Method of making inkjet print heads having inkjet chambers and orifices formed in a wafer and related devices
A method of making inkjet print heads may include forming recesses in a first surface of a first wafer to define inkjet chambers. The method may also include forming openings extending from a second surface of the first wafer through to respective ones of the inkjet chambers to define inkjet orifices. The method may further include forming a second wafer including ink heaters, and joining the first and second wafers together so that the ink heaters are aligned within respective inkjet chambers to thereby define the inkjet print heads.
1. An inkjet print head comprising:
a first semiconductor substrate comprising a first surface and an opposite second surface and being made of a monolithic monocrystalline semiconductor material;
an inkjet chamber disposed in the first semiconductor substrate, the inkjet chamber comprising a recess extending from the first surface into the first semiconductor substrate;
an inkjet orifice disposed in the first semiconductor substrate, the inkjet orifice extending from the second surface to the inkjet chamber;
a substrate comprising a second semiconductor substrate attached to the first semiconductor substrate; and
an ink heater disposed in the substrate, wherein the ink heater is disposed directly underneath the inkjet chamber; and
an adhesion layer disposed between the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate.
2. The inkjet print head of claim 1 , further comprising inkjet print head comprising a conductive trace to energize the ink heater.
3. The inkjet print head of claim 1 , wherein the inkjet chamber has a trapezoidal or a rectangular cross-sectional shape.
4. The inkjet print head of claim 1 , wherein the inkjet chamber has a height of about 20 microns, a roof of about 12 microns, and a floor of about 40 microns.
5. The inkjet print head of claim 1 , wherein the inkjet chamber comprises a sidewall inclined at an angle of 54.7° to the first surface.
6. The inkjet print head of claim 1 , wherein the adhesion layer comprises a photosensitive polymer layer.
7. The inkjet print head of claim 1 , further comprising control circuitry coupled to the ink heater.
8. The inkjet print head of claim 1 , wherein the ink heater comprises a resistor.
9. The inkjet print head of claim 1 , wherein the first semiconductor substrate comprises monocrystalline silicon substrate, wherein the first surface has a <100> crystalline orientation.
10. The inkjet print head of claim 1 , wherein the ink heater comprises slanted sidewalls and the inkjet orifice comprises vertical sidewalls.
11. The inkjet print head of claim 10 , wherein the adhesion layer comprises vertical sidewalls.
12. The inkjet print head of claim 1 , wherein the ink heater comprises positively slanted sidewalls and the inkjet orifice comprises negatively slanted sidewalls.
13. The inkjet print head of claim 1 , wherein the ink heater comprises vertical sidewalls and the inkjet orifice comprises vertical sidewalls.
14. An inkjet print head comprising:
a first semiconductor substrate comprising a first surface and an opposite second surface, and being made of a monolithic monocrystalline semiconductor material;
a second semiconductor substrate attached to the first semiconductor substrate, the first surface facing a major surface of the second semiconductor substrate;
an adhesion layer disposed between the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate;
an inkjet chamber comprising a cavity, the cavity being disposed in the first semiconductor substrate and capped with the major surface of the second semiconductor substrate;
an inkjet orifice disposed in the first semiconductor substrate, the inkjet orifice connecting to the inkjet chamber; and
an ink heater disposed over the major surface of the second semiconductor substrate, wherein the ink heater overlaps with the inkjet chamber.
15. The inkjet print head of claim 14 , wherein the first surface comprises a <100> crystal orientation.
16. The inkjet print head of claim 14 , wherein the inkjet chamber has a trapezoidal or a rectangular cross-sectional shape.
17. The inkjet print head of claim 14 , wherein the inkjet chamber comprises a sidewall inclined at an angle of 54.7° to the first surface.
18. The inkjet print head of claim 14 , wherein the adhesion layer comprises a photosensitive polymer layer.
19. The inkjet print head of claim 14 , further comprising control circuitry coupled to the ink heater.
20. The inkjet print head of claim 14 , wherein the ink heater comprises a resistor.
21. The inkjet print head of claim 14 , wherein the second semiconductor substrate comprises monocrystalline silicon.
22. An inkjet print head comprising:
a first semiconductor substrate comprising a first surface and an opposite second surface, and being made of a first monolithic monocrystalline semiconductor material;
an adhesion layer coating the first surface;
a second semiconductor substrate attached to the first semiconductor substrate through the adhesion layer, the first surface facing a major surface of the second semiconductor substrate, the second semiconductor substrate being made of a second monolithic monocrystalline semiconductor material;
a cavity disposed in the first semiconductor substrate and extending through the adhesion layer, the cavity being capped with the major surface of the second semiconductor substrate;
an inkjet orifice disposed in the first semiconductor substrate, the inkjet orifice connecting to the cavity; and
an ink heater disposed over the major surface of the second semiconductor substrate, wherein the inkjet orifice is aligned with the ink heater along a vertical direction.
23. The inkjet print head of claim 22 , wherein the first surface comprises a <100> crystal orientation, wherein the second semiconductor substrate comprises monocrystalline silicon.
24. The inkjet print head of claim 22 , wherein the cavity has a trapezoidal or a rectangular cross-sectional shape.
25. The inkjet print head of claim 22 , wherein the cavity comprises a sidewall inclined at an angle of 54.7° to the first surface.
26. The inkjet print head of claim 10 , further comprising control circuitry coupled to the ink heater, wherein the ink heater comprises a resistor.
27. The inkjet print head of claim 22 , wherein the first monolithic monocrystalline semiconductor material and the second monolithic monocrystalline semiconductor material have different crystalline orientation so that the first surface of the first monolithic monocrystalline semiconductor material and the major surface of the second semiconductor substrate comprise different crystal planes.