Apparatus, system and method of providing a FFF printing nozzle
An apparatus, system and method for providing a nozzle having refined print control and enhanced printing speed by providing, on the inside or outside or on an interstitial substrate layer, of any metallic or non-metallic nozzle of a non-conductive surface suitable to support sensors relevant to the FFF process. Heat, force, flow, strain, stress, extrusion force, and like sensors may be provided on the inside or the outside of any nozzle, or on an interstitial substrate layer on the inside or outside of any nozzle. The sensors may be provided about the center access through the nozzle, longitudinally along the center access of the nozzle, or at any of various points along the nozzle, wherein the placement or shape of such sensors may vary in accordance with the type of sensing to be performed by the subject sensor.
1. A nozzle for heating and extruding thermoplastic filament into the successive layers to form a three-dimensional (3D) print, comprising:
a central metal cylinder that is suitable to receive the thermoplastic filament at a first end thereof, and suitable to pass the thermoplastic filament therethrough until the thermoplastic filament is melted and extruded from a second end thereof, the second end being longitudinally distal from the first end along the central metal chamber;
a first ceramic coating applied to and around at least a portion of an outer wall of the central metal cylinder;
a strain gauge that is coupled to a surface of the first ceramic coating in contact with the outer wall of the central metal cylinder, to sense deformation of the outer wall;
an inductive heating sheath wrapped around and axially along the central metal cylinder and insulated from the central metal cylinder by the first ceramic coating, wherein the inductive heating sheath is suitable to cause the melt of the thermoplastic filament as the thermoplastic filament passes axially through the central metal cylinder; and
a heat source that is operatively coupled with the inductive heating sheath for the melting of the thermoplastic filament, selected from the group consisting of radio frequencies, microwaves, ultrasound, and infrared.