IP Library Granted Patent US 12,508,890
Granted Patent B2
US 12,508,890 · App. 17/651,542 · Granted Dec 30, 2025

Electric bus

Inventors: Dale Hill (New Braunfels, TX); Michael Walker (Daly City, CA); Shaun Onorato (Superior, CO); Donald Morris (Littleton, CO); Stephen Misencik (Raleigh, NC); John Winkel (Thornton, CO)
Assignee: Phoenix Motor, Inc.
B60K1/04B60L3/0046B60L50/62B60L50/64B60L50/66B60L53/11B60L58/12B60L58/18B60L58/21B60L58/26B60R16/04B60W10/24B62D29/00B62D29/02B62D47/02H01M4/485H01M10/052H01M10/42H01M10/4207H01M10/613H01M50/24H01M50/249H01M50/509B60K2001/0438B60K6/20B60L2200/18B60L2200/26B60L2200/28B60L2270/40B60Y2200/14B60Y2200/1432B60Y2200/15H01M2010/4271H01M50/209H01M50/516H01M2220/20Y02E60/10Y02T10/62Y02T10/70Y02T10/7072Y02T90/12Y02T90/14
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,508,890
App. No.
17/651,542
Granted
Dec 30, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

A low-floor electric bus includes a plurality of battery packs mounted under the floor of such that the floor inside the bus between a front axle and a rear axle of the bus is substantially flat. Each battery pack may include an enclosure and multiple battery modules positioned within the enclosure. And, each battery module may include a plurality of battery cells electrically connected together.

Claims (29)

1 . A low-floor electric bus comprising:

a body comprising a composite material;

a floor including at least one compartment housing an electrochemical battery system; and

one or more battery packs of the electrochemical battery system mounted in the at least one compartment in the floor such that the floor inside the low-floor electric bus between a front axle and a rear axle of the low-floor electric bus is substantially flat, and wherein the battery packs are configured to be charged by an off board charging system.

2 . The low-floor electric bus of claim 1 , the composite material of the body comprises carbon fiber.

3 . The low-floor electric bus of claim 1 , wherein the composite material is a lightweight, non-metallic material.

4 . The low-floor electric bus of claim 1 , wherein the body is molded out of one piece.

5 . The low-floor electric bus of claim 1 , wherein the body is molded out of a plurality of pieces.

6 . The low-floor electric bus of claim 5 , wherein the one or more electrochemical battery packs comprise lithium.

7 . The low-floor electric bus of claim 6 , wherein each of the one or more battery packs is fluidly coupled to a cooling system of the bus.

8 . The low-floor electric bus of claim 1 , wherein each of the one or more battery packs has a height of 8 inches or less.

9 . The low-floor electric bus of claim 8 , wherein each of the one or more battery packs includes a cooling plate adapted to cool the battery pack.

10 . The low-floor electric bus of claim 1 , wherein the low-floor electric bus is a transit bus.

11 . The low-floor electric bus of claim 1 , wherein a passenger to driver ratio of the low-floor electric bus is configured to be greater than 15:1.

12 . A transit bus comprising:

a body including a composite material comprising carbon fiber, the body including multiple doors for passenger ingress and egress;

a substantially flat floor including multiple compartments for housing one or more electrochemical battery packs; and

the one or more electrochemical battery packs including a plurality of battery modules each including a plurality of lithium battery cells, the battery packs configured to be managed by a battery management system and mounted in the floor such that the floor inside the transit bus between a front axle and a rear axle of the transit bus is substantially flat, wherein the battery packs are configured to be charged by an off board charging system.

13 . The transit bus of claim 12 , comprising three doors for passenger ingress and egress.

14 . The transit bus of claim 12 , wherein the battery pack includes two rows of four battery modules in each row.

15 . The transit bus of claim 12 , wherein a main structure of the transit bus body comprises a composite material.

16 . The transit bus of claim 12 , wherein the transit bus comprises three axles.

17 . A low-floor electric transit bus comprising:

a body including one or more walls or a roof made of a composite material;

a floor including multiple compartments opening from below the bus for housing an electrochemical battery system; and

one or more battery packs of the electrochemical battery system configured to fit in one or more of the multiple compartments and each comprising a plurality of cells, the battery packs being mounted in the floor such that the floor inside the low-floor transit bus in an area between a front axle and a rear axle of the low-floor electric transit bus is substantially flat.

18 . The low-floor electric transit bus of claim 17 , wherein a capacity of each of the plurality of cells is greater than 50 Ah.

19 . The low-floor electric transit bus of claim 17 , wherein the low-floor electric vehicle body is made from composite materials and non-composite materials.

20 . The low-floor electric transit bus of claim 17 , wherein a capacity of the transit bus is greater than 35 people.

