IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,257,338
Granted Patent B2
US 12,257,338 · App. 17/273,492 · Granted Mar 25, 2025

Compositions and methods for application over skin

Inventors: Ariya Akthakul (Boston, MA); Nithin Ramadurai (Wakefield, MA)
Assignee: Shiseido Company, Limited
A61K8/895A61K8/0204A61K8/25A61K9/0014A61K31/80A61K45/06A61Q19/00A61K2800/882A61K2800/95
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,257,338
App. No.
17/273,492
Granted
Mar 25, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

Disclosed herein are compositions that can form a covering, layer, film, device, and/or prosthetic skin that can be comfortably worn to provide skin barrier function, skin hydration and therapeutic and aesthetic benefits. Provided herein are novel compositions that have low tackiness and form quickly, resulting in a wearable, comfortable (maintains temperature and humidity), breathable, thin, optically invisible, cosmetically elegant, flexible, stretchable, elastic and body-movement conforming, yet long-lasting covering, layer, film, device, and/or prosthetic skin on the skin or any other body surface. Provided herein are novel compositions that can form a covering, layer, film, device, and/or prosthetic skin that works for extended periods in excess of about 24 hours, while retaining function during and after exercising, showering and swimming (in sea-water, fresh water and chlorinated water), steam room (heat at high humidity), and sauna (heat at low humidity).

Claims (28)

1. A composition for the formation of a film over the skin of a subject, comprising:

a. a bifunctional organopolysiloxane polymer selected from a group consisting of monovinyl monophenyl monohydride dimethicone, vinylmethylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane copolymer (hydride terminated), and monovinyl monohydride dimethicone;

b. a reinforcing constituent suitable for formation of a film on the subject's skin; and

c. an organopolysiloxane with at least two alkenyl functional groups or at least one alkynyl functional group, either at a terminal of the organopolysiloxane or at a side chain of the organopolysiloxane or both; and

wherein the bifunctional organopolysiloxane polymer is present in an amount of from about 1% to about 10% by weight of the total weight of the composition.

2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the vinyl group or the hydride group are terminal groups.

3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bifunctional organopolysiloxane polymer has a degree of polymerization of at least 20 and a dispersity index of less than about 1.2.

4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the degree of polymerization is from about 20 to about 200.

5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the film has no crosslinking.

6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the film is formed via hydrosilylation step-growth polymerization of the bifunctional organopolysiloxane polymer.

7. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the bifunctional organopolysiloxane polymer is capable of reacting with a metal catalyst to form the film over the subject's skin.

8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the metal catalyst is a platinum catalyst.

9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the reinforcing constituent is fumed silica.

10. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising an agent, wherein the agent is anti-oxidants, vitamins, vitamin D3 analogues, retinoids, minerals, mineral oil, petroleum jelly, fatty acids, plant extracts, polypeptides, antibodies, proteins, sugars, humectants, emollients, or a combination thereof.

11. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising an agent, wherein the agent is a cosmetic agent.

12. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the cosmetic agent is a moisturizer, a sunscreen, a UV protecting agent, a skin-protectant agent, a skin-soothing agent, a skin-lightening agent, a skin-brightening agent, a skin-softening agent, a skin-smoothening agent, a skin-bleaching agent, a skin-exfoliating agent, a skin-tightening agent, a cosmeceutical agent, a vitamin, an anti-oxidant, a cell-signaling agent, a cell-modulating agent, a cell-interacting agent, a skin tanning agent, an anti-aging agent, an anti-wrinkle agent, a spot reducer, an alpha-hydroxy acid, a beta-hydroxy acid, a ceramide, or a combination thereof.

13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said reinforcing constituent is selected from the group consisting of surface treated mica, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, clay, and silica.

14. A kit for the formation of a film over the skin of a subject, wherein the kit comprises a) a first container comprising the composition of claim 1 ; and b) a second container comprising metal catalyst.

15. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bifunctional organopolysiloxane polymer is monovinyl monophenyl monohydride dimethicone.

16. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bifunctional organopolysiloxane polymer is vinylmethylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane copolymer (hydride terminated).

17. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bifunctional organopolysiloxane polymer is monovinyl monohydride dimethicone.

18. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the monovinyl monohydride dimethicone has formula

19. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bifunctional organopolysiloxane polymer is present in an amount of about 1%, about 2.5%, about 3%, about 5%, about 7%, or about 10% by weight of the total weight of the composition.

20. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the organopolysiloxane with at least two alkenyl functional groups or at least one alkynyl functional group has formula (I):

wherein at least two of R 1 , R 4 , R 5 and R 8 are alkenyl groups or at least one of R 1 , R 4 , R 5 and R 8 is alkynyl group;

the rest of R 1 , R 4 , R 5 and R 8 are C 1-20 alkyl groups;

R 2 , R 3 , R 6 and R 7 are C 1-20 alkyl groups; and

the sum of n and m is between 2 and 1,000,000.

Assignments (3)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jan 10, 2025
From: AKTHAKUL, ARIYA
To: SHISEIDO AMERICAS CORPORATION
Reel/Frame 069820/0771 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jan 10, 2025
From: RAMADURAI, NITHIN
To: SHISEIDO AMERICAS CORPORATION
Reel/Frame 069820/0774 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jan 10, 2025
From: SHISEIDO AMERICAS CORPORATION
To: SHISEIDO COMPANY, LIMITED
Reel/Frame 069820/0915 →
Continuity (2)
Provisional Application 62737652 · Sep 27, 2018
Related Publication 20210338562A1 · Nov 4, 2021
References Cited (207)
US 3261802A · Bobear et al. · 1966 [cited by applicant]
US 3419006A · King · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3635743A · Smith · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3882083A · Berger et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3884866A · Jeram et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3950300A · Hittmair et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3957713A · Jeram et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 4013611A · Hechtl et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4025485A · Kodama et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4683278A · Toshio · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4908140A · Bausch et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 5173291A · Brink · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5190827A · Lin · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5219560A · Suzuki et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5525344A · Wivell · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5534609A · Lewis et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5616632A · Fujiki et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5800816A · Brieva et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5830951A · Fiedler · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5919437A · Lee et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5919468A · Bara et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5922470A · Bracken et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5955513A · Hare · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6066326A · Afriat et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6313190B1 · Bublewitz et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6342237B1 · Bara et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6355724B1 · LeGrow et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6391944B2 · Canoont et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6423322B1 · Fry et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6471985B2 · Guyuron et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6512072B1 · Gantner et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6544532B1 · Jager-Lezer et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6545076B2 · Kaiya et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6573299B1 · Petrus · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6613185B1 · Valade et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6682749B1 · Potechin et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6762242B1 · Torto et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6998427B2 · Del Torto et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7078026B2 · Ferrari et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7083800B1 · Terren et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7148306B2 · Frank et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7270828B2 · Masuda et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7273658B2 · Benayoun et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7335708B2 · Bublewitz et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7425292B2 · Yang et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7452957B2 · Curtis · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7482419B2 · Caprasse et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7572514B2 · Howe et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7750106B2 · Zheng et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 8034323B2 · Zheng et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8133478B2 · Maitra et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8263055B2 · Do · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8569792B2 · Mitani et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8611746B2 · Pincemin et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8658755B2 · Saito · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8691202B2 · Yu et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8920783B2 · Lin · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8952118B2 · Arkles et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9044288B2 · Angeletakis · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9096721B2 · Garaud et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9114096B2 · Yu et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9186315B2 · Singer · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9308221B2 · Yu et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9333223B2 · Yu et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9511034B1 · Garrett · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9724363B2 · Yu et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9937200B2 · Yu et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10022396B2 · Yu et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10918661B2 · Yu et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 10973848B2 · Yu et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11160827B2 · Akthakul et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20020022040A1 · Robinson et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020122771A1 · Holland et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20030180281A1 · Bott et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20040258628A1 · Riedel et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050148727A1 · Ajbani et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050158260A1 · Ferrari et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050175562A1 · Hadasch et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050261632A1 · Xu · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20060029623A1 · Astruc et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20070142575A1 · Zheng et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070142599A1 · Zheng et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070212314A1 · Murphy et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070244230A1 · Sixt et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070292463A1 · Spector · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20080102050A1 · Li et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080159970A1 · Willemin · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080279797A1 · Maitra et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080281055A1 · Schlitzer et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20090035246A1 · Do · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090214455A1 · Blin et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090317343A1 · Lin et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100112019A1 · Thevenet · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100152135A1 · Blin et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100178266A1 · Huggins et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100179105A1 · Blin et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20110040242A1 · Fallon et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110166275A1 · Zhang · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110170864A1 · Tani et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20120237461A1 · Yu et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120251600A1 · Yu et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20130052356A1 · Li et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130078209A1 · Yu et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130178571A1 · Ogawa et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20140004065A1 · Souda et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140004073A1 · Yu et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140010769A1 · Lomakin et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140044670A1 · Yu et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140275406A1 · Arkles et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140322519A1 · Ahn et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20150190516A1 · Cauvin et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150274971A1 · Endo et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150284590A1 · Endo et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160143840A1 · Yu et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160250250A1 · Yu et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160317574A1 · Yu et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170189317A1 · Bernard et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170360824A1 · Yu et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170368094A9 · Yu et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20180256636A1 · Yu et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180296591A1 · Yu et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20200009184A1 · Akthakul et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20210213046A1 · Akthakul et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210213047A1 · Akthakul et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210252041A1 · Akthakul et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210338562A1 · Akthakul et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20220062327A1 · Yu et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220176013A1 · Akthakul et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
CN 103920179 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
CN 106236608 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
CN 106236608A · 2016 [cited by applicant]
EP 0445982 · 1991 [cited by applicant]
EP 0851000 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
EP 0865787 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
EP 2090294 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
FR 2894817 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
FR 2910291 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
FR 2954143 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
FR 2956319 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
JP 2009520002 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2000074738 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2007071886 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2007102859 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2007117284 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2008075282 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2009042732 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2009090074 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2009090242 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2011001217 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2012030984 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2012030993 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2013044098 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2013070302 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2013076450 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2013158844 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015068859 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2017083398 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2017117438 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2020067582 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2020212828 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
International Preliminary Report on Patentability dated Mar. 23, 2021 for PCT/JP2019/039031 (9 pages). [cited by applicant]
English Translation of Office Action mailed Nov. 26, 2023 in corresponding Taiwan Application No. 108134831. [cited by applicant]
Agache et al., “Mechanical properties and Young's modulus of human skin in vivo,” Archives of Dermatological Research, 269:3 (1980) 221-232. [cited by applicant]
Andisil XL Two Part RTV, one page, Revision Date Feb. 2022. Downloaded Mar. 13, 2023. [cited by applicant]
