Polymer comprising a plurality of phenothiazine groups and methods of making the same
A non-leaching mediator may include a polymer having a polymeric backbone, and a plurality of phenothiazine groups bonded to the polymeric backbone. The plurality of phenothiazine groups may include at least one of a phenothiazine group having the general formula (IV): and salts thereof, where n is about 9 and “R” represents the polymeric backbone to which the phenothiazine group is bonded, and a phenothiazine group having the general formula (V): and salts thereof, where n is about 9 and “R” represents the polymeric backbone to which the phenothiazine group is bonded.
1. An electrochemical test sensor comprising a working electrode, a counter electrode and a mediator, the mediator including a polymer, the polymer including a polymeric backbone, and a plurality of phenothiazine groups bonded to the polymeric backbone;
where the plurality of phenothiazine groups includes at least one of a phenothiazine group having the general formula (IV):
and salts thereof, where n is about 9 and “R” represents the polymeric backbone to which the phenothiazine group is bonded, and
a phenothiazine group having the general formula (V):
and salts thereof, where n is about 9 and “R” represents the polymeric backbone to which the phenothiazine group is bonded.
2. The electrochemical test sensor of claim 1 , wherein the phenothiazine group is bonded to the polymeric backbone through a carbon-heteroatom bond.
3. The electrochemical test sensor of claim 1 , wherein the phenothiazine group is bonded to the polymeric backbone through a group selected from the group consisting of an ether group, an ester group, a carbonate group, a urea group, a urethane group, an amine group, an amide group, a thioether group, a thiourea group and a sulfonamide group.
4. The electrochemical test sensor of claim 3 , wherein the phenothiazine group is bonded to the polymeric backbone through a group selected from an ether group or an ester group.
5. The electrochemical test sensor of claim 3 , wherein the phenothiazine group is bonded to the polymeric backbone through a carbonate group.
6. The electrochemical test sensor of claim 3 , wherein the phenothiazine group is bonded to the polymeric backbone through a urea group or a urethane group.
7. The electrochemical test sensor of claim 3 , wherein the phenothiazine group is bonded to the polymeric backbone through an amine group or an amide group.
8. The electrochemical test sensor of claim 3 , wherein the phenothiazine group is bonded to the polymeric backbone through a thioether group or a thiourea group.
9. The electrochemical test sensor of claim 3 , wherein the phenothiazine group is bonded to the polymeric backbone through a sulfonamide group.
10. The electrochemical test sensor of claim 1 further including glucose oxidase.
11. The electrochemical test sensor of claim 1 further including glucose dehydrogenase.
12. An electrochemical test sensor comprising a working electrode, a counter electrode, glucose dehydrogenase, and a mediator, the mediator including a polymer, the polymer including a polymeric backbone, and a plurality of phenothiazine groups bonded to the polymeric backbone;
where the plurality of phenothiazine groups includes at least one of a phenothiazine group having the general formula (IV):
and salts thereof, where n is about 9 and “R” represents the polymeric backbone to which the phenothiazine group is bonded, and
a phenothiazine group having the general formula (V):
and salts thereof, where n is about 9 and “R” represents the polymeric backbone to which the phenothiazine group is bonded,
wherein the phenothiazine group is bonded to the polymeric backbone through a carbon-heteroatom bond.
13. An electrochemical test sensor comprising a working electrode, a counter electrode, glucose oxidase, and a mediator, the mediator including a polymer, the polymer including a polymeric backbone, and a plurality of phenothiazine groups bonded to the polymeric backbone;
where the plurality of phenothiazine groups includes at least one of a phenothiazine group having the general formula (IV):
and salts thereof, where n is about 9 and “R” represents the polymeric backbone to which the phenothiazine group is bonded, and
a phenothiazine group having the general formula (V):
and salts thereof, where n is about 9 and “R” represents the polymeric backbone to which the phenothiazine group is bonded,
wherein the phenothiazine group is bonded to the polymeric backbone through a carbon-heteroatom bond.