Systems and methods for suppressing sound leakage
A speaker comprises a housing, a transducer residing inside the housing, and at least one sound guiding hole located on the housing. The transducer generates vibrations. The vibrations produce a sound wave inside the housing and cause a leaked sound wave spreading outside the housing from a portion of the housing. The at least one sound guiding hole guides the sound wave inside the housing through the at least one sound guiding hole to an outside of the housing. The guided sound wave interferes with the leaked sound wave in a target region. The interference at a specific frequency relates to a distance between the at least one sound guiding hole and the portion of the housing.
1. A speaker, comprising:
an ear hook, the ear hook matches a user's auricle and is hung on the user's ear such that the speaker can be placed on the user's ear without blocking the user's ear canal;
a speaker housing;
a transducer residing inside the speaker housing and configured to generate vibrations, the vibrations producing a sound wave inside the speaker housing and generating a leaked sound wave spreading outside the speaker housing; and
at least one sound guiding hole located on the speaker housing and configured to guide the sound wave inside the speaker housing through the at least one sound guiding hole to an outside of the speaker housing, the guided sound wave having a phase different from a phase of the leaked sound wave, the guided sound wave interfering with the leaked sound wave in a target region, and the interference reducing a sound pressure level of the leaked sound wave in the target region.
2. The speaker of claim 1 , wherein the sound pressure level of the leaked sound wave within a target frequency range is reduced by 10 dB on average or more than 10 dB on average.
3. The speaker of claim 2 , wherein the target frequency range is within a range of 1500 Hz to 3000 Hz.
4. The speaker of claim 3 , wherein the frequency range is within a range of 2000 Hz to 2700 Hz.
5. The speaker of claim 4 , wherein the sound pressure level of the leaked sound wave within the target frequency range is reduced by 20 dB or more than 20 dB on average.
6. The speaker of claim 4 , wherein the sound pressure level of the leaked sound wave at 2300 Hz is reduced by more than 20 dB.
7. The speaker of claim 1 , further including a damping layer configured to adjust a phase and amplitude of the guided sound wave.
8. The speaker of claim 7 , wherein the damping layer includes at least one of a tuning paper, a tuning cotton, a nonwoven fabric, a silk, a cotton, a sponge, or a rubber.
9. The speaker of claim 1 , wherein a location of the at least one sound guiding hole is determined based on at least one of: a vibration frequency of the transducer, a shape of the at least one sound guiding hole, a number of the at least one sound guiding hole, a target region where the amplitude of the leaked sound wave is to be reduced, or a frequency range within which the amplitude of the leaked sound wave is to be reduced.
10. The speaker of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sound guiding hole includes at least two sound guiding holes located on the speaker housing.
11. The speaker of claim 10 , wherein the guided sound wave includes at least two sound waves having a same phase.
12. The speaker of claim 11 , wherein the at least two guided sound waves having the same phase are configured to reduce the sound pressure level of the leaked sound wave.
13. The speaker of claim 12 , wherein the at least two guided sound waves have a same wavelength.
14. The speaker of claim 10 , wherein the guided sound wave includes at least two sound waves having different phases.
15. The speaker of claim 14 , wherein the at least two sound waves are configured to reduce the sound pressure level of the leaked sound wave.
16. The speaker of claim 15 , wherein the at least two sound waves have different wavelengths.
17. The speaker of claim 16 , wherein the at least two sound guiding holes are arranged to generate the at least two sound waves having different phases.
18. The speaker of claim 10 , wherein:
a first sound guiding hole of the at least two sound guiding holes is closer to the user's ear canal than a second sound guiding hole of the at least two sound guiding holes, and a distance between the first sound guiding hole and the second sound guiding hole is not greater than 12 mm.
19. The speaker of claim 18 , wherein when the user wears the speaker, a distance between a center point of the first sound guiding hole and a center point of the user's ear canal is no more than 1 cm.
20. The speaker of claim 18 , wherein:
a first aperture of the first sound guiding hole is greater than a second aperture of the second sound guiding hole.