IP Library Granted Patent US 12,350,246
Granted Patent B2
US 12,350,246 · App. 18/435,678 · Granted Jul 8, 2025

Eflornithine and sulindac, fixed dose combination formulation

Inventors: Patrick Shannon (Pensacola, FL); Roberto Carlos Bravo González (Binningen, CH); Jean Ducassou (Cestas, FR)
Assignee: Cancer Prevention Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
A61K31/198A61K9/2009A61K9/2013A61K9/2054A61K9/2095A61K9/2813A61K9/2853A61K9/2866A61K31/192
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,350,246
App. No.
18/435,678
Granted
Jul 8, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

Provided herein are fixed-dose combination formulations of a pharmaceutically effective amount of eflorithine together with a pharmaceutically effective amount of sulindac. Also provided are methods of use and of methods of manufacture of these formulations.

Claims (13)

1. A method of treating Lynch syndrome in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering to the patient a composition comprising a fixed dose combination in a single dosage unit of (a) about 375 mg eflornithine hydrochloride monohydrate and (b) about 75 mg of sulindac, wherein the composition further comprises magnesium stearate in an amount from about 1 to about 1.5 weight percent.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is administered orally, intraarterially, intravenously, or topically.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is administered orally.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is administered every 12 hours.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is administered every 24 hours.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the eflornithine hydrochloride monohydrate is a racemic mixture of its two enantiomers.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises an excipient.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the excipient is starch, colloidal silicon dioxide, or silicified microcrystalline cellulose.

9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the excipient is colloidal silicon dioxide.

10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the composition further comprises a second excipient.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the second excipient is silicified microcrystalline cellulose.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of magnesium stearate is about 1.5 weight percent.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is in the form of a capsule, tablet, mini-tablet, granule, pellet, solution, gel, cream, foam, or patch.

Assignments (7)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Nov 24, 2025
From: SANOFI WINTHROP INDUSTRIE S.A.
To: CANCER PREVENTION PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Reel/Frame 073799/0085 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Nov 24, 2025
From: DUCASSOU, JEAN
To: SANOFI WINTHROP INDUSTRIE
Reel/Frame 073020/0323 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Nov 24, 2025
From: BRAVO GONZALEZ, ROBERTO CARLOS
To: TILLOTTS PHARMA AG
Reel/Frame 073799/0032 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Nov 24, 2025
From: SHANNON, PATRICK
To: CANCER PREVENTION PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Reel/Frame 073800/0407 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Nov 24, 2025
From: TILLOTTS PHARMA AG
To: CANCER PREVENTION PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Reel/Frame 073800/0690 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Nov 3, 2025
From: CREATIVE PLANNING BUSINESS ALLIANCE, LLC
To: USWM, LLC
Reel/Frame 072766/0028 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Oct 30, 2025
From: PANBELA THERAPEUTICS, INC.; PANBELA RESEARCH, INC.; CANCER PREVENTION PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
To: CREATIVE PLANNING BUSINESS ALLIANCE LLC
Reel/Frame 072735/0859 →
Priority Claims (2)
EP 16306429 · Oct 28, 2016 · regional
EP 16306430 · Oct 28, 2016 · regional
Continuity (6)
Continuation 18055494 · Nov 15, 2022
Continuation 17193588 · Mar 5, 2021
Continuation 15771484
Provisional Application 62358698 · Jul 6, 2016
Provisional Application 62248810 · Oct 30, 2015
Related Publication 20240173284A1 · May 30, 2024
References Cited (259)
US 4309442A · Bey et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4330559A · Bey et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4413141A · Bey et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4499072A · Sunkara et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4859452A · Ajani et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4925835A · Heston · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 5002879A · Bowlin et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5814625A · Larson et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5843929A · Larson et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 6258845B1 · Gerner et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6573290B1 · Love · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6602910B2 · Levenson