ApoA1 exchange rate assays in serum
Provided herein are compositions, systems, kits, and methods for performing an apoA1 exchange assay to determine the risk of MACE and/or for conducting an action based on the assay results. In some embodiments, methods are provided for generating, or receiving, a report that graphically displays: i) the subjects ApoA1 exchange rate in a sample as lower than a control or threshold value, and ii) the subjects risk of a major adverse cardiac event (MACE) and/or cardiovascular disease as being higher than normal.
1. A method of detecting lipid-free apoA1 reporter molecules in a serum sample from a human subject comprising:
a) contacting a serum sample from a human subject with lipid-free apoA1 reporter molecules,
wherein said serum sample comprises HDL molecules and LDL molecules,
wherein said lipid-free apoA1 reporter molecules each comprise at least a portion of human ApoA1 that is labeled with: i) nitrobenzoxadiazole, a lipid sensitive label whose fluorescence increases in a hydrophobic environment, and ii) a lipid insensitive fluorescent label; and
b) detecting: i) a first signal from said lipid sensitive label, and ii) a second signal from said lipid insensitive label, wherein said lipid-free apoA1 reporter molecules exchange into said HDL molecules in said serum sample at a rate detectable by said first and second signals together.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: generating a report that graphically displays said subject's ApoA1 exchange rate.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein said report graphically displays said subject's ApoA1 exchange rate as less than said a threshold value of 0.85.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said subject's ApoA1 exchange rate is presented in a column indicative of being lower than said threshold value.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein said subject's ApoA1 exchange rate is presented in a color indicative of being lower than said threshold value.
6. The method of claim 2 , wherein said report graphically displays:
i) said subject's ApoA1 exchange rate in said sample as: i) lower than a control value, and/or ii) lower than a threshold value of 0.85; and
ii) said subject's risk of a major adverse cardiac event (MACE) and/or cardiovascular disease being higher than normal.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein said subject's ApoA1 exchange rate is presented in a column indicative of being lower than said control value.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein said subject's ApoA1 exchange rate is presented in a color indicative of being lower than said control value.
9. The method of claim 6 , wherein said control value is based on the average ApoA1 exchange rate from a plurality of healthy individuals or a plurality of individuals without cardiovascular disease.