IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,368,155
Granted Patent B2
US 12,368,155 · App. 18/236,257 · Granted Jul 22, 2025

Lithium metal anode and battery

Inventor: Emilie Bodoin (Boston, MA)
Assignee: PURE LITHIUM CORPORATION
H01M4/134H01M4/0452H01M4/1395H01M4/366H01M4/382H01M4/661H01M4/663H01M4/667H01M10/052H01M2004/021H01M2004/027
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,368,155
App. No.
18/236,257
Granted
Jul 22, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

A lithium metal electrode has no more than five ppm of non-metallic elements by mass, and is bonded to a conductive substrate. Optionally, the lithium metal electrode may be bonded on one side to a conductive substrate and on another side to a lithium ion selective membrane. The lithium metal electrode may be integrated into lithium metal batteries. The inventive lithium metal electrode may be manufactured by a process involving electrolysis of lithium ions from an aqueous lithium salt solution through an ion selective membrane, carried out under a blanketing atmosphere having no more than 10 ppm of non-metallic elements, the electrolysis being performed at a constant current between about 10 mA/cm 2 and about 50 mA/cm 2 , and wherein the constant current is applied for a time between about 1 minute and about 60 minutes.

Claims (25)

1. A rechargeable energy storage system comprising:

a positive electrode;

a negative electrode comprising a layer of lithium metal on a conductive substrate, said layer of lithium metal having a density of at least 0.4 g/cm 3 and a thickness between 1 micron and 50 microns; and

a lithium-ion selective membrane bonded to said layer of lithium metal, wherein said lithium-ion selective membrane comprises a polymeric matrix and a plurality of ion-conducting particles disposed within said polymeric matrix, wherein said plurality of ion-conducting particles are in a solid form, wherein said lithium-ion selective membrane substantially precludes passage of nitrogen to said layer of lithium metal and wherein a content of said nitrogen in said layer of lithium metal is less than 300 parts-per-million (ppm) by mass.

2. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said lithium-ion selective membrane serves as a solid state electrolyte.

3. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 2 , wherein said lithium-ion selective membrane is chemically bonded to said layer of lithium metal and reduces impedance variations at an interface between said layer of lithium metal and said lithium-ion selective membrane.

4. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said negative electrode has a specific capacity of at least about 3800 milliampere-hours per gram (mAh/g).

5. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said layer of lithium metal is substantially free of Li 3 N.

6. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said density of said layer of lithium metal is between 0.45 g/cm 3 and 0.543 g/cm 3 .

7. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said conductive substrate comprises copper, aluminum, graphite coated copper, nickel, or any combination thereof.

8. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said layer of lithium metal is an electrodeposited lithium metal.

9. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 8 , wherein said layer of lithium metal is electrodeposited onto said conductive substrate with an aqueous lithium salt solution.

10. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said negative electrode is substantially resistant to dendrite formation.

11. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said layer of lithium metal is substantially free of sub-surface dendritic structures.

12. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said layer of lithium metal is substantially free of nanorod structures.

13. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said layer of lithium metal is absent of a mineral oil precoat.

14. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said layer of lithium metal is substantially free of impurities from a mineral oil.

15. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said polymeric matrix is selected from the group consisting of a silica-based polyurethane, polyethylene oxide, polystyrene, and polyamide.

16. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said polymeric matrix comprises an inorganic coating.

17. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 16 , wherein said inorganic coating is a uniform layer having a thickness of 0.1 nanometer to 5 micrometers.

18. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said polymeric matrix is ionically non-conductive.

19. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said plurality of ion-conducting particles are not in an ionic form.

20. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said plurality of ion-conducting particles comprises one or more lithium-containing ceramic materials.

21. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 20 , wherein said plurality of ion-conducting particles is selected from the group consisting of LifePO 4 , LiCoO 2 , lithium-lanthanum titanates (LLTO), garnet type electrolytes, LISICON and Thio-LISICON electrolytes, Li 7 La 3 Zr 3 O 12 (LLZO), and cubic phase c-LLZO.

22. The rechargeable energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein said polymeric matrix is hydrophobic.

Assignments (1)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Apr 1, 2024
From: BODOIN, EMILIE
To: PURE LITHIUM CORPORATION
Reel/Frame 066964/0938 →
Continuity (4)
Continuation In Part 18101261 · Jan 25, 2023
Continuation 17006048 · Aug 28, 2020
Continuation In Part 17006073 · Aug 28, 2020
Related Publication 20230395779A1 · Dec 7, 2023
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