IP Library Granted Patent US 12,611,399
Granted Patent B2
US 12,611,399 · App. 17/734,102 · Granted Apr 28, 2026

Movement disorders

Inventors: Robert Barrow (Madison, WI); Daniel R. Karlin (New York, NY)
Assignee: Definium Therapeutics US, Inc.
A61K31/437A61K31/4045A61K45/06A61P25/14
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,611,399
App. No.
17/734,102
Granted
Apr 28, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

A method of treating movement disorders, by administering an effective amount of a psychedelic to an individual having a movement disorder, and treating the movement disorder.

Claims (7)

1 . A method of treating Essential Tremor, comprising administering to an individual lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) at a dose of 10-1000 μg or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, isomer, or deuterated form thereof.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the administration of LSD reduces undesired movement or tremors.

3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the administration of LSD eliminates undesired movement or tremors.

4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein LSD is administered as a single dose.

5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the Essential Tremor is an action tremor.

6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the individual is administered a salt of LSD.

7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the individual is administered LSD tartrate.

Assignments (2)
CHANGE OF NAME Recorded Jan 26, 2026
From: MIND MEDICINE, INC.
To: DEFINIUM THERAPEUTICS US, INC.
Reel/Frame 074489/0176 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded May 6, 2022
From: BARROW, ROBERT; KARLIN, DANIEL R.
To: MIND MEDICINE, INC.
Reel/Frame 059837/0743 →
Continuity (2)
Provisional Application 63183771 · May 4, 2021
Related Publication 20220354831A1 · Nov 10, 2022
References Cited (400)
US 1394233A · Stoll · 1921 [cited by applicant]
US 2090429A · Stoll et al. · 1937 [cited by applicant]
US 2090430A · Stoll et al. · 1937 [cited by applicant]
US 2265207A · Stoll et al. · 1941 [cited by applicant]
US 2438259A · Stroll et al. · 1948 [cited by applicant]
US 2447214A · Stoll et al. · 1948 [cited by applicant]
US 2736728A · Pioch · 1956 [cited by applicant]
US 2774763A · William · 1956 [cited by applicant]
US 2796419A · Kornfeld et al. · 1957 [cited by applicant]
US 2809920A · Arthur et al. · 1957 [cited by applicant]
US 2997470A · Pioch · 1961 [cited by applicant]
US 3038840A · Boris et al. · 1962 [cited by applicant]
US 3085092A · Hofmann et al. · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3239530A · Albert et al. · 1966 [cited by applicant]
US 4439196A · Higuchi · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4447224A · DeCant, Jr. et al. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4447233A · Mayfield · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4475196A · La Zor · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4486194A · Ferrara · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4487603A · Harris · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4925678A · Ranney · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4959217A · Sanders et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 5167616A · Haak et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5169383A · Gyory et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5225182A · Sharma · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 6063908A · Salamone et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6476199B1 · Salamone et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6794496B2 · Ghoshal et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 7157560B2 · Ghoshal et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7566549B2 · Ghoshal et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 11364221B2 · Liechti · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11697651B2 · Muratore et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11717517B2 · Liechti et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11896670B2 · Trachsel et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 11958821B2 · Clark · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 11959929B2 · Liechti et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 11963946B2 · Liechti · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 11993577B2 · Fawaz et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 12036220B2 · Mack et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 12521385B2 · Mack et al. · 2026 [cited by applicant]
US 20010044118A1 · Ghoshal et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 20030143655A1 · McConnell et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20060223998A1 · Zhang et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20070027208A1 · Caron et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20130287705A1 · Khan et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20180036303A1 · Raz · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180055791A1 · Nichols et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20190350949A1 · Küçüksen et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20200048205A1 · Xiong et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200085816A1 · Raz · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200222656A1 · Rustick · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200323795A1 · Glue et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200397752A1 · Perez Castillo · 2020 [cited by examiner]
US 20210085671A1 · Chadeayne · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210267977A1 · Liechti · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210315884A1 · Liechti et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210346341A1 · Liechti · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210386704A1 · Liechti et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20220024956A1 · Slassi et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220096429A1 · Liechti · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220128580A1 · Liechti et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220143051A1 · Manfredi et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220151986A1 · Liechti et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220273628A1 · Liechti et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220273644A1 · Ribeiro et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220280501A1 · Liechti et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220323405A1 · Liechti · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220347169A1 · Liechti et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220347195A1 · Barrow et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220348575A1 · Levy et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220354822A1 · Barrow et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220362237A1 · Barrow et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220395499A1 · Karlin et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20230026731A1 · Kochinke et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230039395A1 · Liechti et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230059204A1 · Plakogiannis et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230064429A1 · Mack et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230066171A1 · Trachsel et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230075847A1 · Mack et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230088860A1 · Muratore et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230096116A1 · Fawaz et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230097530A1 · Short