Assignments (5)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Mar 26, 2026
From: PHOENIX MOTOR, INC.
To: PHOENIXEV INC.
Reel/Frame 074190/0454 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Nov 26, 2025
From: HILL, DALE; WALKER, MICHAEL; ONORATO, SHAUN; MORRIS, DONALD; MISENCIK, STEPHEN; WINKEL, JOHN
To: PROTERRA LLC
Reel/Frame 073047/0713 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Nov 26, 2025
From: PROTERRA OPERATING COMPANY, INC.
To: PHOENIX MOTOR, INC.
Reel/Frame 073047/0807 →
CHANGE OF NAME Recorded Jun 6, 2022
From: PROTERRA LLC
To: PROTERRA INC.
Reel/Frame 060284/0746 →
CHANGE OF NAME Recorded Apr 25, 2022
From: PROTERRA INC.
To: PROTERRA OPERATING COMPANY, INC.
Reel/Frame 059789/0254 →
Continuity (7)
Continuation 16601801 · Oct 15, 2019
Continuation 15589170 · May 8, 2017
Continuation 14992900 · Jan 11, 2016
Continuation 13887135 · May 3, 2013
Continuation 12459074 · Jun 26, 2009
Provisional Application 61076480 · Jun 27, 2008
Related Publication 20220169105A1 · Jun 2, 2022
References Cited (112)
US 421639A · Watkins · 1890 [cited by applicant]
US 3955657A · Bossi · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 4109064A · Warner et al. · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4216839A · Gould et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 5301765A · Swanson · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5362345A · Stettler et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5363939A · Catlin · 1994 [cited by examiner]
US 5385793A · Tiedemann et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5501289A · Nishikawa · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5619417A · Kendall · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5666040A · Boubeau · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5670861A · Nor · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5705929A · Caravello et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5833023A · Shimizu · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5850136A · Kaneko · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5886503A · McAndrews et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5993993A · Hall · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6040080A · Minami et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6065261A · Fehr et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6085854A · Nishikawa · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6104967A · Hagen et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6227125B1 · Schroeder et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6232015B1 · Wyser · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6284404B1 · Horie et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6329093B1 · Ohara · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6340202B1 · Stanton et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6375249B1 · Stanton · 2002 [cited by examiner]
US 6375923B1 · Duyvesteyn et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6440383B1 · Duyvesteyn et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6489753B1 · Patterson · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6518735B2 · Nourai et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6548039B1 · Duyvesteyn et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6554348B1 · Gernstein · 2003 [cited by examiner]
US 6631775B1 · Chaney · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6689716B2 · Sabacky et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6773842B2 · Liu et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6837325B2 · Shimizu · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6879889B2 · Ross · 2005 [cited by examiner]
US 6881393B2 · Spitler et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6890510B2 · Spitler et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6974566B2 · Sabacky et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6982073B2 · Sabacky et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7025166B2 · Thomas · 2006 [cited by examiner]
US 7082772B2 · Welch · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7256516B2 · Buchanan · 2007 [cited by examiner]
US 7353900B2 · Abe et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7400113B2 · Osborne · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7419209B1 · Mangiapane · 2008 [cited by examiner]
US 7520355B2 · Chaney · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7541016B2 · Gorshkov et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7712563B2 · Niebuhr · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7997368B2 · Takasaki et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8012620B2 · Takaski et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8022666B2 · Li · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8413752B2 · Page et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8453773B2 · Hill · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 9252417B2 · Hill · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9680139B2 · Hill · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 10505164B2 · Hill · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20010046624A1 · Goto et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 20020081489A1 · Ng · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20030017104A1 · Spitler et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030118891A1 · Saito et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20040134699A1 · Shimizu · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050110460A1 · Arai et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050132562A1 · Saito · 2005 [cited by examiner]
US 20050178632A1 · Ross · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050214466A1 · Prochazka et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20060040173A1 · Shimamura et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060068272A1 · Takami et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060149427A1 · Evans · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20070062744A1 · Weidenheimer et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070087266A1 · Bourke et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070149405A1 · Spitler · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070190369A1 · Leach et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070196728A1 · Yang · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070284159A1 · Takami et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20080036240A1 · Lusk · 2008 [cited by examiner]
US 20080067972A1 · Takami et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080113264A1 · Inagaki et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080118819A1 · Gamboa et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080258676A1 · Lin · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080297109A1 · Sandberg et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20090175940A1 · Gruber · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090242299A1 · Takasaki et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090320715A1 · Morita et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20130000997A1 · Peng et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
CN 1482971 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
CN 101011941 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
DE 3909861 · 1990 [cited by applicant]
DE 202005015123 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
EP 2065241 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
FR 2687352 · 1993 [cited by applicant]
FR 2687353 · 1993 [cited by applicant]
JP H10162797 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
JP H11120975 · 1999 [cited by applicant]
JP 2000102103 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
JP 2001016706 · 2001 [cited by applicant]
JP 2003017107 · 2003 [cited by applicant]
JP 2004234987 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
JP 2004248455 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
JP 2005289252 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
JP 2007273181 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
JP 2007282375 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
JP 2007335157 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
JP 2008513949 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
JP 2008130424 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2008035511 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
TCRP Synthesis 2, Low-Floor Transit Buses, Rolland D. King, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C 1997, pp. 1-43. [cited by applicant]
European search report and opinion dated Jul. 31, 2012 for EP application No. 09771205.3. [cited by applicant]
International search report dated Jan. 27, 2010 for PCT Application No. US2009/48952. [cited by applicant]
Partial Search Report and Provisional Opinion dated May 3, 2017 for EP Application No. 15183066.8 (17 pages. [cited by applicant]