Photovoltaic module
A photovoltaic module includes an encapsulated photovoltaic element and an infrared-transmissive decorative overlay simulating conventional roofing.
1. A decorative photovoltaic module comprising:
a photovoltaic module having a photovoltaic element and an upper surface over the photovoltaic element; and
an overlay film adhered to the upper surface of the module over the photovoltaic element, the overlay film being substantially transmissive of both near infrared radiation and infrared radiation, the overlay film including an infrared-transmissive carrier film and one or more coating layers or inks disposed thereon, each coating layer or ink comprising one or more pigments, the overlay film having a pattern of selective absorbance of visible radiation, the pattern of selective absorbance of visible radiation being formed by a pattern of the one or more pigments selectively absorbing portions of the visible spectrum, wherein the one or more pigments include least one infrared-transmissive pigment.
2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1 , wherein the one or more pigments include one or more of zinc sulfide, zinc oxide, nanoparticulate titanium dioxide, CI Pigment Black 31, CI Pigment Black 32, CI Pigment Red 122, and CI Pigment Yellow 13.
3. The photovoltaic module of claim 1 , wherein the overlay film is adhered to the photovoltaic module by an infrared-transmissive adhesive.
4. The photovoltaic module of claim 1 , wherein the photovoltaic module includes a cover plate at its upper surface, the overlay film being adhered to the cover plate.
5. The photovoltaic module of claim 4 , wherein the cover plate is formed of glass, acrylic resin or fluororesin.
6. A photovoltaic module of claim 5 , wherein the overlay film is adhered to a top surface of cover plate.
7. The photovoltaic module of claim 4 , wherein the photovoltaic module includes an encapsulant encapsulating the photovoltaic element, the encapsulant having a top surface, the cover plate being disposed over the top surface of the encapsulant.
8. The photovoltaic module of claim 1 , wherein the photovoltaic module includes an encapsulant encapsulating the photovoltaic element, the encapsulant having a top surface, the overlay film being adhered to the top surface of the encapsulant.
9. The photovoltaic module of claim 1 , wherein the pattern of selective absorbance of visible radiation is formed by a pattern of individual pigmented regions.
10. The photovoltaic module of claim 1 , wherein the overlay film includes a portion that is free from pigment.
11. A method for producing a photovoltaic module of claim 1 , the method comprising:
(a) providing a photovoltaic module including a semiconductor stack encapsulated in an infrared-transmissive resin and covered with a top plate, and
(b) adhering an overlay film bearing a pattern to the top plate using an infrared-transmissive adhesive material, the pattern being formed by pigment selectively absorbing portions of the visible spectrum, the pattern further including an opaque ink on at least a portion of the overlay film.
12. A photovoltaic module of claim 1 , wherein the pattern is discontinuous.
13. A photovoltaic module of claim 1 , wherein the portions of the pattern have no pigment.
14. A photovoltaic module of claim 1 , wherein the pattern is formed by a pattern of dots of pigment, wherein areas of the pattern are free of pigment.
15. A photovoltaic module of claim 14 , wherein the pattern of dots has a frequency in the range of 30-200 lines per inch.
16. A decorative photovoltaic module comprising:
a photovoltaic module having a photovoltaic element and an upper surface over the photovoltaic element; and
an overlay film adhered to the upper surface of the module over the photovoltaic element, the overlay film having a pattern of selective absorbance of visible radiation, the pattern of selective absorbance of visible radiation being formed by a pattern of one or more pigments selectively absorbing portions of the visible spectrum,
wherein the overlay film includes a carrier film and one or more coating layers or inks disposed thereon, each coating layer or ink comprising one or more pigments and a binder.
17. The photovoltaic module of claim 16 , wherein the pattern of the one or more pigments is provided by an infrared-transmissive coating or ink at a first portion of the overlay film and an opaque coating or ink at a second portion of the overlay film.
18. The photovoltaic module of claim 16 , wherein the pattern is formed by printing the one or more coatings or inks on the carrier film.
19. The photovoltaic module of claim 16 , wherein the carrier film is a fluororesin film or an acrylic film.
20. A photovoltaic module of claim 16 , wherein the pattern is formed by a pattern of dots of pigment, wherein areas of the pattern are free of pigment.
21. A photovoltaic module of claim 20 , wherein the pattern of dots has a frequency in the range of 30-200 lines per inch.
22. A decorative photovoltaic module comprising:
a photovoltaic module having a photovoltaic element and an upper surface over the photovoltaic element; and
an overlay film adhered to the upper surface of the module over the photovoltaic element, the overlay film having a pattern of selective absorbance of visible radiation, the pattern of selective absorbance of visible radiation being formed by a pattern of one or more pigments selectively absorbing portions of the visible spectrum,
wherein the pattern of selective absorbance of visible radiation is formed by a pattern of regions of two or more differently-colored inks or coating compositions, the pattern having a frequency no more than 200 lines per inch.
23. The photovoltaic module of claim 22 , wherein the regions are dots.