R 6 , R 7′ , R 7 ″, R 8 and R 9 are selected independently of each other from a group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, amino, aminoalkyl, hydroxy, cyano, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, cyanate, isocyanate, lower alkyl, unsubstituted aryl, and substituted aryl wherein the substituents are selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, wherein amino is NH 2 , NHR or NR′R″, wherein R, R′ and R″ are lower alkyl, cyano, thiocyanate and mercapto, R 5 is selected from a group consisting of lower alkyl, unsubstituted aryl and substituted aryl wherein the substituents are selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, wherein amino is NH 2 , NHR or NR′R″, wherein R, R′ and R″ are lower alkyl, cyano, thiocyanate and mercapto,
X is a pseudohalogen and A − is an acid anion selected from the group consisting of sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, halide, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, nitrate, acetate, trifluoroacetate and methanesulfonate.
2. The phenazinium compounds according to claim 1 , characterized in that R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , R 6 , R 7′ , R 7″ , R 8 and R 9 are selected independently of each other from a group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl.
3. The phenazinium compounds according to claim 2 , characterized in that lower alkyl is methyl or ethyl.
4. The phenazinium compounds according to claim 1 , characterized in that R 5 is aryl.
5. The phenazinium compounds according to claim 4 , characterized in that aryl is phenyl.
6. The phenazinium compounds according to claim 1 , characterized in that X is thiocyanate.
7. The phenazinium compounds according to claim 1 , characterized in that they are selected from a group consisting of 7-amino-2,8-dimethyl-3-thiocyanato-5-phenyl-phenazinium salt.
8. The phenazinium compounds according to claim 7 , characterized in that the salt is selected from a group consisting of hydrogen sulfate and tetrafluoroborate.
9. The phenazinium compounds according to claim 7 , characterized in that they are selected from a group consisting of 7-amino-2,8-dimethyl-3-thiocyanato-5-phenyl-phenaziniumtetraffluoroborate.
10. The phenazinium compounds according to claim 2 , characterized in that R 5 is aryl.
11. The phenazinium compounds according to claim 3 , characterized in that R 5 is aryl.
12. The phenazinium compounds according to claim 5 , characterized in that X is thiocyanate.