et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230107398A1 · Mack et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230116703A1 · Kruegel · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230122949A1 · Mack et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230201160A1 · Liechti · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230210762A1 · Ameri et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230218532A1 · Mack et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230218568A1 · Liechti · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230219955A1 · Sheshbaradaran et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230226019A1 · Barrow et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230226020A1 · Barrow et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230227420A1 · Rao et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230227422A1 · Duncton et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230233688A1 · Liechti et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230248705A1 · Gobbi et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230278977A1 · Fawaz et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230285384A1 · Liechti et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230285386A1 · Mack et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230286975A1 · Grill · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230301985A1 · Barrow et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230310368A1 · Barrow et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230330085A1 · Liechti et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230346645A1 · Barrow et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230355575A1 · Liechti et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230414583A1 · Trachsel et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230416219A1 · Schneider et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20240010628A1 · Schneider et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20240041860A1 · Dolen et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20240115710A1 · Trachsel et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20240285576A1 · Smagin · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20240285577A1 · Nair et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20250019359A1 · Schneider et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20250152565A1 · Liechti et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20250312309A1 · Trachsel et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20250345323A1 · Mack et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
EP 0816364A1 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
EP 1148339A2 · 2001 [cited by applicant]
FR 1338023A · 1963 [cited by applicant]
GB 579484A · 1946 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2006010587A1 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2006128658A1 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2014059197A1 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO 2019246532 · 2019 [cited by third party]
WO WO2020181194A1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
WO 2020212948 · 2020 [cited by third party]
WO 2020212951 · 2020 [cited by third party]
WO WO2020212952A1 · 2020 [cited by examiner]
WO WO2020232255A1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2021019023A1 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2021173273A1 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2021211358A1 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2021225796A1 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2021243461A1 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2021257169A1 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022008627A2 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022023812A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022023813A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022084892A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022106947A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022107095A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022150525A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022175821A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022189907A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022214889A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022221942A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022226408A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022232093A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022235500A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022235529A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022235530A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022235531A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022261058A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2022265878A1 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023283373A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023283386A2 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023012524A2 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023023182A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023023192A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023028022A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023043870A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023092044A2 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023107966A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023108277A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023114529A2 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023115006A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023131841A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023183618A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023212244A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023250247A2 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2023250298A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2024011067A2 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2024033910A1 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2024054688A2 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2024091506A2 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2024123706A1 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2024182074A1 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2024196772A2 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2024206000A2 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2024229454A2 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2024238035A1 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2024253775A1 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2024263978A1 · 2024 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2025128594A1 · 2025 [cited by applicant]
Szabo et al., Psychedelic N, N-Dimethyltryptamine and 5-Methoxy-N, N-Dimethyltryptamine Modulate Innate and Adaptive Inflammatory Responses through the Sigma-1 Receptor of Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells, PLOS On… [cited by examiner]
Nguyen et al., Role of sigma-1 receptors in neurodegenerative diseases, Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 2015, 127, pp. 17-29 (Year: 2015). [cited by examiner]
Szabo et al., Psychedelics and immunomodulation: novel approaches and therapeutic opportunities, Frontiers in Immunology, 2015 , 6(358), pp. 1-11 (Year: 2015). [cited by examiner]
Butler et al., Psychedelic treatment of functional neurological disorder: a systematic review, Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, 2020, 10, pp. 1-15 (Year: 2020). [cited by examiner]
Brammer et al., Interactions between 3,4-ethylenedioxymethamphetamine and σ1 receptors, European Journal of Pharmacology, 2006, pp. 141-145 (Year: 2006). [cited by examiner]
