Gas turbine engine and fuel cell assembly
A gas turbine engine is provided. The gas turbine engine includes a turbomachine having a compressor section, a combustor, and a turbine section arranged in serial flow order, the turbomachine further including an outer casing; a fuel cell assembly positioned within the outer casing of the turbomachine, the fuel cell assembly including a fuel cell and an output products line in fluid communication with an outlet of the fuel cell for receiving output products from the fuel cell; a fuel delivery assembly including a fuel line; and a reformer in communication with the fuel line and the output products from the fuel cell during operation of the gas turbine engine to convert a fuel flow through the fuel line to a hydrogen rich gas.
1. A gas turbine engine assembly comprising:
a turbomachine having a compressor section, a combustor, and a turbine section arranged in serial flow order, and an exhaust nozzle downstream of the turbine section defining a primary exhaust gas flow, the turbomachine further comprising an outer casing;
a fuel cell assembly positioned within the outer casing of the turbomachine, the fuel cell assembly comprising a fuel cell and an output products line in fluid communication with an outlet of the fuel cell for receiving output products from the fuel cell;
a fuel delivery assembly comprising a fuel line; and
a reformer in communication with the fuel line and the output products from the fuel cell during operation of the gas turbine engine to convert a fuel flow through the fuel line to a hydrogen rich gas, wherein the reformer is positioned to provide output products from a cathode of the fuel cell directly to the primary exhaust gas flow.
2. The gas turbine engine assembly of claim 1 , wherein the reformer is in fluid communication with the fuel line for converting the fuel flow through the fuel line to the hydrogen rich gas.
3. The gas turbine engine assembly of claim 1 , wherein the reformer is a steam reformer.
4. The gas turbine engine assembly of claim 1 , wherein the reformer is a catalytic partial oxidation reformer.
5. The gas turbine engine assembly of claim 1 , wherein the fuel line is in fluid communication with the fuel cell at a location downstream of the reformer.
6. The gas turbine engine assembly of claim 1 , wherein the fuel line is in fluid communication with the combustor downstream of the reformer.
7. The gas turbine engine assembly of claim 1 , further comprising:
a heat source exchanger positioned downstream of the reformer.
8. The gas turbine engine assembly of claim 7 , wherein the heat source exchanger is positioned to receive substantially exclusively a flow from the reformer.
9. The gas turbine engine assembly of claim 1 , wherein the reformer comprises a first stage and a second stage.
10. The gas turbine engine assembly of claim 9 , wherein the first stage of the reformer comprises a heat exchanger thermally coupling the output products from the fuel cell with the fuel flow through the fuel line.
11. The gas turbine engine assembly of claim 10 , wherein the heat exchanger is operable to increase a temperature of the fuel flow through the fuel line to at least 700 degrees Celsius.
12. The gas turbine engine assembly of claim 10 , wherein the second stage of the reformer comprises a reactor configured to convert the fuel flow through the fuel line to the hydrogen rich gas.
13. The gas turbine engine assembly of claim 12 , wherein the reactor is configured as a tail gas oxidizer.
14. A fuel cell assembly for a gas turbine engine having a turbomachine, the fuel cell assembly configured to be positioned within an outer casing of the turbomachine and comprising:
a fuel cell comprising a cathode;
an output products line in fluid communication with an outlet of the fuel cell for receiving output products from the fuel cell;
a fuel line; and
a reformer in communication with the fuel line and the output products from the fuel cell during operation of the gas turbine engine to convert a fuel flow through the fuel line to a hydrogen rich gas, wherein the reformer is configured to provide output products from the cathode of the fuel cell directly to a primary exhaust gas flow.
15. A method of operating a fuel cell assembly, the method comprising:
generating output products with a fuel cell via a cathode of the fuel cell assembly;
receiving a fuel flow through a fuel line with a reformer;
converting the fuel flow through the fuel line received with the reformer to a hydrogen rich gas using at least in part the output products generated with the fuel cell; and
directing the output products from the cathode of the fuel cell directly to a primary exhaust gas flow.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
providing the hydrogen rich gas to a combustion section of a turbomachine of a gas turbine engine.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the fuel cell is located within an outer casing of a turbomachine of a gas turbine engine.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the reformer comprises a reactor in communication with the output products from the fuel cell and the fuel flow, and wherein converting the fuel flow through the fuel line received with the reformer to the hydrogen rich gas comprises converting the fuel flow through the fuel line received with the reformer to the hydrogen rich gas with the reactor.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the reformer is a steam reformer or a catalytic partial oxidation reformer.