Hybrid documents with electronic indicia
A hybrid document includes a flexible document having visible markings. One or more light-controlling elements and a controller are embedded in or on the flexible document. The controller is electrically connected to the one or more light-controlling elements to control the one or more light-controlling elements. A power input connection is electrically connected to the controller, or one or more light-controlling elements, or both. A power source can be connected to the power input connection, for example a piezoelectric or photovoltaic power source. In response to applied power, the controller causes the one or more light-controlling elements to emit light. In some embodiments, the controller includes a memory and a value can be stored in the memory and displayed by the light-controlling element(s). In some embodiments, the value can be assigned or varied by a hybrid currency teller machine.
1 . A hybrid document, comprising:
a document; and
a component comprising:
a power component disposed in or on the document, the power component comprising a power support and a piezoelectric cantilever extending from the power support, the piezoelectric cantilever comprising a layer of piezoelectric material, a first electrode on a first side of the piezoelectric material and a second electrode on a second side of the piezoelectric material opposite the first side,
a controller disposed in or on the document and electrically connected to the power component, and
a light-emitting diode disposed in or on the document and electrically connected to the power component, the controller, or both,
wherein the power component, the controller, and the light-emitting diode are comprised in a circuit that is operable to emit light from the light-emitting diode in response to power received from the power component,
wherein the component comprises a component substrate disposed on the document and the power component, the controller, and the light-emitting diode are each disposed on or in the component substrate, and
wherein the piezoelectric cantilever is disposed over or in a cavity in the component substrate.
2 . The hybrid document of claim 1 , wherein the cavity is enclosed.
3 . The hybrid document of claim 1 , wherein the cavity is enclosed with a cap.
4 . The hybrid document of claim 1 , wherein the component comprises an encapsulation layer disposed around the cavity such that the cavity is enclosed at least by the encapsulation layer.
5 . A hybrid document, comprising:
a document; and
a component comprising:
a power component disposed in or on the document, the power component comprising a power support and a piezoelectric cantilever extending from the power support, the piezoelectric cantilever comprising a layer of piezoelectric material, a first electrode on a first side of the piezoelectric material and a second electrode on a second side of the piezoelectric material opposite the first side,
a controller disposed in or on the document and electrically connected to the power component, and
a light-emitting diode disposed in or on the document and electrically connected to the power component, the controller, or both,
wherein the power component, the controller, and the light-emitting diode are comprised in a circuit that is operable to emit light from the light-emitting diode in response to power received from the power component,
wherein the circuit further comprises a capacitor electrically connected to the power component such that power transmitted from the power component is stored in the capacitor and subsequently discharged to cause the light-emitting diode to emit the light, and
wherein the piezoelectric cantilever and the capacitor comprise a same dielectric material disposed in a common layer.
6 . A hybrid document, comprising:
a document; and
a component comprising:
a power component disposed in or on the document, the power component comprising a power support and a piezoelectric cantilever extending from the power support, the piezoelectric cantilever comprising a layer of piezoelectric material, a first electrode on a first side of the piezoelectric material and a second electrode on a second side of the piezoelectric material opposite the first side,
a controller disposed in or on the document and electrically connected to the power component, and
a light-emitting diode disposed in or on the document and electrically connected to the power component, the controller, or both,
wherein the power component, the controller, and the light-emitting diode are comprised in a circuit that is operable to emit light from the light-emitting diode in response to power received from the power component, and
wherein the piezoelectric cantilever comprises a plurality of piezoelectric fingers.
7 . The hybrid document of claim 6 , wherein the document has a document surface and any one or combination of the circuit, the power component, the controller, and the light-emitting diode is disposed on the document surface.
8 . The hybrid document of claim 6 , wherein the piezoelectric cantilever extends in a cantilever plane that is non-orthogonal to a surface of the document and the piezoelectric cantilever is operable to oscillate in a direction non-parallel to the cantilever plane.
9 . The hybrid document of claim 6 , wherein the document is flexible.
10 . The hybrid document of claim 6 , comprising a plurality of components disposed on the document each comprising a respective component substrate and a respective circuit comprising at least a respective light-emitting diode, a respective controller, and a respective power component, wherein each component is independent and separate from any other component.
11 . The hybrid document of claim 6 , wherein the document is a banknote.
12 . The hybrid document of claim 6 , wherein (i) the controller comprises a fractured or separated controller tether, (ii) the light-emitting diode comprises a fractured or separated LED tether, or (iii) (i) and (ii).
13 . The hybrid document of claim 6 , wherein at least two of the piezoelectric fingers of the plurality of piezoelectric fingers are electrically connected in series.
14 . The hybrid document of claim 6 , wherein the power component comprises one or more masses and the one or more masses are disposed on ends of the plurality of piezoelectric fingers opposite opposing ends of the plurality of piezoelectric fingers that are adjacent to, on, or physically connected to the power support.
15 . The hybrid document of claim 6 , wherein the piezoelectric cantilever extends from a side of the power support or an end of the piezoelectric cantilever is disposed on the power support.
16 . The hybrid document of claim 6 , wherein the component comprises a plurality of power components electrically connected in series, each of the power components comprising a respective piezoelectric cantilever.