Dispersions comprising high surface area nanotubes and discrete carbon nanotubes
The present application pertains to dispersions comprising oxidized, discrete carbon nanotubes and high-surface area carbon nanotubes. The oxidized, discrete carbon nanotubes comprise an interior and exterior surface, each surface comprising an interior surface oxidized species content and an exterior surface oxidized species content. The interior surface oxidized species content differs from the exterior surface oxidized species content by at least 20%, and as high as 100%. The high-surface area nanotubes are generally single-wall nanotubes. The BET surface area of the high-surface area nanotubes is from about 550 m 2 /g to about 1500 m 2 /g according to ASTM D6556-16. The aspect ratio is at least about 500 up to about 6000. The dispersions comprise from about 0.1 to about 30% by weight nanotubes based on the total weight of the dispersion.
1. A dispersion comprising:
oxidized, discrete carbon nanotubes wherein the discrete carbon nanotubes comprise an interior and exterior surface, each surface comprising an interior surface oxidized species content and an exterior surface oxidized species content, wherein the interior surface oxidized species content is in the range of from about 0.01 to about 3 weight percent relative to carbon nanotube weight, wherein the exterior surface oxidized content is from about 0.1 to about 65 weight percent relative to carbon nanotube weight and wherein the interior surface oxidized species content differs from the exterior surface oxidized species content by at least 20% in magnitude; and
high-surface area carbon nanotubes, wherein the high-surface area nanotubes are single-wall nanotubes, wherein the BET surface area of the high-surface area nanotubes is from about 550 m 2 /g to about 1500 m 2 /g according to ASTM D6556-16 and wherein the aspect ratio is at least about 500 up to about 6000;
wherein the sum of the weight of the oxidized, discrete carbon nanotubes and the high surface area carbon nanotubes is in the range of from about 0.1 to about 30% by weight based on the total weight of the dispersion.
2. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein the interior surface oxidized species content of the oxidized, discrete carbon nanotubes is less than the exterior surface oxidized species content.
3. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein the oxidized, discrete carbon nanotubes have an aspect ratio that is bimodal.
4. The dispersion of claim 1 , further comprising a diluent.
5. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein the oxidized, discrete carbon nanotubes have an aspect ratio of 25 to 500.
6. The dispersion of claim 1 , further comprising at least one dispersant.
7. The dispersion of claim 6 , wherein the dispersant is selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic polymers, anionic polymers, non-ionic polymers, cationic polymers, ethylene oxide containing polymers, propylene oxide containing polymers, amphiphilic polymers, fatty acids, dihydrolevoglucosenone, and mixtures thereof.
8. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the oxidized, discrete carbon nanotubes comprise an oxidation species selected from carboxylic acid or a derivative carbonyl containing species wherein the derivative carbonyl species is selected from ketones, quaternary amines, amides, esters, acyl halogens, and metal salts.
9. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the oxidized, discrete carbon nanotubes comprise an oxidation species selected from hydroxyl or derived from hydroxyl containing species.
10. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the oxidized, discrete carbon nanotubes comprise multiwall carbon nanotubes.
11. A dispersion comprising:
oxidized, high-surface area carbon nanotubes, wherein the BET surface area of the high-surface area nanotubes comprises from about 550 m 2 /g to about 1500 m 2 /g according to ASTM D6556-16 and wherein the aspect ratio is at least about 500 up to about 6000 and wherein at least a portion of the high surface area carbon nanotubes are discrete and comprise about 0.1 to about 30% by weight based on the total weight of the dispersion.
12. The dispersion of claim 11 , wherein at least a portion of the high-surface area carbon nanotubes comprise single wall carbon nanotubes.
13. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein a portion of high-surface area carbon nanotubes comprise an oxygen containing species.
14. The dispersion of claim 1 , further comprising at least one polymer.
15. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of vinyl polymers, poly(styrene-butadiene), partially or fully hydrogenated poly(styrene butadiene) containing copolymers, functionalized poly(styrene butadiene) copolymers such as carboxylated poly(styrene butadiene), poly(styrene-isoprene), poly(methacrylic acid), poly(methylmethacrylate), poly(acrylic acid), poly(vinylalcohols), poly(vinylacetates), fluorinated polymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, conductive polymers, polymers derived from natural sources, polyethers, polyesters, polyurethanes, and polyamides; homopolymers, graft, block or random co- or ter-polymers, and copolymers and mixtures thereof.
16. The dispersion of claim 1 , which further comprises a cellulose-based polymer or salt thereof.
17. The dispersion of claim 16 , wherein the cellulose-based polymer is carboxymethylcellulose or a salt thereof.
18. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein the high-surface area carbon nanotubes have an impurity residue of less than about 25 weight percent.
19. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein the high-surface area carbon nanotubes have an impurity residue of less than about 12 weight percent.
20. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein the high-surface area carbon nanotubes have an impurity residue of less than about 1 weight percent.
21. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein the BET surface area of the high-surface area carbon nanotubes is from about 1000 m 2 /g to about 1500 m 2 /g according to ASTM D6556-16.