High-strength munitions structure with tailored fragmentation
A bulk metallic glass (BMG) material includes at least one high strength reactive alloy having a surface on which one or more surface features are formed. The one or more surface features are configured to at least partially control a fragmentation of the BMG material. The BMG material forms a cavity within which an explosive is configured to reside.
1. A munition comprising:
an explosive; and
a munitions structure substantially enclosing the explosive and being formed from a high-strength reactive alloy, the munitions structure including;
a first surface having one or more grooves, wherein the munitions structure is configured to fragment at least partially along the one or more grooves,
a second surface at least partially forming a cavity in which the explosive is disposed,
a first thickness extending between the first surface and the second surface, the first thickness being external to the one or more grooves, and
a second thickness extending between the first surface and the second surface, the second thickness being internal to the one or more grooves, the second thickness being less than the first thickness.
2. The munition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more grooves are formed based at least in part on a desired fragmentation of the munitions structure.
3. The munition of claim 1 , wherein the high-strength reactive alloy is a bulk metallic glass material.
4. The munition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more grooves are formed from at least one of casting, etching, milling, or thermoplastic forming.
5. The munition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more grooves increase a surface area of the first surface.
6. The munition of claim 1 , wherein the first surface is an exterior surface.
7. The munition of claim 1 , wherein the second surface has one or more second grooves.
8. A munitions structure comprising:
a high-strength reactive alloy in a form of a bulk metallic glass (BMG) material, wherein the BMG material includes:
a first surface having one or more grooves along which the munitions structure is configured to at least partially fragment,
a second surface that at least partially defines a cavity in which an explosive is configured to reside,
a first thickness disposed between the first surface and the second surface, the first thickness being at a location external to the one or more grooves, and
a second thickness disposed between the first surface and the second surface, the second thickness being at a location within the one or more grooves, the second thickness being less than the first thickness.
9. The munitions structure of claim 8 , wherein the one or more grooves include at least one of a V-shaped cross-section or a C-shaped cross-section.
10. The munitions structure of claim 8 , wherein the one or more grooves are spaced apart from one another between 2.0 millimeters (mm) and 5.0 mm.
11. The munitions structure of claim 8 , wherein:
the first surface further includes one or more second grooves along which the munitions structure is configured to at least partially fragment; and
the one or more second grooves are different than the one or more grooves.
12. The munitions structure of claim 8 , wherein the second surface has one or more second grooves along which the munitions structure is configured to at least partially fragment.
13. The munitions structure of claim 8 , wherein:
without the one or more grooves, the first surface has a first surface area;
with the one or more grooves formed in the first surface, the first surface has a second surface area; and
a ratio of the second surface area to the first surface area is in a range from 1.2 to 3.0.
14. The munitions structure of claim 8 , wherein at least one of a dimension or a quantity of the one or more grooves is based at least in part on a desired fragmentation of the munitions structure.
15. The munitions structure of claim 8 , wherein the high-strength reactive alloy has an elastic strain limit of at least 1.2% and an enthalpy of oxidation of at least 1,400 calories per gram.
16. A bulk metallic glass (BMG) material comprising:
at least one high strength reactive alloy including;
a first surface on which one or more surface features are formed, wherein the one or more surface features are configured to at least partially control a fragmentation of the BMG material, and
a second surface:
a first thickness extending between the first surface and the second surface, the first thickness being at a first location external to the one or more surface features:
a second thickness extending between the first surface and the second surface, the second thickness being at a second location internal to the one or more surface features, the second thickness being less than the first thickness, wherein a ratio of the second thickness to the first thickness is between 0.05 to 0.5; and
a cavity within which an explosive is configured to reside.
17. The BMG material of claim 16 , wherein:
the one or more surface features include grooves formed into the first surface; and
the grooves include at least one of a V-shaped cross-section or a C-shaped cross-section.
18. The BMG material of claim 16 , wherein the first surface is disposed at least partially within the cavity in which the explosive is configured to reside.
19. The BMG material of claim 16 , wherein the BMG material includes one or more second surface features formed in the second surface.
20. The munition of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of the second thickness to the first thickness is between 0.05 to 0.5.