Interconnect structure including a modified photoresist as a permanent interconnect dielectric and method of fabricating same
View Patent ↗A photoresist conversion that changes a patterned photoresist into a permanent patterned interconnect dielectric is described. The photoresist conversion process includes adding a dielectric enabling element into a patterned photoresist. The dielectric enabling element-containing photoresist is converted into a permanent patterned dielectric material by performing a curing step. In one embodiment, a method is described that includes providing at least one photoresist to an upper surface of a substrate. At least one interconnect pattern is formed into the at least one photoresist. A dielectric enabling element is added to the patterned photoresist and thereafter the patterned photoresist including the dielectric enabling element is cured into a cured permanent patterned dielectric material. The cured permanent patterned dielectric material includes the dielectric enabling therein.
1. A method of forming a semiconductor structure comprising:
providing at least one photoresist to an upper surface of a substrate;
forming at least one interconnect pattern into the at least one photoresist providing a patterned photoresist;
adding at least one dielectric enabling element into the patterned photoresist; and
curing the patterned photoresist containing the at least one dielectric enabling element into a cured permanent patterned dielectric material.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the at least one photoresist includes a positive-tone photoresist, a negative-tone photoresist, an imageable inter-level dielectric or any combination thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said substrate includes an antireflective coating and said at least one photoresist is formed on an upper surface of the antireflective coating.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein said forming at least one interconnect pattern includes G-line exposure, I-line exposure, DUV exposure, EUV exposure, direct write patterning, imprint contact printing, inkjet printing, screen printing and multi-patterning lithography.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the at least one dielectric enabling element is an inorganic element selected from Si, Ge Ta and Ti.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein said adding the at least one dielectric element comprises silylation.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein said curing comprises a thermal cure, an electron beam cure, an ultra-violet (UV) cure, an ion beam cure, a plasma cure, a microwave cure or a combination thereof.
8. The method of claim 1 further comprising filling said at least one interconnect pattern within the cured permanent patterned dielectric material with an electrically conductive material and planarization.
9. The method of claim 1 further comprising forming a contact opening to said substrate, wherein said contacting opening is formed prior to or after said curing.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein said adding the at least one dielectric element comprises permeating a precursor including said at least one dielectric enabling element into said patterned dielectric photoresist.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein said precursor is a silica precursor selected from the group consisting of a silixone, halosilane, alkoxysilane, carbosilane and silsesquioxane.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein said adding further comprises using a catalyst.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein said adding further comprises using a reaction agent or reaction medium.
14. The method of claim 1 further comprising transferring said at least one interconnect pattern into at least a portion of said substrate after said adding the at least one dielectric enabling element into the patterned photoresist and prior to curing.
15. The method of claim 1 further comprising transferring said at least one interconnect pattern into at least a portion of said substrate after curing.
16. The method of claim 1 wherein said dielectric enabling element is Ti.
17. The method of claim 1 wherein said dielectric enabling element is Ge.
18. A method of forming a semiconductor structure comprising:
forming a first photoresist on an upper surface of a substrate;
forming at least one first interconnect pattern into the first photoresist providing a first patterned photoresist;
forming a second photoresist within the at least one first interconnect pattern and atop the first patterned photoresist;
forming at least one second interconnect pattern within the second photoresist providing a second patterned photoresist;
adding at least one dielectric enabling element into the first and the second patterned photoresists to form first and second patterned photoresists including the at least one dielectric enabling element incorporated therein; and
curing said first patterned photoresist and the second patterned photoresist containing the at least one dielectric enabling element into first and second cured permanent patterned dielectric materials, respectively.
19. The method of claim 18 further comprising forming a contact opening to said substrate, wherein said contacting opening is formed prior to or after said curing.
20. A method of forming a semiconductor structure comprising:
forming a first photoresist on an upper surface of a substrate;
forming at least one first interconnect pattern within the first photoresist providing a first patterned photoresist;
adding at least one dielectric enabling element into the first patterned photoresist;
curing the first patterned photoresist containing the at least one dielectric enabling element forming a first cured permanent patterned dielectric;
forming a second photoresist atop the first cured permanent patterned dielectric;
forming at least one second interconnect pattern within the second photoresist providing a second patterned photoresist;
adding at least one other dielectric enabling element into the second patterned photoresist; and
curing the second patterned photoresist containing the at least one other dielectric enabling element to form a second cured permanent patterned dielectric.