Anesthetic compounds and related methods of use

1. A compound of formula (I):

wherein:

R 1 is L 1 C(O)OL 2 -[C(R 7 R 8 )] p —C(R 9 R 10 )—C(O)OT;

R 2 is R 1 , optionally substituted linear or branched C 1 -C 10 alkyl, optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, or optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, wherein the backbone of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, or C 2 -C 10 alkynyl optionally comprises one or more heteroatoms;

each R 3 is independently halogen, CN, CF 3 , SR 2 , SOR 2 , SO 2 R 2 , OR 2 , CO 2 H, CO 2 R 2 , N(R 2 ) 2 , NHR 2 , NO 2 , or R 2 ;

Z is N or CR 6 ;

R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 are independently hydrogen, halogen, CN, CF 3 , SR 2 , SOR 2 , SO 2 R 2 , OR 2 , CO 2 H, CO 2 R 2 , N(R 2 ) 2 , NHR 2 , NO 2 , or R 2 ;

R 7 and R 8 are hydrogen;

R 9 and R 10 are independently hydrogen, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl;

L 1 and L 2 are independently a bond, optionally substituted linear or branched C 1 -C 10 alkylene, optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkenylene, or optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkynylene, wherein the backbone of C 1 -C 10 alkylene, C 2 -C 10 alkenylene, or C 2 -C 10 alkynylene optionally comprises one or more heteroatoms;

T is H, a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, optionally substituted cyclyl, optionally substituted heterocylcyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, or PEG, wherein the backbone of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl optionally comprises one or more heteroatoms;

n is an integer from 0-5; and

p is 0 or 1,

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof,

provided that when both of R 9 and R 10 are hydrogen then T is optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl or a linear or branched C 1 -C 10 alkyl substituted with a heterocyclyl.

2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Z is N.

3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein T is morpholinyl, oxazolindinyl or oxetanyl.

4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein T is methyl or ethyl.

5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 2 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, or 2,2-dimethylbutyl.

6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 4 and R 5 are hydrogen.

7. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 9 and R 10 are hydrogen.

8. The compound of claim 1 , wherein one of R 9 and R 10 is hydrogen and the other is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl.

9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein n is 0.

10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein L 1 is a bond.

11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein L 2 is a bond.

12. The compound of claim 1 , wherein n is 0; L 1 and L 2 are a bond; R 2 is a C 1 -C 10 alkyl; and R 4 and R 5 , and R 6 are hydrogen.

13. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:

14. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

15. A method for providing anesthesia or sedation to a subject comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1 .

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the compound is administered intravenously.

17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the compound is administered as a single intravenous bolus, as a continuous intravenous infusion, or a combination thereof.

18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the subject is human.

19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the compound is administered in a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

20. The method of claim 15 , further comprising administering an analgesic agent, a paralytic agent, or both an analgesic agent and a paralytic agent.