Method and apparatus for thrombus dissolution/thrombectomy by an electrode catheter device
The present invention generally relates to a flexible catheter device capable of being introduced into body passages, withdraw fluids therefrom or introduce fluids thereinto, and which includes electrodes configured to apply electrical signals in the body passage for carrying out thrombus dissolution and/or thrombectomy, wherein one of said electrodes is designed to contact the thrombus material and remove it or dissolve it, and wherein the electrical voltage signals are a unipolar pulsatile voltage signal.
1. A method for removing a thrombus from a body of a subject, the method comprising:
applying a unipolar voltage between a first wire and a second wire passing through at least one lumen of a tube,
while a first electrode, which is connected distally to the first wire, is in contact with a thrombus in the body of the subject, and while a second electrode, which is connected distally to the second wire, is inside the at least one lumen of the tube; and
subsequently to beginning application of the unipolar voltage, removing the thrombus from the body of the subject.
2. The method according to claim 1 ,
wherein applying the unipolar voltage comprises applying a positive voltage between the first wire and the second wire, such as to attach the first electrode to the thrombus, and
wherein removing the thrombus comprises removing the thrombus by retracting the first electrode.
3. The method according to claim 1 ,
wherein applying the unipolar voltage comprises applying the unipolar voltage by applying a negative voltage between the first wire and the second wire, such as to dissolve the thrombus into dissolved thrombus material, and
wherein removing the thrombus comprises removing the thrombus by removing the dissolved thrombus material.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the applying of the negative voltage causes the second electrode to become covered by the dissolved thrombus material, and wherein removing the dissolved thrombus material comprises removing the dissolved thrombus material by removing the second electrode from the body of the subject.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein applying the unipolar voltage comprises applying the unipolar voltage while a distance between respective distal tips of the first electrode and the second electrode is between 2 and 30 mm.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein applying the unipolar voltage comprises applying the unipolar voltage by applying a unipolar periodic pulse signal that includes a plurality of pulses.
7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein one or more of the pulses are trapezoidal-shaped.
8. The method according to claim 6 , wherein one or more of the pulses are half-waves of a sinusoidal signal.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein applying the unipolar voltage comprises applying a direct current (DC) unipolar voltage.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein applying the unipolar voltage comprises applying the unipolar voltage while one of the first electrode and second electrode is grounded.
11. A method for removing a thrombus from a body of a subject, the method comprising:
introducing a tube into the body of the subject;
passing a first wire, over which is an electrically isolating layer, through a lumen of the tube,
a first electrode being connected distally to the first wire,
a second electrode “being fixedly wrapped around the electrically isolating layer”is changed to being wrapped around and affixed to the electrically isolating layer, and
a second wire being connected to the second electrode;
subsequently to passing the first wire through the lumen, contacting the thrombus with the first electrode;
subsequently to contacting the thrombus with the first electrode, using a voltage source, applying a unipolar voltage between the first wire and the second wire while the first electrode is in contact with the thrombus; and
subsequently to beginning application of the unipolar voltage, removing the thrombus from the body of the subject.
12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein applying the unipolar voltage comprises applying the unipolar voltage while the second electrode is inside the lumen of the tube.
13. The method according to claim 11 , wherein applying the unipolar voltage comprises applying the unipolar voltage while a distance between respective distal tips of the first electrode and the second electrode is between 2 and 30 mm.