et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6753422B2 · O'Brien et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 7273888B2 · Ramesh et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7592319B2 · Li et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 8329636B2 · Gerner et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 9072778B2 · Bachmann · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9121852B2 · Gerner et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9937141B2 · Gerner et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20020081611A1 · O'Brien et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020098161A1 · Uhrich · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020110590A1 · Shaked et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20050032726A1 · Li et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050037090A1 · McKearn et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050059690A1 · Newman et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20100120727A1 · Xu · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100197718A1 · Pisano et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100317708A1 · Gerner et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20110158983A1 · Bascomb et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110256161A1 · Burns et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20120259013A1 · Motwani et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20130137746A1 · Govek et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130157972A1 · Cheng et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130164751A1 · Gerner et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130216528A1 · Cheung et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130217743A1 · Raj et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20150301060A1 · Gerner et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160213634A1 · Gerner et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170362658A1 · Gerner et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
CA 2165481 · 1995 [cited by applicant]
CN 101898978 · 2010 [cited by applicant]
EP 2438919 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
JP 2002509884 · 2002 [cited by applicant]
JP 2002533416 · 2002 [cited by applicant]
JP 2005508971 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
JP 2012511052 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
JP 2014058547 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
JP 2018536707 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
WO WO994985901483144 · 1999 [cited by applicant]
WO WO200037107 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
WO WO0168076 · 2001 [cited by applicant]
WO WO0215895 · 2002 [cited by applicant]
WO WO03035043 · 2003 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2009011451 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2009022670 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2009048932 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2009052518A2 · 2009 [cited by examiner]
WO WO2010056919 · 2010 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2010132817 · 2010 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2011135459 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2014070767 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2014140072 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015054133 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015102400 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015195120 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016130918 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2017075576 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
Gutiérrez et al., “Inhibition of Polyamine Biosynthesis Reverses Ca2+ Channel Remodeling in Colon Cancer Cells”, Cancers, 2019, 11, 83, pp. 1-17. (Year: 2019). [cited by examiner]
“NCT01245816” dated Apr. 23, 2015, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov archive on Jan. 20, 2017. [cited by applicant]
“NCT01483144” dated Jul. 28, 2015, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov archive on Jan. 20, 2017. [cited by applicant]
“NCT01483144” updated Sep. 27, 2018, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00003076” updated Dec. 19, 2012, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00003814” updated Dec. 18, 2013, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 5, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00005882” updated Feb. 19, 2015, retrieved from apps.who.int on Feb. 5, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00005884” updated Oct. 2, 2015, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 5, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00006079” updated Oct. 25, 2018, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00006101” updated May 14, 2018, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 5, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00021294” updated Sep. 11, 2018, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 5, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00033371” updated Feb. 15, 2017, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00086736” updated Nov. 19, 2013, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00118365” updated Jan. 22, 2015, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00146627” updated Sep. 29, 2016, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00152048” updated Jun. 9, 2014, 2018, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00176995” updated Nov. 13, 2006, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00204789” updated Oct. 2, 2015, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 5, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00330148” updated May 26, 2006, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 5, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00489658” updated Jun. 21, 2007, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00601640” updated Mar. 23, 2017, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00906880” updated May 31, 2013, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT00983580” updated Apr. 30, 2018, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT01059071” updated Oct. 2, 2018, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT01349881” updated Dec. 21, 2018, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT01586260” updated Jul. 10, 2018, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT01636128” updated Jul. 30, 2014, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT01685827” updated Feb. 20, 2018, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 4, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT01817894” updated Dec. 2, 2013, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 5, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT02030964” updated Nov. 20, 2018, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 5, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT02139397” updated Jul. 10, 2018, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 5, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT02384889” updated Aug. 16, 2018, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 5, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“NCT02395666” updated Jul. 10, 2018, retrieved from clinicaltrials.gov on Feb. 5, 2019. [cited by applicant]
“VANIQA®” (eflornithine hydrochloride) Prescription Information, dated Jul. 2010. [cited by applicant]
Alberts et al., “Do NSAIDs exert their colon cancer chemoprevention activities through the inhibition of mucosal prostaglandin synthetase?,” [cited by applicant]
Arber et al., “A K-ras oncogene increases resistance to sulindac-induces apoptosis in rat enterocytes,” Gastroenterology, 113: 1892-1990, 1997. [cited by applicant]
Babbar et al., “Induction of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) by aspirin in Caco-2 colon cancer cells,” [cited by applicant]
Bachrach et al., “Polyamines: new cues in cellular signal transduction,” [cited by applicant]
Barry et al., “Ornithine decarboxylase polymorphism modification of response to aspirin treatment for colorectal adenoma prevention,” [cited by applicant]
Basuroy and Gerner, “Emerging concepts in targeting the polyamine metabolic pathway in epithelial cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy,” [cited by applicant]
Bedi et al., “Inhibition of apoptosis during development of colorectal cancer,” [cited by applicant]
Bello-Fernandez et al., “The ornithine decarboxylase gene is a transcriptional target of c-Myc,” [cited by applicant]
Boolbol et al., “Cyclooxygenase-2 overexpression and tumor formation are blocked by sulindac in a murine model of familial adenomatous polyposis,” [cited by applicant]
Boone et al., “Biomarker end-points in cancer chemoprevention trails,” IARC Scientific Publications, 142:273-280, 1997. [cited by applicant]
Boyle et al., “Polyamine contents in rectal and buccal mucosae in humans treated with oral difluoromethylornithine,” [cited by applicant]
Brabender et al., “Upregulation of ornithine decarboxylase mRNA expression in Barrett's esophagus and Barrett's-associated adenocarcinoma,” [cited by applicant]
Braverman et al., “Ornithine decarboxylase: an unreliable marker for the identification of population groups at risk for colonic neoplasia,” Am. J. Gastronenterology, 85:723-726, 1990. [cited by applicant]
Castel et al., “Treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma with anti-GD2 antibodies,” Clinical and Translational Oncology, 12:788-793, 2010. [cited by applicant]
Childs et al., “Polyamine-dependent gene expression,” [cited by applicant]
Croghan et al., “Dose-related alpha-difluoromethylornithine ototoxicity,” Am. J. Clin. Oncol., (14):331-5, 1991. [cited by applicant]
Declaration submitted in U.S. Appl. No. 13/709,753, dated Mar. 10, 2015. [cited by applicant]
Derynck et al., “TGF-beta signaling in tumor suppression and cancer progression,” [cited by applicant]
DuBois et al., “G1 delay in cells overexpressing prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2,” [cited by applicant]