Logigian, Does Tremor Pace Repetitive Voluntary Motor Behavior in Parkinson's Disease?, Annals of Neurology, 1991, 30(2), pp. 172-179 (Year: 1991). [cited by examiner]
Lopez-Sendon et al., Drug-induced parkinsonism, Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2013, 4, pp. 487-496 (Year: 2013). [cited by examiner]
Pitts et al., (±)-MDMA and its enantiomers: potential therapeutic advantages of R(−)-MDMA, Psychopharmacology, 2018, 235, pp. 377-392 (Year: 2018). [cited by examiner]
Adams et al., “Patterns of exploration in rats distinguish lisuride from lysergic acid diethylamide.” Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior (1985); 23(3): 461-468. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(85)90022-x. [cited by applicant]
Aghajanian et al., “Serotonin and Hallucinogens.” Neuropsychopharmacology (1999); 21(2):16S-23S. doi: 10.1016/S0893-133X(98)00135-3. [cited by applicant]
Aghajanian et al., “Serotonin Induces Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials in Apical Dendrites of Neocortical Pyramidal Cells”, Neuropharmacology (1997); 36(4-5): 589-599. doi: 10.1016/s0028-3908(97)00051-8. [cited by applicant]
Aghajanian et al., “Persistence of lysergic acid diethylamide in the plasma of human subjects”, Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (1964); 5: 611-614. doi: 10.1002/cpt196455611. [cited by applicant]
Alaka et al., “Efficacy and safety of duloxetine in the treatment of older adult patients with generalized anxiety disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial”, International Journal of Geriatric Psyc… [cited by applicant]
Alexander et al., “LSD: Injection early in pregnancy produces abnormalities in offspring in rats”, Science (1967); 157: 459-460. doi: 10.1126/science.157.3787.459. [cited by applicant]
Alexander et al., “Lysergic acid diethylamide intake in pregnancy: Fetal damage in rats”, The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (1970); 173: 48-59. [cited by applicant]
Allgulander et al., “Efficacy of sertraline in a 12-week trial for generalized anxiety disorder”, American Journal of Psychiatry (Sep. 2004); 161(9): 1642-1649. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.9.1642. [cited by applicant]
Anderson et al., “Absolute configuration and psychotomimetic activity”, ‘QuaSAR’ Research Monograph, National Institute on Drug Abuse (1978); 22: 8-15. [cited by applicant]
Ansara. “Management of treatment-resistant generalized anxiety disorder”, Mental Health Clinician (2020); 10(6): 326-334. doi: 10.9740/mhc.2020.11.326. [cited by applicant]
Ansseau et al., “Controlled comparison of tianeptine, alprazolam and mianserin in the treatment of adjustment disorders with anxiety and depression”, Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental (1996); 11(4): 293… [cited by applicant]
Antkiewicz-Michaluk et al., “Ca2+ channel blockade prevents lysergic acid diethylamine-induced changes in dopamine and serotonin metabolism”, European Journal of Pharmacology (1997); 332(1): 9-14. doi: 10.1016/s0014-299… [cited by applicant]
Appel et al., “Analyzing mechanism(s) of hallucinogenic drug action with drug discrimination procedures”, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (1982); 6(4): 529-536. doi: 10.1016/0149-7634(82)90036-7. [cited by applicant]
Appel et al., “LSD, 5-HT (serotonin), and the evolution of a behavioral assay”, Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews (2004); 27(8): 693-701. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2003.11.012. [cited by applicant]
Auerbach et al., “Lysergic acid diethylamine: effect on embryos”, Science (1967); 157: 1325-1326. doi: 10.1126/science.157.3794.1325. [cited by applicant]
Axelrod et al., “The distribution and metabolism of lysergic acid diethylamide.” Annals New York Academy of Sciences, 1957; 66(3): 435-444. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1957.tb40739.x. [cited by applicant]
Babor et al., “The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Guidelines for Use in Primary Care, Second Edition”, World Health Organization, Department of Mental Health and Substance Dependence (2001) [online] https://… [cited by applicant]
Bailey et al., “Distinction of Some Dialkyl Amides of Lysergic and iso-Lysergic Acids from LSD”, Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (1973); 56(1): 88-99. [cited by applicant]
Baker et al., “Molecular structure of LSD”, Science (1972); 178(4061): 614-615. doi: 10.1126/science.178.4061.614. [cited by applicant]
Bandelow et al., “Epidemiology of anxiety disorders in the 21st century”, Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience (2015); 17(3): 327-335. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2015.17.3/bbandelow. [cited by applicant]
Barnett. “Diazepam treatment for L.S.D. intoxication”, Lancet (1971); 2: 270; 1 page. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)92616-x. [cited by applicant]
Barrett et al., “Serotonin 2A receptor signaling underlies LSD-induced alteration of the neural response to dynamic changes in music”, Cerebral Cortex (2018); 28(11): 3939-3950. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhx257. [cited by applicant]
Barrett et al., “Validation of the revised Mystical Experience Questionnaire in experimental sessions with psilocybin”, Journal of Psychopharmacology (2015); 29(11): 1182-1190. doi: 10.1177/0269881115609019. Epub Oct. 6… [cited by applicant]
Baumeister et al., “Classical hallucinogens as antidepressants? A review of pharmacodynamics and putative clinical roles”, Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology (2014); 4(4): 156-169. doi: 10.1177/2045125314527985. [cited by applicant]
Bedard et al., “The ‘wet dog shake’ behaviour in the rat and 5 hydroxytryptamine”, British Journal of Pharmacology (1977); 59(3): 450P-451P; 2 pages. [cited by applicant]
Ben-Jonathan et al., “What can we learn from rodents about prolactin in humans?”, Endocrine Reviews (2008); 29(1): 1-41. doi: 10.1210/er.2007-0017. Epub Dec. 5, 2007. [cited by applicant]
Bercel et al., “Model Psychoses Induced by LSD-25 in Normals: I. Psychophysiological Investigations, with Special Reference to the Mechanism of the Paranoid Reaction”, AMA Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry (1956); 75… [cited by applicant]
Berman et al., “Evaluation of the Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) in criminal justice and detoxification settings and in a Swedish population sample”, European Addiction Research (2005); 11(1): 22-31. doi… [cited by applicant]
Bershad et al., “Acute Subjective and Behavioral Effects of Microdoses of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide in Healthy Human Volunteers”, Biological Psychiatry (2019); 86(10): 792-800. doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.05.019. [cited by applicant]
Bershad et al., “Preliminary report on the effects of a low dose of LSD on resting-state amygdala Functional connectivity”, Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (2020); 5(4): 461-467. doi: 10.1… [cited by applicant]
Boess et al., “Interaction of tryptamine and ergoline compounds with threonine 196 in the ligand binding site of the 5-hydroxytryptamine6 receptor”, Molecular Pharmacology (1997); 52: 515-523. doi: 10.1124/mol.52.3.515. [cited by applicant]
Boess et al., “Molecular biology of 5-HT receptors”, Neuropharmacology (1994); 33(3/4): 275-317. doi: 10.1016/0028-3908(94)90059-0. [cited by applicant]
Bogenschutz et al., “Psilocybin-assisted treatment for alcohol dependence: a proof-of-concept study.” Journal of Psychopharmacology (Mar. 2015); 29(3): 289-299. doi: 10.1177/0269881114565144. Epub Jan. 13, 2015. [cited by applicant]
