High temperature electrolysis glow discharge method
The present invention provides a glow discharge assembly that includes an electrically conductive cylindrical screen, a flange assembly, an electrode, an insulator and a non-conductive granular material. The electrically conductive cylindrical screen has an open end and a closed end. The flange assembly is attached to and electrically connected to the open end of the electrically conductive cylindrical screen. The flange assembly has a hole with a first diameter aligned with a longitudinal axis of the electrically conductive cylindrical screen. The electrode is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the electrically conductive cylindrical screen and extends through the hole of the flange assembly into the electrically conductive cylindrical screen. The insulator seals the hole of the flange assembly around the electrode and maintains a substantially equidistant gap between the electrically conductive cylindrical screen and the electrode. The non-conductive granular material is disposed within the substantially equidistant gap.
1. A method for producing a steam comprising the steps of:
providing a glow discharge assembly comprising:
an electrically conductive cylindrical screen having an open end and a closed end,
a flange assembly attached to and electrically connected to the open end of the electrically conductive cylindrical screen, the flange assembly having a hole with a first diameter aligned with a longitudinal axis of the electrically conductive cylindrical screen,
an electrode aligned with the longitudinal axis of the electrically conductive cylindrical screen and extending through the hole of the flange assembly into the electrically conductive cylindrical screen, the electrode having a second diameter that is smaller than the first diameter of the hole,
an insulator that seals the first hole of the flange assembly around the electrode and maintains a substantially equidistant gap between the electrically conductive cylindrical screen and the electrode,
a non-conductive granular material disposed within the substantially equidistant gap, wherein (a) the non-conductive granular material allows an electrically conductive fluid to flow between the electrically conductive cylindrical screen and the electrode, and (b) the combination of the non-conductive granular material and the conductive fluid prevents electrical arcing between the electrically conductive cylindrical screen and the electrode during an electric glow discharge;
creating the electric glow discharge by: (1) connecting the first electrical connection to a DC electrical power supply such that the flange assembly and the electrically conductive cylindrical screen are an anode, (2) connecting the second electrical connection to the DC electrical power supply such that the electrode is a cathode, and (3) introducing the electrically conductive fluid into the gap; and
producing the steam using heat generated from the cathode during the electric glow discharge.
2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the steam further comprises one or more gases.
3. The method as recited in claim 2 , wherein the one or more gases comprise at least 40% hydrogen.
4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the electrode comprises an electrically conductive screen, electrically conductive tubing, or an electrically conductive rod.
5. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the non-conductive granular material comprises marbles, ceramic beads, molecular sieve media, sand, limestone, activated carbon, zeolite, zirconium, alumina, rock salt, nut shells or wood chips.
6. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the DC electrical power supply operates in a range from 50 to 500 volts DC.
7. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the DC electrical power supply operates in a range of 200 to 400 volts DC.
8. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the cathode reaches a temperature of at least 500° C. during the electric glow discharge.
9. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the cathode reaches a temperature of at least 1000° C. during the electric glow discharge.
10. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the cathode reaches a temperature of at least 2000° C. during the electric glow discharge.
11. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive fluid comprises water, produced water, wastewater or tailings pond water.
12. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising the step of creating the electrically conductive fluid adding an electrolyte to a fluid, wherein the electrolyte comprises baking soda, Nahcolite, lime, sodium chloride, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate or carbonic acid.