Andisil: Specialty Silicones for Dental Solutions (www.andisil.com/test-site.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/ABSS-Silicone-for-Dental-Applications.pdf); 8 pages; upload dated Dec. 2017. [cited by applicant]
Brook et al. (2007) “Pretreatment of Liquid Silicone Rubbers to Remove Volatile Siloxanes,” Ind. Enq. Chem. Res. 46:8796-8805. [cited by applicant]
Correct Combo, [retrieved on Dec. 10, 2014 from on-line website http://www.d ruas.com/otc/122754/correct-com bo.html]. [cited by applicant]
Croll, S.G., “Adhesion Loss Due to Internal Strain,” Journal of Coatings Technology, 52:665 (1980) 35-43. [cited by applicant]
Francis et al., “Development and measurement of stress in polymer coatings,” Journal of Materials Science, 37 (2002) 4717-4731. [cited by applicant]
Fumed Silica: retrieved from internet: http://www.powerchemcorp.com/library/public/fumed_silica/SiSiB_Fumed_Silica.pdf. Retrieved on Sep. 4, 2016. [cited by applicant]
Gelest, Safety Data Sheet HMS-301 (2014) pp. 1-5. [cited by applicant]
Grahame, “A Method for Measuring Human Skin Elasticity in Vivo with Observations on the Effects of Age, Sex and Pregnancy,” Clinical Science, 39 (1970) 223-238. [cited by applicant]
Herrling et al., “Cerium Dioxide: Future UV-filter in Sunscreen,” retrieved from the internet on Aug. 6, 2018: < http://www.gematria-test-lab.com/pdf_2013/article05-2013.pdf>. [cited by applicant]
Hwang, S.M et al. (2001). “Basis of Occlusive Therapy in Psoriasis: Correcting Defects in Permeability Barrier and Calcium Gradient,” International Journal of Dermatology 40:223-231. [cited by applicant]
Jachowicz et al., “Alteration of skin mechanics by thin polymer films,” Skin Research and Technology, 14:3 (2008) 312-319. [cited by applicant]
Johnson Matthey Online Catalog, “Karstedt Catalysts”, CAS No. 68478-92-2, retrieved from the internet on Apr. 21, 2021 at <https://matthey.com/en/products-and-services/previous-metal-chemicals/platinum-chemicals/karsted… [cited by applicant]
Klykken, P. et al. (2004). “Silicone Film-Forming Technologies for Health Care Applications,” Dow Corning; 8pp. [cited by applicant]
Leow, Y-H et al. (1997, e-pub. Jul. 12, 2009). “Effect of Occlusion on Skin,” Journal of Dermatoloaical Treatment 8(2):139-142. [cited by applicant]
Liquid Silicone Rubber: Global Product Selection Guide: retrieved from internet: https://www.dowcorning.com/content/publishedlit/95-1226-lsr-selection-guide.pdf. Retrieved on Sep. 4, 2016. [cited by applicant]
Ostergaard, Dow Corning SA, Next Generation Rheology Control rings New Formulation Options for Personal Care, pp. 1-6:2008. [cited by applicant]
Quartz Powder: retrieved from internet: http://www.cosmeticanalysis.com/cosmeticinaredients/auartz-powder.html. Retrieved on Sep. 3, 2016. [cited by applicant]
Ritzhaupt-Kleissl et al., “Material Properties of Polymer Nanoparticle Composites for Micro Optical Applications,” NSTI-Nanotech, vol. 2 (2006) 852-855. [cited by applicant]
Sigma-Aldrich, Poly (dimethylsiloxane-co-methylhydrosiloxane), trimethylsilyl terminated Product Sheet, poly(dimethylsiloxane-co-methylhydrosiloxane) trimethylsilyl terminated, http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/eatafog/produc… [cited by applicant]
Silc Pig: retrieved from internet: https://www.smooth-on.com/product-line/silc-pig/. Retrieved on Sep. 4, 2016. [cited by applicant]
Silicones Plus product list [retrieved Dec. 10, 2014 on-line] Website: http://siliconesplus.com/storaae/Silicones%_20Pius%20Brochure_1.pdf. [cited by applicant]
TraumaSkin FX™ Platinum Silicone Sculpting/Casting Medium: retrieved from internet: http://web.archive.org/web/20100407000529/http://www.paintandpowderstore.com/products.php?cat=47. Retrieved on Sep. 4, 2016. [cited by applicant]
TraumaSkin FX™ Platinum Silicone Sculpting/Casting Medium: retrieved from internet: http://web.archive.org/web/201004008110519/http://www.paintandpowderstore.com/proddetail.php?prod =MM-1002&cat=47. Retrieved on Apr. 25… [cited by applicant]
Yu, Betty et al., “An Elastic Second Skin,” Nature Materials (May 9, 2016) pp. 1-10. [cited by applicant]
Zhai, H. et al. (2001). “Effects of Skin Occlusion on Percutaneous Absorption: An Overview,” Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 14(1):1-10. [cited by applicant]
Zhai, H. et al. (2002) “Occlusion vs. Skin Barrier Function,” Skin Research and Technology 8:1-6. [cited by applicant]
Zou, Xuefeng et al., “Mechanisms of the Antimicrobial Activities of Graphene Materials,” [cited by applicant]
Zuo, Yujing et al., “Sunlight-induced cross-linked luminescent films based on polysiloxanes and D-Limonene via Thiol-ene “Click” Chemistry”, [cited by applicant]
European Search Report mailed Mar. 16, 2015 in corresponding Application No. EP11822576. [cited by applicant]
Extended European Search Report dated Aug. 27, 2019 for European App. No. 16864921.8. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report mailed Apr. 19, 2012 for International Application No. PCT/US2011/050003. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report mailed Apr. 30, 2012 for International Application No. PCT/US2011/050016. [cited by applicant]
Written Opinion mailed Apr. 30, 2012 for International Application No. PCT/US2011/050016. [cited by applicant]
International Preliminary Report on Patentability mailed Mar. 5, 2013 for International Application No. PCT/US2011/050016. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report mailed Dec. 3, 2012 for International Application No. PCT/US2012/056667. [cited by applicant]
Written Opinion mailed Dec. 3, 2012 for International Application No. PCT/US2012/056667. [cited by applicant]
International Preliminary Report on Patentability mailed Mar. 25, 2014 for International Application No. PCT/US2012/056667. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report mailed Nov. 13, 2014 for International Application No. PCT/US2013/037116. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report mailed Jan. 25, 2017 for International Application No. PCT/US2016/061150. [cited by applicant]
Written Opinion mailed Jan. 25, 2017 for International Application No. PCT/US2016/061150. [cited by applicant]
International Preliminary Report on Patentability dated Mar. 23, 2021 for International Application No. PCT/JP2019/039031 (8 pages). [cited by applicant]
Japanese Office Action dated Apr. 5, 2022 for Application No. JP 2021-118522 (with English translation). [cited by applicant]
Japanese Office Action, Application No. JP 2013-527273, date of mailing Jun. 23, 2015 (with English translation). [cited by applicant]