Bonson et al., “Alterations in responses to LSD in humans associated with chronic administration of tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors or lithium”, Behavioural Brain Research (1996); 73(1-2): 229-23… [cited by applicant]
Bonson et al., “Chronic administration of serotonergic antidepressants attenuates the subjective effects of LSD in humans”, Neuropsychopharmacology (1996); 14(6): 425-436. doi: 10.1016/0893-133X(95)00145-4. [cited by applicant]
Boyd et al., “Preliminary studies of the metabolism of lysergic acid diethylamide using radioactive carbon-marked molecules”, Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease (1955); 122(5): 470-471. doi: 10.1097/00005053-19551100… [cited by applicant]
Boyd. “Preliminary Studies on the Metabolism of LSD”, In: Cholden, L. (ed), Proceedings of the Round Table on Lysergic Acid Diethylamide and Mescaline in Experimental Psychiatry, Grune & Stratton, New York and London (1… [cited by applicant]
Boyd. “The metabolism of lysergic acid diethylamide”, Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie (Jul. 1959); 120: 292-311. [cited by applicant]
Brandt et al., “Return of the lysergamides. Part II: analytical and behavioural characterization of N6-allyl-6-norlysergic acid diethylamide (AL-LAD) and (2′S, 4′S)-lysergic acid 2, 4-dimethylazetidide (LSZ)”, Drug Test… [cited by applicant]
Brandt et al., “Return of the lysergamides. Part VI: Analytical and behavioural characterization of 1-cyclopropanoyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide (1CP-LSD)”, Drug Testing and Analysis (2020); 12(6): 812-826. doi: 10.100… [cited by applicant]
Bretz et al., “Combining multiple comparisons and modeling techniques in dose-response studies”, Biometrics (2005); 61(3): 738-748. doi: 10.1111/j.1541-0420.2005.00344.x. [cited by applicant]
Bruss et al., “Hamilton anxiety rating scale interview guide: Joint interview and test-retest methods for interrater reliability”, Psychiatry Research (1994); 53: 191-202. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(94)90110-4. [cited by applicant]
Buchborn et al., “Tolerance to lysergic acid diethylamide: Overview, correlates, and clinical implications.” Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misabuse, vol. 2, Chapter 79 (2016): 846-858. [cited by applicant]
Bunzow et al., “Amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, lysergic acid diethylamide, and metabolites of the catecholamine neurotransmitters are Agonists of a rat trace amine receptor”, Molecular Pharmacology (200… [cited by applicant]
Butler, et al., “Psychedelic treatment of functional neurological disorder: a systematic review”, Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology (2020); 10: 1-15. doi: 10.1177/2045125320912125. [cited by applicant]
Buysse et al., “The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research”, Psychiatry Research (1989); 28(2): 193-213. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4. [cited by applicant]
Cai et al., “Elucidation of LSD in vitro metabolism by liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis coupled with tandem mass spectrometry”, The Journal of Analytical Toxicology (Jan./Feb. 1996); 20: 27-37. doi: 1… [cited by applicant]
Canezin et al., “Determination of LSD and its metabolites in human biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry”, Journal of Chromatography B (2001); 765(1): 15-… [cited by applicant]
Cao et al., “Structure-based discovery of nonhallucinogenic psychedelic analogs”, Science (2022); 375(6579): 403-411. doi: 10.1126/science.abl8615. Epub Jan. 27, 2022. [cited by applicant]
Carhart-Harris et al., “LSD enhances suggestibility in healthy volunteers”, Psychopharmacology (Berl) (Feb. 2015); 232(4): 785-794. doi: 10.1007/s00213-014-3714-z. Epub Sep. 23, 2014. [cited by applicant]
Carhart-Harris et al., “Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: six-month follow-up”, Psychopharmacology (2018); 235: 399-408. doi: 10.1007/s00213-017-4771-x. Epub Nov. 8, 2017. [cited by applicant]
Carhart-Harris et al., “The paradoxical psychological effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)”, Psychological Medicine (2016); 46(7): 1379-1390. doi: 10.1017/S0033291715002901. Epub Feb. 5, 2016. [cited by applicant]
Cerny et al., “Mutterkornalkaloide XIX. Über die Verwendung von N, N′- Carbonyldiimidazol zur Synthese der D-Lysergsäure-, D-Dihydrolysergsäure (I)-und 1-Methyl-D-dihydrolysergsaure (I) amide”, Collection of Czechoslova… [cited by applicant]
Chen et al., “Anxiety in Parkinson's disease: identification and management”, Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders (Jan. 2014); 7(1): 52-59. doi: 10.1177/1756285613495723. [cited by applicant]
Cohen et al., “Chromosomal Damage in Human Leukocytes Induced by Lysergic Acid Diethylamide”, Science (1967); 155(3768): 1417-1419. doi: 10.1126/science.155.3768.1417. [cited by applicant]
Cohen et al., “Genetic toxicology of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25)”, Mutation Research/Reviews in Genetic Toxicology (1977); 47(3-4): 183-209. doi: 10.1016/0165-1110(77)90003-3. [cited by applicant]
Cohen et al., “In vivo and in vitro chromosomal damage induced by LSD-25”, New England Journal of Medicine (Nov. 16, 1967); 277(20): 1043-1049. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196711162772001. [cited by applicant]
Cohen et al., “Meiotic chromosome damage induced by LSD-25”, Nature (1968); 219: 1072-1074. doi: 10.1038/2191072a0. [cited by applicant]
Collu et al., “Endocrine effects of chronic administration of psychoactive drugs to prepubertal male rats. II LSD”, Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology (1975); 53(6): 1023-1026. doi: 10.1139/y75-142. [cited by applicant]
Constantin et al., “Therapeutic Interventions for Adjustment Disorder: A Systematic Review”, American Journal of Therapeutics (2020); 27(4): e375-e386. [cited by applicant]
Corey et al., “Chromosome studies on the patients (in vivo) and cells (in vitro) treated with lysergic acid diethylamide”, New England Journal of Medicine (1970); 282(17): 939-943. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197004232821702. [cited by applicant]
Corne et al., “A possible correlation between drug-induced hallucinations in man and a behavioural response in mice”, Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) (1967); 11: 65-78. doi: 10.1007/BF00401509. [cited by applicant]
Creese et al., “The dopamine receptor: differential binding of d-LSD and related agents to agonist and antagonist states”, Life Sciences (1975); 17(11): 1715-1719. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(75)90118-6. [cited by applicant]
Danforth. “Embracing neurodiversity in psychedelic science: A mixed-methods inquiry into the MDMA experiences of autistic adults”, Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2019); 51(2): 146-154. doi: 10.1080/02791072.2019.1587116… [cited by applicant]
Darke et al., “A retrospective study of the characteristics and toxicology of cases of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)-and psilocybin-related death in Australia”, Addiction, (2024); 119: 1564-1571. doi: 10.1111/add.165… [cited by applicant]
Database Stn, CAS Registry No. 2757566-19-9, “Ergoline-8-carboxamide, 9,10-didehydro-N-ethyl-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-6-methyl-, (8β)-” [CA Index Name]. Chemical Abstracts Service, American Chemical Society; entered Jan. 28, 2… [cited by applicant]
Database STN, CAS Registry No. 2855122-73-3, “Ergoline-8-carboxamide, 9,10-didehydro-N,N-bis(2-fluoroethyl)-6-methyl-,(8β)-” [CA Index Name]. Chemical Abstracts Service, American Chemical Society; entered Nov. 17, 2022;… [cited by applicant]
Database STN, CAS Registry No. 2855123-59-8, “Ergoline-8-carboxamide, 9,10-didehydro-N,N-bis(2-fluoroethyl)-6-methyl-,(8β)-” [CA Index Name]. Chemical Abstracts Service, American Chemical Society; entered Nov. 17, 2022;… [cited by applicant]