Erdman et al., “Assessment of Mutations in Ki-ras and P53 in colon cancers from azoxymethane-and dimethylhydrazine-treated rats,” Mol. Carcin., (19):137-144, 1997. [cited by applicant]
Erdman et al., “APC-dependent changes in expression of genes influencing polyamine metabolism, and consequences for gastrointestinal carcinogenesis, in the [cited by applicant]
Extended European Search Report issued in European Patent Application No. 10775626.4, dated Feb. 4, 2013. [cited by applicant]
Fearon et al., “A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis,” [cited by applicant]
Fultz and Gerner, “APC-dependent regulation of ornithine decarboxylase in human colon tumor cells,” [cited by applicant]
Gamble et al., “Polyamine pathway inhibition as a novel therapeutic approach to treating neuroblastoma,” Frontier in Oncology, 2(162):1-10, 2012. [cited by applicant]
Gann et al., “Low-dose aspirin and incidence of colorectal tumors in a randomized trial,” [cited by applicant]
Gerner and Meyskens, “Polyamines and cancer: old molecules, new understanding,” [cited by applicant]
Gerner et al., “Combination chemoprevention for colon cancer targeting polyamine synthesis and inflammation,” [cited by applicant]
Gerner et al., “Gastrointestinal tissue polyamine contents of patients with Barrett's esophagus treated with alpha-difluoromethylornithine,” [cited by applicant]
Gerner, “Impact of dietary amino acids and polyamines on intestinal carcinogenesis and chemoprevention in mouse models,” [cited by applicant]
Gerner, E. W., et al. “Rationale for, and design of, a clinical trial targeting polyamine metabolism for colon cancer chemoprevention.” [cited by applicant]
Giardiello et al., “Ornithine decarboxylase and polyamines in familial adenomatous polyposis,” [cited by applicant]
Greenberg et al., “Reduced risk of large-bowel adenomas among aspirin users,” [cited by applicant]
Guo et al., “Functional analysis of human ornithine decarboxylase alleles,” [cited by applicant]
Hanif et al., “Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on proliferation and on induction of apoptosis in colon cancer cells by a prostaglandin-independent pathway,” [cited by applicant]
Hessels et al., “Microbial flora in the gastrointestinal tract abolishes cytostatic effects of α-difluoromethylornithine in vivo,” [cited by applicant]
Hixson et al., “Ornithine decarboxylase and polyamines in colorectal neoplasia and mucosa,” [cited by applicant]
Hixson et al., “Sources of variability in measurements of ornithine decarboxylase activity and polyamine contents in colorectal mucosa,” [cited by applicant]
Hogarty et al., “ODC1 is a critical determinant of MYCN oncogenesis and a therapeutic target in neuroblastoma,” Cancer Res., 68:9735-9745, 2008. [cited by applicant]
Hubner et al., “Ornithine decarboxylase G316A genotype is prognostic for colorectal adenoma recurrence and predicts efficacy of aspirin chemoprevention,” [cited by applicant]
Hughes, et al., “Polyamines reverse non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced toxicity in human colorectal cancer cells”, Biochem J, 374:481-8, 2003. [cited by applicant]
Ignatenko et al., “Dietary putrescine reduces the intestinal anticarcinogenic activity of sulindac in a murine model of familial adenomatous polyposis,” [cited by applicant]
Ignatenko et al., “Role of c-Myc in intestinal tumorigenesis of the ApcMin/+ mouse,” [cited by applicant]
Iwamoto et al., “Expression of beta-catenin and full-length APC protein in normal and neoplastic colonic tissues,” [cited by applicant]
Jass et al., “Emerging concepts in colorectal neoplasia,” [cited by applicant]
Johnson et al. “Relationships between drug activity in NCI preclinical in vitro and in vivo models and early clinical trials.” [cited by applicant]
Kawamori et al., “Chemopreventive activity of celecoxib, a specific cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, against colon carcinogenesis,” [cited by applicant]
Kelloff et al., “Chemopreventive drug development: perspectives and progress,” [cited by applicant]
Kelloff et al., “New agents for cancer chemoprevention,” [cited by applicant]
Kelloff et al., “Perspectives on chemoprevention agent selection and short-term clinical prevention trials,” [cited by applicant]
Kingsnorth et al., “Effects of alpha-difluoromethylornithine and 5-fluorouracil on the proliferation of a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line,” [cited by applicant]
Kruh et al., “Expression Pattern of MRP in Human Tissues and Adult Solid Tumor Cell Lines,” [cited by applicant]
Ladenheim et al., “Effect of sulindac on sporadic colonic polyps,” [cited by applicant]
Lanza et al., “Peptic ulcer and gastrointestinal hemorrhage associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use in patients younger than 65 years. A large health maintenance organization cohort study,” [cited by applicant]
Le et al., “Effects of socioeconomic status and treatment disparities in colorectal cancer survival,” [cited by applicant]
