Systems and methods for radiant gas dynamic mining of permafrost
Systems and apparatus are disclosed for mining the permafrost at the landing sites using radiant gas dynamic mining procedures. The systems can comprise a rover vehicle with an integrated large area dome for cryotrapping gases released from the surface and multi-wavelength radiant heating systems to provide adjustable heating as a function of depth. Various antenna arrays and configurations are disclosed, some of which can cooperate for a specific aiming or targeting effect.
1. A method for mining permafrost of a landing site, comprising:
providing a rover vehicle for mining permafrost from a landing site;
lowering a dome from the rover vehicle to a surface of the landing site, the dome having a skirt with an interior surface having arranged thereon a plurality of phased wire dipole antennas, each of the plurality of phased wire dipole antennas configured to generate a microwave beam to heat the surface of the landing site to sublimate ice within the landing site, wherein the plurality of phased wire dipole antennas are arranged such that each of the microwave beams converges at a region below the surface of the landing site;
sublimating ice within the landing site using the plurality of phased wire dipole antennas;
capturing cryogenic vapors sublimated from the ice within the landing site using a vapor collector of the rover vehicle; and
storing the vapor in one or more storage tanks of the rover vehicle as a liquid.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of phased wire dipole antennas are connected by a plurality of wire transmission lines to a common feed point.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein each of the wire transmission lines has a length that is about one-half of an operating wavelength.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of phased wire dipole antennas has a length that is about one-half of an operating wavelength.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the length of each of the plurality of phased wire dipole antennas is about 6 cm.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the phased wire dipole antennas are arranged into a plurality of broadside arrays.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein each of the broadside arrays comprises five arrays of sixteen of the plurality of phased wire dipole antennas.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein each of the broadside arrays is configured to project a focused microwave beam into the surface of the landing site to aid in the sublimation of the ice.
9. The method of claim 6 , further comprising a microwave source connected to each of the broadside arrays via a corresponding parallel wire transmission line.
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising a plurality of shunting device shunt tuning devices configured to tune coupling efficiency between the microwave source and the broadside arrays.
11. A rover vehicle, comprising:
a dome configured to be lowered from the rover vehicle to a surface of a working site, the dome having a skirt with an interior surface having arranged thereon a plurality of phased wire dipole antennas, each of the plurality of phased wire dipole antennas configured to generate a microwave beam to heat the surface of the working site to sublimate ice within the working site, wherein the plurality of phased wire dipole antennas are arranged such that the microwave beams converge at a region below the surface of the working site;
a vapor collector configured to capture cryogenic vapors sublimated from the ice within the working site; and
one or more storage tanks configured to store the vapor as a liquid.
12. The rover vehicle of claim 11 , further comprising:
a plurality of wire transmission lines configured to connect the plurality of phased wire dipole antennas to a common feed point.
13. The rover vehicle of claim 12 , wherein each of the wire transmission lines has a length that is about one-half of an operating wavelength.
14. The rover vehicle of claim 11 , wherein each of the plurality of phased wire dipole antennas has a length that is about one-half of an operating wavelength.
15. The rover vehicle of claim 14 , wherein the length of each of the plurality of phased wire dipole antennas is about 6 cm.
16. The rover vehicle of claim 11 , wherein the phased wire dipole antennas are arranged into a plurality of broadside arrays.
17. The rover vehicle of claim 16 , wherein each of the broadside arrays comprises five arrays of sixteen of the plurality of phased wire dipole antennas.
18. The rover vehicle of claim 16 , wherein each of the broadside arrays is configured to project a focused microwave beam into the surface of the working landing site to aid in the sublimation of the ice.
19. The rover vehicle of claim 16 , further comprising a microwave source connected to each of the broadside arrays via a corresponding parallel wire transmission line.
20. The rover vehicle of claim 19 , further comprising a plurality of shunt tuning devices configured to tune a coupling efficiency between the microwave source and the broadside arrays.