Apparatus, system, and method for collecting a target material
This disclosure is directed to an apparatus, system and method for retrieving target material from a suspension. A system includes a processing vessel, a displacement fluid, and a tube. The tube includes a funnel, a cannula, and a cavity. The cannula allows for fluid communication between the funnel and the cavity, such that the processing vessel is inserted into the cavity, and the cannula extends into the processing vessel.
1. A system comprising:
a tube comprising
a first end,
a second end comprising an aperture,
a biological suspension comprising a target material, and
a collection segment between the first and second ends, the collection segment comprising
a funnel comprising a mouth proximal to the first end and an apex distal to the first end,
a cavity extending from the aperture in the second end towards the apex of the funnel, and
a cannula extending from the apex of the funnel into the cavity; and
a processing vessel comprising a closed end and a displacement fluid having a density greater than a density of the target material,
wherein at least a portion of the processing vessel is located within the cavity of the tube, and
wherein the cannula extends through the closed end of the processing vessel.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the displacement fluid is selected from the group consisting of: a solution of colloidal silica particles coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone, a polysaccharide solution, iodixanol, an organic solvent, a liquid wax, an oil, a gas, olive oil, mineral oil, silicone oil, immersion oil, mineral oil, paraffin oil, silicon oil, fluorosilicone, perfluorodecalin, perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene, perfluorooctylbromide, organic solvents, 1,4-Dioxane, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, tert-butanol, cyclohexanone, methylene chloride, tert-Amyl alcohol, tert-Butyl methyl ether, butyl acetate, hexanol, nitrobenzene, toluene, octanol, octane, propylene carbonate, tetramethylene sulfones, ionic liquids, a polymer-based solution, a surfactant, a perfluoroketone, perfluorocyclopentanone, perfluorocyclohexanone, a fluorinated ketone, a hydrofluoroether, a hydrofluorocarbon, a perfluorocarbon, a perfluoropolyether, silicon, a silicon-based liquid, phenylmethyl siloxane, and combinations thereof.
3. The system of claim 1 , the processing vessel further comprising a resealable plug in the closed end, wherein the cannula extends through the resealable plug.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the cannula is a tube, a needle, or a non-coring needle.
5. The system of claim 1 , the processing vessel further comprising a processing solution to effect a transformation on the target material.
6. The system of claim 1 , the biological suspension further comprising a non-target material and the tube further comprising a negative enrichment reagent to change the density of the non-target material.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the suitable negative enrichment reagent is a solution of colloidal silica particles coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone, a polysaccharide solution, iodixanol, a branch glucan, cesium chloride, sucrose, a sugar-based solution, a polymer solution, a multi-phase polymer solution, a tetrameric antibody complex, a particle, a bead, a nanoparticle, a metal-based compound, a metal complex, a lipid, or a sugar.
8. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a cap inserted within the first end of the tube.
9. The system of claim 8 , further comprising a clip placed over the cap and the first end of the tube.
10. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a float located at a longitudinal position within the tube.
11. The system of claim 10 , further comprising a sealing ring located circumferentially around the tube at the same longitudinal position as at least a portion of the float within the tube.
12. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first end of the tube is a bottom end, the second end of the tube is a top end, and the processing vessel extends upwardly from the second end of the tube.
13. The system of claim 1 , wherein the target material is buffy coat, a cell, an ova, fetal material, a trophoblast, a nucleated red blood cell, a fetal red blood cell, a fetal white blood cell, fetal DNA, fetal RNA, a circulating tumor cell, a circulating endothelial cell, an immune cell, a vesicle, a liposome, a protein, a nucleic acid, a biological molecule, a naturally occurring microscopic unit having an enclosed membrane, an artificially prepared microscopic unit having an enclosed membrane, a parasite, a microorganism, a virus, an inflammatory cell, or a broken down biological solid.
14. The system of claim 1 , the tube further comprising a positive enrichment reagent to change the density of the target material.
15. The system of claim 14 , wherein the suitable positive enrichment reagent is a solution of colloidal silica particles coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone, a polysaccharide solution, iodixanol, a branch glucan, cesium chloride, sucrose, a sugar-based solution, a polymer solution, a multi-phase polymer solution, a tetrameric antibody complex, a particle, a bead, a nanoparticle, a metal-based compound, a metal complex, a lipid, or a sugar.
16. A method comprising the steps of:
providing a tube comprising
a first end,
a second end comprising an aperture,
a biological suspension comprising a target material, and
a collection segment between the first and second ends, the collection segment comprising
a funnel comprising a mouth proximal to the first end and an apex distal to the first end,
a cavity extending from the aperture in the second end towards the apex of the funnel, and
a cannula extending from the apex of the funnel into the cavity;
inserting a processing vessel comprising a closed end into the cavity of the tube, wherein the cannula extends through the closed end of the processing vessel;
adding a displacement fluid having a density greater than a density of the target material to the processing vessel; and
centrifuging the tube, the displacement fluid, and the processing vessel, wherein during centrifuging, the displacement fluid flows into the tube via the cannula to displace the target material from the tube which flows into the processing vessel through the cannula.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:
adding a positive enrichment reagent to the tube to change the density of the target material.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the target material is buffy coat, a cell, an ova, fetal material, a trophoblast, a nucleated red blood cell, a fetal red blood cell, a fetal white blood cell, fetal DNA, fetal RNA, a circulating tumor cell, a circulating endothelial cell, an immune cell, a vesicle, a liposome, a protein, a nucleic acid, a biological molecule, a naturally occurring microscopic unit having an enclosed membrane, an artificially prepared microscopic unit having an enclosed membrane, a parasite, a microorganism, a virus, an inflammatory cell, or a broken down biological solid.
19. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:
adding a negative enrichment reagent to the tube to change the density of a non-target material the biological suspension further comprising a non-target material,
the biological suspension further comprising the non-target material.
20. The method of claim 16 , further comprising the steps of:
inserting a filling device comprising a closed end and a layering fluid into the cavity of the tube, wherein the cannula extends through the closed end of the filling device;
transferring at least a portion of the layering fluid from the filling device to the tube to displace air from the tube into the filling device; and
removing the filling device from the cavity of the tube,
wherein the inserting, transferring, and removing steps of the filling device are performed before inserting the processing vessel into the cavity of the tube.