Levin et al., “Relationship between ornithine decarboxylase levels in anaplastic gliomas and pregression-free survival in patients treated with DFMO-PCV chemotherapy,” [cited by applicant]
Li et al., “Lubricants in Pharmaceutical Solid Dosage Forms”, [cited by applicant]
Linsalata et al., “Nutritional factors and polyamine metabolism in colorectal cancer,” [cited by applicant]
Lipkin, “New rodent models for studies of chemopreventive agents,” [cited by applicant]
Love et al., “Randomized phase I chemoprevention dose-seeking study of alpha-difluoromethylornithine,” [cited by applicant]
Lozier et al., “Targeting ornithine decarboxylase reverses the LIN28/Let-7 axis and inhibits glycolytic metabolism in neuroblastoma,” Oncotarget, 6:196-206, 2015. [cited by applicant]
Luk and Baylin, “Ornithine decarboxylase as a biologic marker in familial colonic polyposis,” [cited by applicant]
Lupulescu, “Control of precancer cell transformation into cancer cells: its relevance to cancer prevention,” [cited by applicant]
Mackenzie, Gerardo G., et al. “Phospho-sulindac (OXT-328) combined with difluoromethylornithine prevents colon cancer in mice.” Cancer prevention research 4.7 (2011): 1052-1060. [cited by applicant]
Martinez et al., “Pronounced reduction in adenoma recurrence associated with aspirin use and a polymorphism in the ornithine decarboxylase gene,” [cited by applicant]
Matsubara et al., “Association between high levels of ornithine decarboxylase activity and favorable prognosis in human colorectal carcinoma,” [cited by applicant]
Mayo Clinic, “Familial adenomatous polyposis” ([retrieved from on-line website: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/familial-adenomatous-polyposis/symptoms-causes/syc-20372443?p+1, pp. 1-3, Jun. 30, 2021])_. [cited by applicant]
McGarrity et al., “Colonic polyamine content and ornithine decarboxylase activity as markers for adenomas,” Cancer, 66:1539-1543, 1990. [cited by applicant]
McLaren et al., “Longitudinal assessment of air conduction audiograms in a phase III clinical trial of difluoromethylornithine and sulindac for prevention of sporadic colorectal adenomas,” [cited by applicant]
Meyskens and Gerner, “Development of difluoromethylornithine as a chemoprevention agent for the management of colon cancer,” [cited by applicant]
Meyskens et al., “Development of difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) as a chemoprevention agent,” [cited by applicant]
Meyskens et al., “Difluoromethylornithine plus sulindac for the prevention of sporadic colorectal adenomas: a randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind trial,” [cited by applicant]
Meyskens et al., “Dose de-escalation chemoprevention trial of alpha-difluoromethylornithine in patients with colon polyps,” [cited by applicant]
Meyskens et al., “Effect of alpha-difluoromethylornithine on rectal mucosal levels of polyamines in a randomized, double-blinded trial for colon cancer prevention,” [cited by applicant]
Muscat et al., “Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and colorectal cancer,” [cited by applicant]
Nishimura et al., “Independent roles of eIF5A and polyamines in cell proliferation,” Biochem. J., 385:779-785, 2005. [cited by applicant]
O'Brien et al., “Differences in ornithine decarboxylase and androgen receptor allele frequencies among ethnic groups,” [cited by applicant]
Office Communication issued in JP Patent Application No. 2018-543001, dated Jul. 19, 2021. (English Translation). [cited by applicant]
Office Communication issued in U.S. Appl. No. 12/780,592, dated Aug. 14, 2012. [cited by applicant]
Office Communication issued in U.S. Appl. No. 13/709,753, dated Sep. 10, 2014. [cited by applicant]
Office Communication issued in U.S. Appl. No. 13/709,753, dated Apr. 21, 2015. [cited by applicant]
Office Communication issued in U.S. Appl. No. 14/841,750, dated Apr. 21, 2017. [cited by applicant]
Office Communication issued in U.S. Appl. No. 14/841,750, dated Nov. 24, 2017. [cited by applicant]
Office Communication issued in U.S. Appl. No. 15/319,857, dated Sep. 13, 2018. [cited by applicant]
Office Communication issued in U.S. Appl. No. 12/780,592, dated Mar. 20, 2012. [cited by applicant]
Office Action issued in corresponding Korean Application No. 10-2018-7015233 dated Sep. 19, 2023 with English translation. [cited by applicant]
Office Action issued in correspondence Japanese Application No. 2021-186911 dated Aug. 2, 2023 with English translation. [cited by applicant]
Pardali and Moustakas, “Actions of TGF-beta as tumor suppressor and pro-metastatic factor in human cancer,” [cited by applicant]
Pasricha et al., “The effects of sulindac on colorectal proliferation and apoptosis in familial adenomatous polyposis,” [cited by applicant]
Paz et al., “Polyamines are oncometabolites that regulate the LIN28/let-7 pathway in colorectal cancer cells,” Molecular Carcinogensis, 2013. [cited by applicant]
PCT International Search Report and Written Opinion, issued in International Application No. PCT/US2016/059689, dated Jan. 31, 2017. [cited by applicant]
Peel et al., “Characterization of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer families from a population-based series of cases,” [cited by applicant]