Database STN, CAS Registry No. 3024529-93-6, “Ergoline-8-carboxamide, 9,10-didehydro-N-ethyl-N-2-propyn-1-yl-6-methyl-,(8β)-” [CA Index Name]. Chemical Abstracts Service, American Chemical Society; entered Jan. 11, 2024… [cited by applicant]
Database STN, CAS Registry No. 3024530-02-4, “Ergoline-8-carboxamide, 9,10-didehydro-N-ethyl-N-methoxy-6-methyl-,(8β)-” [CA Index Name]. Chemical Abstracts Service, American Chemical Society; entered Jan. 11, 2024; 1 pr… [cited by applicant]
Database STN, CAS Registry No. 3024530-08-0, “Ergoline-8-carboxamide, 9,10-didehydro-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-N-methoxy-6-methyl-, (8β)-” [CA Index Name]. Chemical Abstracts Service, American Chemical Society; entered Jan. 11,… [cited by applicant]
Database STN, CAS Registry No. 3024530-10-4, “Ergoline-8-carboxamide, 9,10-didehydro-N,N-diethyl-6-(2-fluoro-2-propen-1-yl)-, (8β)-” [CA Index Name]. Chemical Abstracts Service, American Chemical Society; entered Jan. 1… [cited by applicant]
Database STN, CAS Registry No. 3024530-16-0, “Ergoline-8-carboxamide, 9,10-didehydro-N, N-diethyl-6-(2-oxopropyl)-, (8β)-” [CA Index Name]. Chemical Abstracts Service, American Chemical Society; entered Jan. 11, 2024; 1… [cited by applicant]
Database STN, CAS Registry No. 3024530-28-4, “Ergoline-8-carboxamide, 9,10-didehydro-N, N-diethyl-6-(2-fluoroethyl)-, (8β)-” [CA Index Name]. Chemical Abstracts Service, American Chemical Society; entered Jan. 11, 2024;… [cited by applicant]
Database STN, CAS Registry No. 3024530-30-8, “Ergoline-8-carboxamide, 9,10-didehydro-N-ethyl-6-(2-fluoro-2-propen-1-yl)-N-2-propyn-1-yl-, (8β)-” [CA Index Name]. Chemical Abstracts Service, American Chemical Society; en… [cited by applicant]
Database STN, CAS Registry No. 65527-59-5, “Ergoline-8-carboxamide, 9,10-didehydro-N-ethenyl-N-ethyl-6-methyl-, (8β)- (9CI)” [Ca Index Name]. Chemical Abstracts Service, American Chemical Society; entered Nov. 16, 1984;… [cited by applicant]
Davenport. “Psychedelic and nonpsychedelic LSD and psilocybin for cluster headache”, CMAJ (2016); 188(3): 217; 1 page. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.1150082. [cited by applicant]
De Gregorio et al., “d-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) as a Model of Psychosis: Mechanism of Action and Pharmacology”, International Journal of Molecular Science, (2016); 17(11): 1953; 20 pages. doi: 10.3390/ijms171119… [cited by applicant]
De Gregorio et al., “The hallucinogen d-lysergic diethylamide (LSD) decreases dopamine firing activity through 5-HT1A, D2 and TAAR1 receptors”, Pharmacological Research (2016); 113: 81-91. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.08.02… [cited by applicant]
Dipaolo et al., “Evaluation of teratogenicity of lysergic acid diethylamine”, Nature (1968); 220: 490-491. doi: 10.1038/220490b0. [cited by applicant]
Dirami et al., “Effect of a dopamine agonist on the development of Leydig Cell hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats”, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (1996); 141: 169-177. doi: 10.1006/taap.1996.0273. [cited by applicant]
Dishotsky et al., “LSD and genetic damage: Is LSD chromosome damaging, carcinogenic, mutagenic, or teratogenic?”, Science (1971); 172(3982): 431-440. doi: 10.1126/science.172.3982.431. [cited by applicant]
Dittrich. “The standardized psychometric assessment of altered states of consciousness (ASCs) in humans”, Pharmacopsychiatry (1998); 31(Suppl 2): 80-84. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-979351. [cited by applicant]
Dolder et al., “Development and validation of a rapid turboflow LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of LSD and 2-oxo-3-hydroxy LSD in serum and urine samples of emergency toxicological cases”, Analytical and Bioanaly… [cited by applicant]
Dolder et al., “Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method to quantify lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), iso-LSD, 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD, and nor-LSD and identify novel metabolites in plasma samples in a controlled c… [cited by applicant]
Dolder et al., “LSD acutely impairs fear recognition and enhances emotional empathy and sociality”, Neuropsychopharmacology (2016); 41(11): 2638-2646. doi: 10.1038/npp.2016.82. Epub Jun. 1, 2016. [cited by applicant]
Dolder et al., “Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of lysergic acid diethylamide in healthy subjects”, Clinical Pharmacokinetics (2017); 56: 1219-1230. doi: 10.1007/s40262-017-0513-9. [cited by applicant]
Dolder et al., “Pharmacokinetics and concentration-effect relationship of oral LSD in humans.” International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology (2016); 19(1): pyv072; 7 pages. doi: 10.1093/ijnp/pyv072. Erratum in: Int J… [cited by applicant]
Duerler et al., “LSD-induced increases in social adaptation to opinions similar to one's own are associated with stimulation of serotonin receptors”, Scientific Reports (2020); 10: 12181; 11 pages. doi: 10.1038/s41598-0… [cited by applicant]
Eells et al., “Effects of intraocular mescaline and LSD on visual-evoked responses in the rat”, Pharmacology Biochemistry & Behavior (1989); 32: 191-196. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(89)90232-3. [cited by applicant]
Effenberger et al., “Stereoselective Synthesis of (S)-3, 4-Methylenedioxyamphetamines from (R)-Cyanohydrins”, Chemistry—A European Journal (1997); 3(8): 1370-1374. [cited by applicant]
Egan et al., “Agonist activity of LSD and lisuride at cloned 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors”, Psychopharmacology (1998); 136: 409-414. doi: 10.1007/s002130050585. [cited by applicant]
Eglen et al., “The 5-HT7 receptor: orphan found”, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences (Apr. 1997); 18(4): 104-107. doi: 10.1016/s0165-6147(97)01043-2. [cited by applicant]
Egozcue et al., “Effect of LSD-25 on mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of mice and monkeys”, Humangenetik (1969); 8: 86-93. doi: 10.1007/BF00295831. [cited by applicant]
Eleusis Therapeutics, “A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate Very Low Dose LSD in Healthy Volunteers Aged 55-75 Years” ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04421105, version 1, Jun. 4, 2020, 12 pages. [cited by applicant]
EMCDDA (European Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction). “Statistical Bulletin 2021—prevalence of drug use.” [online] https://www.emcdda.europa.eu/data/stats2021/gps_en (Access Date: Nov. 1, 2021); 1 page. [cited by applicant]
Emerit et al., “LSD: No chromosomal breakage in mother embryos during rat pregnancy”, Teratology (1972); 6: 71-74. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420060109. [cited by applicant]
Erickson et al., “Severity of anxiety and work-related outcomes of patients with anxiety disorders”, Depress and Anxiety (2009); 26(12): 1165-1171. doi: 10.1002/da.20624. [cited by applicant]
Erowid. “1P-LSD Reports (also 1-propionyl-lysergic acid diethylamide) (125 Total)”, The Erowid Experience Vaults [online] https://erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_1PLSD.shtml (Access Date: Mar. 14, 2025); 4 pages. [cited by applicant]
Erpelding et al., “Placebo Response Reduction and Accurate Pain Reporting Training Reduces Placebo Responses in a Clinical Trial on Chronic Low Back Pain”, Clinical Journal Pain (2020); 36(12): 950-954. doi: 10.1097/AJP… [cited by applicant]
Evans et al., “What can be done to control the placebo response in clinical trials? A narrative review”, Contemporary Clinical Trials (2021); 107: 106503; 8 pages. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106503. Epub Jul. 6, 2021. [cited by applicant]
