Apparatuses and methods for providing reference voltages
A reference voltage generator is disclosed that may provide a plurality of reference voltages. A reference voltage generator may include a voltage divider, a multiplexer coupled to the voltage divider, an operational amplifier that may receive a voltage from the multiplexer, and a plurality of resistors that may receive an output from the operational amplifier. The reference voltages may be provided from output terminals coupled to the resistors. A reference voltage generator may include a voltage divider, two multiplexers coupled to the voltage divider, an operational amplifier coupled to each multiplexer, and a plurality of resistors coupled between the outputs of the two operational amplifiers. Reference voltages may be provided from output terminals coupled to the resistors.
1. An apparatus comprising:
a multiplexer configured to receive a plurality of voltages and provide a selected voltage responsive to a reference voltage (RV) parameter provided to the multiplexer;
an operational amplifier configured to receive the selected voltage at a first input and provide a first reference voltage from an output;
a resistor coupled to the output of the operational amplifier;
a first adjustable resistor coupled to the resistor, wherein a second reference voltage is provided from between the resistor and the first adjustable resistor; and
a second adjustable resistor coupled to the first adjustable resistor and to a second input of the operational amplifier, the second adjustable resistor configured to maintain a constant current through the resistor by adjusting a magnitude of the second adjustable resistor responsive to the RV parameter.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a voltage divider configured to receive an input voltage and divide the input voltage to provide the plurality of voltages, wherein the multiplexer is coupled to the voltage divider and configured to receive the plurality of voltages and select a voltage from the plurality of voltages and provide the selected voltage to the operational amplifier.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 , further comprising a controller coupled to the multiplexer, wherein the controller is configured to control the multiplexer to select the selected voltage received by the operational amplifier.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein
the controller is configured to control the multiplexer by providing the RV parameter.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the magnitude of the second adjustable resistor is adjusted in a manner that a voltage difference between the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage is constant.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the magnitude of the second adjustable resistor is adjusted in a manner that the voltage difference between the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage is constant, responsive to the RV parameter.
7. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the voltage divider comprises a plurality of resistors coupled in series.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of resistors coupled in series between the resistor and the first adjustable resistor, wherein reference voltages are provided from between adjacent ones of the plurality of resistors.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the reference voltages provided from between adjacent ones of the plurality of resistors are different voltages.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a voltage difference between the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage is constant.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the operational amplifier is a Class AB operational amplifier.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a capacitor coupled to the output of the operational amplifier and between the resistor and the first adjustable resistor.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a second resistor and a capacitor coupled in series between the output of the operational amplifier and a negative voltage supply.
14. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first and second adjustable resistors are trimmed resistors.
15. A method comprising:
providing a reference voltage (RV) parameter to a multiplexer-,
providing a selected voltage to an operational amplifier and outputting a first reference voltage by the multiplexer responsive to the RV parameter;
dividing with a first resistor the first reference voltage to provide a plurality of reference voltages;
providing an output of the first resistor as feedback to the operational amplifier; and
maintaining a constant current through the first resistor by adjusting a magnitude of a second adjustable resistor responsive to the RV parameter such that a voltage difference between the first reference voltage and a second reference voltage is constant, wherein the second adjustable resistor is coupled to a first adjustable resistor coupled at a node other than a node the first resistor is coupled and the second reference voltage is provided between the first resistor and the first adjustable resistor.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
dividing a source voltage to provide a plurality of voltages; and
selecting the selected voltage from the plurality of voltages.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the first resistor comprises a plurality of resistors.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein maintaining the constant current through the first resistor includes adjusting a first adjustable resistor coupled to the first resistor.
19. An apparatus comprising:
a multiplexer configured to receive a plurality of voltages and select one of the plurality of voltages to provide a reference voltage;
an operational amplifier including a first input, a second input and an output, the first input being configured to receive the reference voltage;
a first resistor coupled between the output of the operational amplifier and a circuit node, the circuit node being coupled to the second input of the operational amplifier; and
a second resistor coupled between the circuit node and a power supply line, the second resistor being configured to represent variable resistance so that a current flowing through the first resistor is made substantially constant when the multiplexer selects a different one of the plurality of voltages to change a level of the reference voltage.
20. The apparatus of claim 19 , further comprising one or more additional resistors coupled between the output of the operational amplifier and the circuit node in series with the first resistor so that the current flowing through the first resistor further flows through the one or more additional resistors.
21. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein the multiplexer is configured to select one of the plurality of voltages responsive, at least in part, to control information, and wherein the second resistor is configured to represent variable resistance responsive, at least in part, to the control information.