Pegg, “Recent advances in the biochemistry of polyamines in eukaryotes,” [cited by applicant]
Piazza et al., “Antineoplastic drugs sulindac sulfide and sulfone inhibit cell growth by inducing apoptosis,” [cited by applicant]
Piazza et al., “Apoptosis primarily accounts for the growth-inhibitory properties of sulindac metabolites and involves a mechanism that is independent of cyclooxygenase inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and p53 induction,” [cited by applicant]
Piazza et al., “Sulindac sulfone inhibits azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats without reducing prostaglandin levels,” [cited by applicant]
Pollard and Luckert, “Prevention and treatment of primary intestinal tumors in rats by piroxicam,” [cited by applicant]
Porter et al., “Polyamine biosynthetic activity in normal and neoplastic human colorectal tissue,” [cited by applicant]
Quemener et al., “Polyamine deprivation: a new tool in cancer treatment,” [cited by applicant]
Raj et al., “Role of dietary polyamines in a phase III clinical trial of difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and sulindac for prevention of sporadic colorectal adenomas,” [cited by applicant]
Rao et al., “Chemoprevention of colon carcinogenesis by sulindac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent,” [cited by applicant]
Reddy et al., “Chemoprevention of colon carcinogenesis by concurrent administration of piroxicam, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug with D,L-alpha-difluoromethylornithine, an ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor, in die… [cited by applicant]
Reddy et al., “Dose-related inhibition of colon carcinogenesis by dietary piroxicam, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, during different stages of rat colon tumor development,” [cited by applicant]
Rial, Nathaniel S., Frank L. Meyskens, and Eugene W. Gerner. “Polyamines as mediators of APC-dependent intestinal carcinogenesis and cancer chemoprevention.” Essays in biochemistry 46 (2009): 111-124. [cited by applicant]
Roberts and Wakefield, “The two faces of transforming growth factor beta in carcinogenesis,” [cited by applicant]
Rounbehler et al., “Targeting ornithine decarboxylase impairs development of MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma,” Cancer Res., 69:547-553, 2009. [cited by applicant]
Saletta et al., “Molecular profiling of childhood cancer: Biomarkers and novel therapies,” BBA Clinical, 1:59-77, 2014. [cited by applicant]
Samaba, Hanan S., et al. “Modulation of apoptosis by sulindac, curcumin, phenylethyl-3- methylcaffeate, and 6-phenylhexyl isothiocyanate: apoptotic index as a biomarker in colon cancer chemoprevention and promotion.” [cited by applicant]
Samal et al., “AMXT-1501, a novel polyamine transport inhibitor, synergizes with DFMO in inhibiting neuroblastoma cell proliferation by targeting both ornithine decarboxylase and polyamine transport,” Int. J. Cancer, 13… [cited by applicant]
Sausville, Edward A., and Angelika M. Burger. “Contributions of human tumor xenografts to anticancer drug development.” Cancer Research 66.7 (2006): 3351-3354. [cited by applicant]
Seiler and Knodgen, “High-performance liquid chromatographic procedure for the simultaneous determination of the natural polyamines and their monoacetyl derivatives,” [cited by applicant]
Seiler et al., “Endogenous and exogenous polyamines in support of tumor growth,” [cited by applicant]
Sholler et al., [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; Apr. 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr … [cited by applicant]
Silva et al., “Role of peripheral polyamines in the development of inflammatory pain,” Biochemical Pharmacology, 82:269-277, 2011. [cited by applicant]
Simoneau et al., “Alpha-difluoromethylornithine and polyamine levels in the human prostate: results of a phase IIa trial,” [cited by applicant]
Simoneau et al., “The effect of difluoromethylornithine on decreasing prostate size and polyamines in men: results of a year-long phase IIb randomized placebo-controlled chemoprevention trial,” [cited by applicant]
Singh and Reddy, “Molecular markers in chemoprevention of colon cancer. Inhibition of expression of ras-p21 and p53 by sulindac during azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis,” [cited by applicant]
Singh et al., “ [cited by applicant]
Singh et al., “Modulation of azoxymethane-induced mutational activation of ras protooncogenes by chemopreventive agents in colon carcinogenesis,” [cited by applicant]
Smithson et al., “Discovery of potent and selective inhibitors of Trypanosoma brucei ornithine decarboxylase,” [cited by applicant]
Soda et al., “Polyamine-rich food decreases age-associated pathology and mortality in aged mice,” [cited by applicant]
Su et al., “Multiple intestinal neoplasia caused by a mutation in the murine homolog of the APC gene,” [cited by applicant]
Supplementary European Search Report issued in European Application No. 11 78 1359, dated Nov. 5, 2013. [cited by applicant]