Evarts. “Some effects of bufotenine and lysergic acid diethylamide on the monkey”, AMA Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry (1956); 75(1): 49-53. doi: 10.1001/archneurpsyc.1956.02330190065004. [cited by applicant]
Examiner Interview Summary for U.S. Appl. No. 17/734, 102, by Barrow, Robert, et al., mailed on Sep. 11, 2023, 2 pages. [cited by applicant]
Family et al., “Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of low dose lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in healthy older volunteers”, Psychopharmacology (2020); 237: 841-853. doi: 10.1007/s00213-019-05… [cited by applicant]
Fava et al., “Major Depressive Disorder”, Neuron (2000); 28: 335-341. doi: 10.1016/s0896-6273(00)00112-4. [cited by applicant]
Felix Mueller, “LSD Treatment for Persons With Alcohol Use Disorder (LYSTA)” ClinicalTrials.gov Id NCT05474989, version 1, Jul. 24, 2022, 11 pages. [cited by applicant]
Fiorella et al., “The role of the 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors in the stimulus effects of hallucinogenic drugs III: The mechanistic basis for supersensitivity to the LSD stimulus following serotonin depletion”, Psychopha… [cited by applicant]
Ford et al., “Hallucinogenic Persisting Perception Disorder: A case series and review of the literature” Frontiers in Neurology, May 2022; 13: 878609; 10 pages. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.878609. [cited by applicant]
Frank et al., “Efficacy of interpersonal psychotherapy as a maintenance treatment of recurrent depression”, Archives of General Psychiatry (1991); 48: 1053-1059. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810360017002. [cited by applicant]
Freedman et al., “266-Regional and subcellular distribution of LSD and effects on 5-HT levels”, The Pharmacologist, Neurochemistry, Abstracts of Papers for Fall Meeting (Aug. 16-20, 1965); 7(2); 3 pages. [cited by applicant]
Freedman et al., “Patterns of tolerance to lysergic acid diethylamide and mescaline in rats”, Science (1958); 127: 1173-1174. doi: 10.1126/science.127.3307.1173. [cited by applicant]
Freedman et al., “Tolerance to behavioral effects of LSD-25 in the rat”, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (1964); 143: 309-313. [cited by applicant]
Freedman. “The Psychopharmacology of Hallucinogenic Agents”, Annual Review Medicine (1969); 20(1): 409-418. doi: 10.1146/annurev.me.20.020169.002205. [cited by applicant]
Fuentes et al., “Therapeutic use of LSD in psychiatry: A systematic review of randomized-controlled clinical trials”, Front Psychiatry (2020); 10: 943; 14 pages. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00943. [cited by applicant]
Galanopoulou et al., “Mesulergine: A review”, CNS Drug Reviews (1999); 5(3): 233-248. [cited by applicant]
Garakani et al., “Pharmacology of anxiety disorders: Current and emerging treatment options”, Frontiers in Psychiatry (Dec. 2020); 11(595584); 21 pages. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.595584. [cited by applicant]
Garbrecht. “Synthesis of Amides of Lysergic Acid1”, The Journal of Organic Chemistry (1959); 24(3): 368-372. [cited by applicant]
Gartlehner et al., “Comparative benefits and harms of second-generation antidepressants for treating major depressive disorder: An updated meta-analysis”, Annals of Internal Medicine (2011); 155(11): 772-785. doi: 10.73… [cited by applicant]
Gasser et al., “Safety and efficacy of lysergic acid diethylamide-assisted psychotherapy for anxiety associated with life-threatening diseases”, Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease (2014); 202(7): 513-520. doi: 10.109… [cited by applicant]
Gasser et al., “LSD-assisted psychotherapy for anxiety associated with a life-threatening disease: a qualitative study of acute and sustained subjective effects”, Journal of Psychopharmacology (2015); 29(1): 57-68. doi:… [cited by applicant]
Geber. “Congenital malformations induced by mescaline, lysergic acid diethylamide and bromolysergic acid in the hamster”, Science (1967); 158: 265-267. doi: 10.1126/science.158.3798.265. [cited by applicant]
Gerald et al., “The 5-HT4 receptor: Molecular cloning and pharmacological characterization of two splice variants”, EMBO Journal (1995); 14(12): 2806-2815. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07280.x. [cited by applicant]
Giacomelli et al., “Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a partial agonist of D2 dopaminergic receptors and it potentiates dopamine-mediated prolactin secretion in lactotrophs in vitro”, Life Sciences (1998); 63(3): 215-… [cited by applicant]
Goetz et al., “The mutagenic effect of lysergic acid diethylamine I. Cytogenetic analysis”, Mutation Research (1974); 26: 513-516. doi: 10.1016/s0027-5107(74)80052-7. [cited by applicant]
Gonzalez-Maeso et al., “Transcriptome Fingerprints Distinguish Hallucinogenic and Nonhallucinogenic 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2A Receptor Agonist Effects in Mouse Somatosensory Cortex”, The Journal of Neuroscience (2003); 23(… [cited by applicant]
Gonzalez-Martinez et al., “Stereoselective synthesis of 1-arylpropan-2-amines from allylbenzenes through a Wacker-Tsuji oxidation-biotransamination sequential process”, Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis (2019); 361(11): 25… [cited by applicant]
Goodman et al., “Treatment of generalized anxiety disorder with escitalopram: pooled results from double-blind, placebo-controlled trials”, Journal of Affective Disorders (2005); 87(2-3): 161-167. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.200… [cited by applicant]
Goodwin. “An intravenous self-administration procedure for assessing the reinforcing effects of hallucinogens in nonhuman primates”, Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods (2016); 82: 31-36. doi: 10.1016/j… [cited by applicant]
Graham et al., “The actions of d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25)”, Part 1, General Pharmacology, Journal of the Faculty of Medicine Baghdad, Iraq (1954); 18: 1-10; 11 pages. [cited by applicant]
Greden. “The burden of recurrent depression: Causes, consequences, and future prospects”, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (2001); 62(suppl 22): 5-9. [cited by applicant]
Green et al., “Defining the histamine H2-receptor in brain: the interaction with LSD”, NIDA Research Monogram (1978); 22: 38-59. [cited by applicant]
Greenberg et al., “The economic burden of adults with major depressive disorder in the United States (2005 and 2010)”, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (2015); 76(2): 155-162. doi: 10.4088/JCP.14m09298. [cited by applicant]
Greiner et al., “Pharmacotherapy of psychiatric inpatients with adjustment disorder: current status and changes between 2000 and 2016”, European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience (2020); 270(1): 107-117. … [cited by applicant]
Gresch et al., “Behavioral tolerance to lysergic acid diethylamide is associated with reduced serotonin-2A receptor signaling in rat cortex”, Neuropsychopharmacology (2005); 30: 1693-1702. doi: 10.1038/sj.npp.1300711. [cited by applicant]
Griffiths et al., “Mystical-type experiences occasioned by psilocybin mediate the attribution of personal meaning and spiritual significance 14 months later”, Journal of Psychopharmacology (2008); 22(6): 621-632. doi: 1… [cited by applicant]
Griffiths et al., “Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized double-blind trial”, Journal of Psychopharmacology (2016); 30: … [cited by applicant]
Grob et al., “Pilot study of psilocybin treatment for anxiety in patients with advanced-stage cancer”, Archives of General Psychiatry (2011); 68(1): 71-78. doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.116. Epub Sep. 6, 2010. [cited by applicant]
