Centrifugal water pump
View Patent ↗A pump includes a housing defining an internal chamber having an axial inlet passage, a generally radial passage with an outlet to a volute. A rotatable impeller, disposed within the chamber, has a conical rear shroud sloping away from the axial inlet to define a rear recess. A shaft seal is disposed within the recess to minimize the axial length of the pump. A front surface of the shroud carries vanes operable to impel fluid from the axial inlet passage to the volute. Portions of the vanes extend forward into the axial inlet passage to induce coolant pre-rotation in the inlet passage and to improve pump efficiency. Pump efficiency may be further increased by a conical wall defining the axial inlet passage, a sloped wall defining the radial passage and a large radius between the axial inlet and the sloped wall to smooth fluid flow between the axial inlet passage and the volute.
1. A centrifugal coolant pump comprising:
a housing defining an internal chamber having an axial inlet passage connecting with a generally radial passage having an outlet to a volute;
a bearing supported shaft rotatable on an axis and carried in the housing, the shaft extending from the chamber to a drive member at an opposite end of the housing; and
an impeller disposed in the chamber and carried on the shaft;
the impeller having a conical rear shroud sloping away from the inlet relative to a plane perpendicular to the shaft axis, the shroud carrying a plurality of generally radial vanes operable to impel fluid from the axial inlet to the volute, wherein the vanes include long vanes extending forward into the axial inlet passage to induce coolant pre-rotation in the inlet passage.
2. A pump as in claim 1 including a shaft seal axially adjacent the shroud and sealingly engaging the shaft.
3. A pump as in claim 2 wherein the shaft seal is received within a recessed rear portion of the conical shroud.
4. A pump as in claim 1 wherein the radial passage is defined by a sloped front wall opposite the shroud and sloping rearward to the outlet.
5. A pump as in claim 4 wherein the inlet passage is defined as an axially extending conical wall of increasing diameter from an inlet opening to a radius joining with the conical front wall.
6. A pump as in claim 5 wherein the radius is sufficiently large to avoid coolant flow separation at high speeds and flows to inhibit cavitation.
7. A pump as in claim 6 wherein the long vanes also extend outward to the outlet.
8. A pump as in claim 6 including additional short vanes extending generally radially outward from the inlet to the outlet.
9. A pump as in claim 1 wherein the vanes are curved opposite the direction of impeller rotation to maximize flow efficiency.
10. A centrifugal coolant pump comprising:
a housing defining an internal chamber having an axial inlet passage connecting with a generally radial passage having an outlet to a volute;
a bearing supported shaft rotatable on an axis and carried in the housing, the shaft extending from the chamber to a drive member at an opposite end of the housing; and
an impeller disposed in the chamber and carried on the shaft, the impeller having a conical rear shroud sloping away from the inlet relative to a plane perpendicular to the shaft axis, the shroud carrying a plurality of first vanes that extend generally radially, the first vanes operable to impel fluid from the axial inlet to the volute, wherein an at least one vane extends forward into the axial inlet passage to induce coolant pre-rotation in the inlet passage.
11. A pump as in claim 10 including a shaft seal axially adjacent the shroud and sealingly engaging the shaft.
12. A pump as in claim 11 wherein the shaft seal is received within a recessed rear portion of the conical shroud.
13. A pump as in claim 10 wherein the radial passage is defined by a sloped front wall opposite the shroud and sloping rearward to the outlet.
14. A pump as in claim 13 wherein the inlet passage is defined as an axially extending conical wall of increasing diameter from an inlet opening to a radius joining with the conical front wall.
15. A pump as in claim 14 wherein the radius is sufficiently large to avoid coolant flow separation at high speeds and flows to inhibit cavitation.
16. A pump as in claim 10 wherein the first vanes extend generally radially outward from the inlet to the outlet.
17. A pump as in claim 16 wherein the plurality of vanes include second vanes that extend generally radially outward to the outlet.
18. A pump as in claim 17 wherein the second vanes have a radial length less than a radial length of the first vanes.