Tabib et al., “Role of polyamines in mediating malignant transformation and oncogene expression,” [cited by applicant]
Tempero et al., “Chemoprevention of mouse colon tumors with difluoromethylornithine during and after carcinogen treatment,” [cited by applicant]
Thomas and Thomas, “Polyamine metabolism and cancer,” [cited by applicant]
Thompson et al., “Inhibition of mammary carcinogenesis by sulfone metabolite of sulindac,” [cited by applicant]
Thompson et al., “Levels of rectal mucosal polyamines and prostaglandin E2 predict ability of DFMO and sulindac to prevent colorectal adenoma,” [cited by applicant]
Thompson, et al., “Sulfone metabolite of sulindac inhibits mammary carcinogenesis,” Cancer Research, 57:267-271, 1997. [cited by applicant]
Vane and Botting, “Mechanism of action of anti-inflammatory drugs,” [cited by applicant]
Visvanathan et al., “Association among an ornithine decarboxylase polymorphism, androgen receptor gene (CAG) repeat length and prostate cancer risk,” [cited by applicant]
Wallace and Caslake, “Polyamines and colon cancer,” [cited by applicant]
Wallace, “The physiological role of the polyamines,” [cited by applicant]
Wang et al., “Mucosal polyamine measurements and colorectal cancer risk,” [cited by applicant]
Zell et al., “Associations of a polymorphism in the ornithine decarboxylase gene with colorectal cancer survival,” [cited by applicant]
Zell et al., “Ornithine decarboxylase (Odc)-1 gene polymorphism effects on baseline tissue polyamine levels and adenoma recurrence in a randomized phase III adenoma prevention trial of DFMO + sulindac versus placebo,” [cited by applicant]
Zell et al., “Ornithine decarboxylase-1 polymorphism, chemoprevention with eflornithine and sulindac, and outcomes among colorectal adenoma patients,” [cited by applicant]
Zell et al., “Risk and risk reduction involving arginine intake and meat consumption in colorectal tumorigenesis and survival,” [cited by applicant]
Zell et al., “Risk of cardiovascular events in a randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of difluoromethylornithine plus sulindac for the prevention of sporadic colorectal adenomas,” [cited by applicant]
Zell et al., “Survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis is associated with colorectal cancer family history,” [cited by applicant]
Zeng, G. X., et al. “New concept and clinical application of colorectal intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma.” Zhonghua wai ke za zhi [Chinese journal of surgery] 45.7 (2007): 449-451. [cited by applicant]
Ziogas and Anton-Culver, “Validation of family history data in cancer family registries,” [cited by applicant]
Zoumas-Morse et al., “Development of a polyamine database for assessing dietary intake,” [cited by applicant]
Office Communication issued in Chilean Application No. 201801157, mailed May 15, 2019. Original—English Translation provided below. [cited by applicant]
Office Communication issued in Chilean Application No. 201801157, mailed May 15, 2019. (Machine Translation). [cited by applicant]
Burke, Carol A., et al. “Efficacy and safety of eflornithine (CPP-1X)/sulindac combination therapy versus each as monotherapy in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP): design and rationale of a randomized, … [cited by applicant]
Office Communication issued in corresponding Taiwanese Application No. 105135187, mailed on Oct. 30, 2019. (English translation appended). [cited by applicant]
Stahl, “Preventing Tablet Capping”, URL: <https://www.gea.com/en/stories/preventing-tablet-capping.jsp>, 2014. [cited by applicant]
Office Communication issued in corresponding Taiwanese Application No. 105135187, mailed on Jun. 29, 2020. (English translation appended). [cited by applicant]
Carbone et al., “Bioavailability Study of Oral Liquid and Tablet Forms of α- Difluoromethylornithine [cited by applicant]
Clinoril Tablet, appended paper, 2009. [cited by applicant]
Matsubara et al., “Chemoprevention for Familial Adenomatous Polyposis,” Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy, English Abstract, Jun. 2015, 42(6), 699-703. [cited by applicant]
Ooya et al., “Combination Drugs and Adherence to Taking Medicines,” The Journal of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine, 2011, Abstract. [cited by applicant]
Kawana et al., Prevent Colorectal Cancer (Part 2), The Journal of Therapy, 2010 Introduction. [cited by applicant]
Office Communication issued in corresponding Japanese Application No. 2018-543001, mailed on Sep. 3, 2020. (English translation appended). [cited by applicant]
Desai, Divyakant, et al. “Formulation design, challenges, and development considerations for fixed dose combination (FDC) of oral solid dosage forms.” [cited by applicant]
Horn, Yoav, Lina Spigel, and Laurence J. Marton. “Urinary polyamine levels in cancer patients treated with D, L-α-Difluoromethylornithine, an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis.” [cited by applicant]
Office Communication issued in Europen Patent Application No. 16794183.0, dated Apr. 11, 2022. [cited by applicant]