Grof et al., “LSD-assisted psychotherapy in patients with terminal cancer”, International Pharmacopsychiatry (1973); 8(3): 129-144. doi: 10.1159/000467984. [cited by applicant]
Guy. “ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology, Clinical Global Impressions (CGI)”, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Alcohol Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administration, NIMH Ps… [cited by applicant]
Haden et al., “LSD Overdoses: Three Case Reports”, Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs (Jan. 2020); 81(1): 115-118. [cited by applicant]
Halberstadt. “Recent advances in the neuropsychopharmacology of serotonergic hallucinogens”, Behavioural Brain Research (2015); 277: 99-120. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.07.016. Epub Jul. 15, 2014. [cited by applicant]
Haley et al., “Brain concentrations of LSD-25 (delysid) after intracerebral or intravenous administration in conscious animals”, Experientia (1957); 13(5): 199-200. [cited by applicant]
Hanaway. “Lysergic acid diethylamine: Effects on the developing mouse lens”, Science (1969); 164: 574-575. doi: 10.1126/science.164.3879.574. [cited by applicant]
Handforth. “Harmaline tremor: underlying mechanisms in a potential animal model of essential tremor”, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements (2012); 2: 14 pages. doi: 10.7916/D8TD9W2P. Epub Sep. 12, 2012. [cited by applicant]
Hartford et al., “Duloxetine as an SNRI treatment for generalized anxiety disorder: results from a placebo and active-controlled trial”, International Clinical Psychopharmacology (2007); 22(3): 167-174. doi: 10.1097/YIC… [cited by applicant]
Hashimoto et al., “Actions of D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and its derivatives on 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors in the isolated uterine smooth muscle of the rat”, European Journal of Pharmacology (1977); 45(4): 34… [cited by applicant]
Herdman et al., “Development and preliminary testing of the new five-level version of EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L)”, Quality of Life Research (2011); 20(10): 1727-1736. doi: 10.1007/s11136-011-9903-x. Epub Apr. 9, 2011. [cited by applicant]
Hidalgo et al., “An effect-size analysis of pharmacologic treatments for generalized anxiety disorder”, Journal of Psychopharmacology (2007); 21(8): 864-872. doi: 10.1177/0269881107076996. [cited by applicant]
Hintzen et al., “The pharmacology of LSD: a critical review”, Oxford University Press: Oxford (2010); pp. 258-259; 2 pages. Abstract Only. [cited by applicant]
Hirst et al., “Differences in the central nervous system distribution and pharmacology of the mouse 5-hydroxytryptamine-6 receptor compared with rat and human receptors investigated by radioligand binding, site-directed… [cited by applicant]
Hoehn et al., “Experimental evaluation of the generalized vibrational theory of G protein-coupled receptor activation”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2017); 114(22): 5595-5600. doi: 10.1073/pnas.16184… [cited by applicant]
Hoff et al., “Allgemeine Gesichtspunkte zur Pharmakopsychiatrie”, In: Bradley PB, ed. Neuro-Psychopharmacology. Amsterdam: Elsevier (1959); pp. 61-70, 91, and 326-327; 46 pages with English translation. [cited by applicant]
Hoffer. “D-Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD): A review of its present status”, Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (1965); 6: 183-255. doi: 10.1002/cpt196562183. [cited by applicant]
Hoffmann et al., “Synthesis and LSD-like discriminative stimulus properties in a series of N (6)-alkyl norlysergic acid N, N-diethylamide derivatives”, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (1985); 28(9): 1252-1255. doi: 10.10… [cited by applicant]
Hoffmann. “Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of N (6)-alkyl norlysergic acid N, N-diethylamide derivatives”, A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Purdue University, In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for … [cited by applicant]
Hofmann. “How LSD originated”, Journal of Psychedelic Drugs (1979); 11(1-2): 53-60. doi: 10.1080/02791072.1979.10472092. [cited by applicant]
Holze et al., “Acute dose-dependent effects of lysergic acid diethylamide in a double-blind placebo-controlled study in healthy subjects”, Neuropsychopharmacology (2021); 46(3): 537-544. doi: 10.1038/s41386-020-00883-6.… [cited by applicant]
Holze et al., “Distinct acute effects of LSD, MDMA, and D-amphetamine in healthy subjects”, Neuropsychopharmacology (2020); 45(3): 462-471. doi: 10.1038/s41386-019-0569-3. Epub Nov. 16, 2019. [cited by applicant]
Holze et al., “Lysergic acid diethylamide-assisted therapy in patients with anxiety with and without a life-threatening illness: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study”, Biological Psychiatry (202… [cited by applicant]
Holze et al., “Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Microdoses in Healthy Participants.” Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (Mar. 2021); 109(3): 658-666. doi: 10.1002/cpt.2057. Epub Oct.… [cited by applicant]
Holze et al., “Pharmacokinetics and subjective effects of a novel oral LSD formulation in healthy subjects”, British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2019); 85(7): 1474-1483. doi: 10.1111/bcp.13918. Epub Apr. 29, 2019. [cited by applicant]
Huang et al., “Drug discrimination and receptor binding studies of N-isopropyl lysergamide derivatives”, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior (1994); 47(3): 667-673. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(94)90172-4. [cited by applicant]
Huot et al., “Characterization of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) Enantiomers In Vitro and in the MPTP-Lesioned Primate: R-MDMA Reduces Severity of Dyskinesia, Whereas S-MDMA Extends Duration of ON-Time”, The J… [cited by applicant]
Hutten et al., “Low doses of LSD acutely increase BDNF blood plasma levels in healthy volunteers”, ACS Pharmacology & Transitional Science Journal (2021); 4(2): 461-466. doi: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00099. [cited by applicant]
Hutten et al., “Mood and cognition after administration of low LSD doses in healthy volunteers: A placebo controlled dose-effect finding study”, European Neuropsychopharmacology (Oct. 2020); 41: 81-91. doi: 10.1016/j.eu… [cited by applicant]
Idanpaan-Heikkila et al., “14C-lysergide in early pregnancy”, The Lancet (Jul. 26, 1969); 294(7613): 221; 1 page. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(69)91466-4. [cited by applicant]
Idanpaan-Heikkila et al., “Total body kinetics and placental transfer of labeled LSD in mice”, Drug Dependence, Austin & London (1970); pp. 55-66; 13 pages. [cited by applicant]
Inoue et al., “Effects of inducers and/or inhibitors on metabolism of lysergic acid diethylamide in rat liver microsomes”, Xenobiotica (Dec. 1980); 10(12): 913-920. doi: 10.3109/00498258009033825. [cited by applicant]
Inoue et al., “Enzymic formation of dehydrogenated and hydroxylated metabolites from lysergic acid diethylamide by rat liver microsomes”, Xenobiotica (May 1980); 10(5): 343-348. doi: 10.3109/00498258009033766. [cited by applicant]
International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International Application No. PCT/US2022/027181, by Mind Medicine, Inc., mailed Nov. 16, 2023, 6 pages. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion for International Application No. PCT/US2022/027181, by Mind Medicine, Inc., mailed Jul. 29, 2022, 11 pages. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion for International Application No. PCT/US2024/022901, by Mind Medicine, Inc., mailed Aug. 5, 2024, 6 pages. [cited by applicant]
Iravani et al. ,“3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) inhibits dyskinesia expression and normalizes motor activity in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine-treated primates”, Journal of Neuroscience (2… [cited by applicant]
Irwin et al., “Chromosomal abnormalities in leukocytes from LSD-25 users”, Science (1967); 157(3786): 313-314. [cited by applicant]
Isbell. “Comparison of the reactions induced by psilocybin and LSD-25 in man”, Psychopharmacologia (1959); 1: 29-38. doi: 10.1007/BF00408109. [cited by applicant]
Ishii et al., “Studies of lysergic acid diethylamide and related compounds. Part 8. Structural identification of new metabolites of lysergic acid diethylamide obtained by microbial transformation using Streptomyces rose… [cited by applicant]
Ishii et al., “Studies on lysergic acid diethylamide and related compounds. VII. Microbial transformation of lysergic acid diethylamide and related compounds”, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (1979); 27(7): 1570-15… [cited by applicant]
Issakidis et al., “Pretreatment attrition and dropout in an outpatient clinic for anxiety disorders”, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (2004); 109(6): 426-433. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0047.2004.00264.x. [cited by applicant]
Jagiello et al., “Mouse germ cells and LSD-25”, Cytogenics (1969); 8: 136-147. doi: 10.1159/000130030. [cited by applicant]
Jankovic. “Parkinson's disease: clinical features and diagnosis”, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry (2008); 79(4): 368-376. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2007.131045. [cited by applicant]
Johansen et al., “Psychedelics not linked to mental health problems or suicidal behavior: a population study”, Journal of Psychopharmacology (2015); 29(3): 270-279. doi: 10.1177/0269881114568039. Epub Mar. 5, 2015. [cited by applicant]
Johnson et al., “Emetic activity of reduced lysergamides”, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (1973); 16(5): 532-537. doi: 10.1021/jm00263a028. [cited by applicant]
Johnson et al., “Long-term follow-up of psilocybin-facilitated smoking cessation”, The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse (2017); 43(1): 55-60. doi: 10.3109/00952990.2016.1170135. Epub Jul. 21, 2016. Erratum in:… [cited by applicant]
Johnson et al., “Pilot study of the 5-HT2AR agonist psilocybin in the treatment of tobacco addiction”, Journal of Psychopharmacology (2014); 28(11): 983-992. doi: 10.1177/0269881114548296. Epub Sep. 11, 2014. [cited by applicant]
Johnston et al., “Monitoring the future, national survey results on drug use, 1975-2015: vol. 2. College students and adults ages 19-55”, Ann Arbor: Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan (2016) [onli… [cited by applicant]
Judd et al., “A prospective 12-year study of subsyndromal and syndromal depressive symptoms in unipolar major depressive disorders”, Archives of General Psychiatry (Aug. 1998); 55: 694-700. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.55.8.69… [cited by applicant]
Kaelen et al., “LSD enhances emotional response to music”, Psychopharmacology (Aug. 2015); 232(19): 3607-3614. doi: 10.1007/s00213-015-4014-y. Epub Aug. 11, 2015. [cited by applicant]
Kaelen et al., “LSD modulates music-induced imagery via changes in parahippocampal connectivity”, European Neuropsychopharmacology (2016); 26: 1099-1109. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.03.018. Epub Apr. 12, 2016. [cited by applicant]
Kargbo. “Current Trends in Psychedelic Science: Integrating Modified Lysergic Acid Derivatives and Psilocybin in Modern Medicine”, ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters (2024); 15(9): 1443-1445. doi: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c… [cited by applicant]
Kariuki-Nyuthe et al., “Anxiety and Related Disorders and Physical Illness”, In: Sartorius N, Holt RIG, Maj M (eds): Comorbidity of Mental and Physical Disorders, Key Issues Ment Health, Basel, Karger (2015); 179: 81-87. [cited by applicant]
Kato et al., “LSD-25 and genetic damage”, Diseases of the Nervous System (1969); 30: 42-46. [cited by applicant]
Kavan et al., “Generalized anxiety disorder: Practical assessment and management”, American Family Physician (May 1, 2009); 79(9): 785-791. [cited by applicant]
Kessler et al., “Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication”, Archives of General Psychiatry (Jun. 2005); 62(6): 593-602. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.… [cited by applicant]
Kessler et al., “Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication”, Archives of General Psychiatry (2005); 62: 617-627. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.617. [cited by applicant]
Kessler et al., “The epidemiology of generalized anxiety disorder”, Psychiatric Clinics of North America (2001); 24(1): 19-39. doi: 10.1016/s0193-953x(05)70204-5. [cited by applicant]
Klette et al., “Metabolism of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) to 2-Oxo-3-Hydroxy LSD (O-H-LSD) in Human Liver Microsomes and Cryopreserved Human Hepatocytes”, Journal of Analytical Toxicology (2000); 24(7): 550-556. do… [cited by applicant]
Klock et al., “Coma, hyperthermia and bleeding associated with massive LSD overdose. A report of eight cases”, The Western Journal of Medicine (1974); 120(3): 183-188. [cited by applicant]
Koelle. “The pharmacology of mescaline and D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)”, New England Journal of Medicine (1958); 258(1): 25-32. doi: 10.1056/NEJM195801022580106. [cited by applicant]
Kraehenmann et al., “Dreamlike effects of LSD on waking imagery in humans depend on serotonin 2A receptor activation”, Psychopharmacology (Berl) (2017); 234: 2031-2046. doi: 10.1007/s00213-017-4610-0. Epub Apr. 7, 2017. [cited by applicant]
Kraehenmann et al., “LSD Increases Primary Process Thinking via Serotonin 2A Receptor Activation”, Frontiers in Pharmacology (2017); 8: 814; 9 pages. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00814. [cited by applicant]
Krall et al., “Marked decrease of LSD-induced stimulus control in serotonin transporter knockout mice”, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior (2008); 88: 349-357. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2007.09.006. Epub Sep. 14, 2007. [cited by applicant]
Krebs et al., “Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) for alcoholism: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials”, Journal of Psychopharmacology (2012); 26(7): 994-1002. doi: 10.1177/0269881112439253. Epub Mar. 8, 2012. [cited by applicant]
Krebs et al., “Over 30 million psychedelic users in the United States”, F1000 Research (2013); 2: 98; 5 pages. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.2-98.v1. [cited by applicant]
Krebs et al., “Psychedelics and mental health: a population study”, PLoS One (2013); 8(8): e63972; 9 pages. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063972. [cited by applicant]
Krebs-Thomson et al., “Effects of hallucinogens on locomotor investigatory activity and patterns: Influence of 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors,” Neuropsychopharmacology (1998); 18(5): 339-351. doi: 10.1016/S0893-133X(97)001… [cited by applicant]
Kristensen. “LSD treatment combined with parenteral Ritalin therapy.” Nord Psykiatr Tidsskr (1962); 16: 111-116; 14 pages with English machine translation. [cited by applicant]
Krus et al., “Inhibitory effects of steroids on LSD-25 action in man”, Life Science (1967); 6: 691-701. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(67)90124-5. [cited by applicant]
Krus et al., “The influence of progesterone on behavioral changes induced by lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) in normal males”, Psychopharmacologia (1961); 2: 177-184. doi: 10.1007/BF00407977. [cited by applicant]