IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,449,387
Granted Patent B2
US 12,449,387 · App. 18/440,806 · Granted Oct 21, 2025

Reconfiguring a second type of sensor based on sensing data of a first type of sensor

Inventors: Daniel Cook (Woodside, CA); Michael Stowell (Sunnyvale, CA); Karel Vanheusden (Woodside, CA); George Clayton Gibbs (Santa Clara, CA); Jacques Nicole (Palo Alto, CA); Carlos Montalvo (Cambria, CA); Kyle Matthys (Los Altos Hills, CA); Bruce Lanning (Littleton, CO); Sung Lim (Mountain View, CA); John Chmiola (San Francisco, CA)
Assignee: LYTEN, INC.
G01N27/02G01N27/221G01N27/4145G01N27/447G01N27/72G02F1/167G06Q30/018G06Q50/06H04L9/3247H04L63/1416G01N2027/222
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,449,387
App. No.
18/440,806
Granted
Oct 21, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

Methods and system to learn precise sensing fingerprints based on machine learning integration are disclosed herein. In use, the system receives at least one first parameter associated with at least one sensor and associates the first parameter with a pre-identified first digital signature in a signature database. A machine learning system is trained based on the first parameter and the pre-identified digital signature. The system then receives at least one second parameter from the at least one sensor and determines that the second parameter is independent of a digital signature in the signature database. Using the machine learning system, a second digital signature for the second parameter is identified and saved in the signature database.

Claims (57)

1. A system, comprising:

a sensor as a service platform that:

receives first sensor data from a first sensor device having a first set of capabilities, wherein the first sensor device responds to at least one chemical, biological, or electromagnetic interaction with the first sensor device;

analyzes the first sensor data to determine a second set of capabilities, wherein the at least a portion of the second set of capabilities is different from the first set of capabilities; and

transmits a sensor update to the first sensor device, wherein:

the sensor update comprises at least one data packet sent from the sensor as a service platform to the first sensor device, wherein the first sensor device is formed from a three-dimensional (3D) monolithic carbonaceous growth, and

the first sensor device activates the sensor update in order to at least one of: increase a sampling rate, improve a data resolution, expand a detection range, provide additional sensing modalities, or modify data processing algorithms.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second set of capabilities corresponds to at least one of, a greater degree of sensitivity of the first sensor device as compared to the first set of capabilities, or a second set of capabilities pertaining to a second sensor, or wherein the second set of capabilities corresponds to an analyte fingerprint that is different than an analyte fingerprint of the first set of capabilities.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor as a service platform further receives array sensor data from an array of sensors.

4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the array sensor data is received collectively at the sensors as a service platform by at least one sensor of the sensor array.

5. The system of claim 3 , wherein the sensor as a service platform further manages the array of sensors, wherein the manage includes increasing or decreasing sensor capabilities for each sensor of the array of sensors.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor data is received at the sensors as a service platform from the first sensor device.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor data is received at the sensors as a service platform from a central sensor node associated with the first sensor device.

8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor data is received at the sensors as a service platform from another sensor device associated with the first sensor device.

9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the another sensor device and the first sensor device are configured in a mesh network configuration.

10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor device is an edge device.

11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the first sensor data is processed by the first sensor device prior to being received by the sensors as a service platform.

12. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor update affects the first sensor device as well as at least one other sensor device.

13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the at least one other sensor device is in a same sensor asset class as the first sensor device.

14. The system of claim 1 , wherein a resonant frequency of the 3D monolithic carbonaceous growth is based at least in part on either or both of a permittivity and a permeability of a material associated with the first sensor device.

15. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor device is a split-ring resonator (SRR) on or embedded in a material, wherein the SRR includes a resonance portion, wherein the resonance portion is configured to resonate at a first frequency in response to an electromagnetic ping when a state of the material exceeds a threshold, and is configured to resonate at a second frequency in response to the electromagnetic ping when the state of the material is beneath the threshold.

16. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor device is integrated within a label configured to be removably printed onto a surface of a package or container, and the label comprises one or more carbon-based inks.

17. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor device is carbon-based and is functionalized with a material configured to react with each analyte of a first group of analytes.

18. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor device includes a three-dimensional (3D) graphene layer, wherein the 3D graphene layer is biofunctionalized with a molecular recognition element configured to alter one or more electrical properties of the 3D graphene layer in response to exposure of the molecular recognition element to an analyte.

19. The system of claim 18 , wherein the molecular recognition element is a biological material configured to selectively bind with the analyte.

20. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor device is a three-dimensional (3D) carbon-based structure configured to guide a migration of electrically charged electrophoretic ink particles dispersed throughout the 3D carbon-based structure, the electrically charged electrophoretic ink particles responsive to application of a voltage to the 3D carbon-based structure.

21. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor as a service platform further receives second sensor data from the first sensor device, wherein the second sensor data corresponds to the second set of capabilities.

22. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second set of capabilities comprise at least two of:

increased sampling rate;

improved resolution;

expanded detection range;

additional sensing modalities; or

enhanced data processing algorithms.

23. The system of claim 1 , wherein the determination of the sensor update is based on at least one of:

historical sensor data;

environmental conditions;

user preferences;

application requirements; or

available system resources.

24. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first set of capabilities include a first grouping of analytes, and the second set of capabilities includes a second grouping of analytes, wherein the second grouping includes the first grouping as well as additional analytes.

25. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first set of capabilities include a first set of preconfigured frequencies for a split ring resonator, and the second set of capabilities include a second set of preconfigured frequencies for the split ring resonator, wherein the second set of preconfigured frequencies includes the first set of preconfigured frequencies as well as additional frequencies.

26. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second set of capabilities corresponds to an analyte fingerprint that is different than an analyte fingerprint of the first set of capabilities.

27. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor update with the second set of capabilities is transmitted to the first sensor device as a wireless communication transmission.

28. The system of claim 27 , wherein the wireless communication transmission comprises:

a series of electromagnetic pulses encoding instructions for implementing the second set of capabilities; and

wherein the first sensor device is configured to:

receive the wireless communication transmission,

decode the instructions from the electromagnetic pulses, and

implement the second set of capabilities based on the decoded instructions.

29. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system further causes:

generating wireless communication packets encoding the second set of capabilities;

transmitting the wireless communication packets to the first sensor device;

wherein the first sensor device is configured to:

receive the wireless communication packets,

demodulate the wireless communication packets to extract the second set of capabilities,

store the extracted second set of capabilities in a memory of the first sensor device, and

activate the second set of capabilities based on predetermined criteria or a received activation command.

Assignments (2)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Apr 18, 2025
From: MATTHYS, KYLE; LANNING, BRUCE
To: LYTEN, INC.
Reel/Frame 070890/0054 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Nov 5, 2024
From: COOK, DANIEL; STOWELL, MICHAEL; VANHEUSDEN, KAREL; GIBBS, GEORGE CLAYTON; NICOLE, JACQUES; MONTALVO, CARLOS; MATTHYS, KYLE; LANNING, BRUCE; LIM, SUNG; CHMIOLA, JOHN
To: LYTEN, INC.
Reel/Frame 069150/0001 →
Continuity (6)
Provisional Application 63622464 · Jan 18, 2024
Provisional Application 63532859 · Aug 15, 2023
Provisional Application 63531657 · Aug 9, 2023
Provisional Application 63525346 · Jul 6, 2023
Provisional Application 63445948 · Feb 15, 2023
Related Publication 20240272103A1 · Aug 15, 2024
References Cited (162)
US 6359444B1 · Grimes · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6525105B1 · Udagawa et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6885291B1 · Pollack et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6997039B2 · Rao et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7581439B2 · Rensel et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 8364419B2 · Potyrailo et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8448496B2 · Huang et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8567232B2 · Ackley et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8736425B2 · Potyrailo · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 9038443B1 · Pace et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9172147B1 · Manry, Jr. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9208362B1 · Fink et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9395343B2 · Schmid et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9403279B2 · Smith · 2016 [cited by examiner]
US 9705469B2 · Rinaldi et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9944131B2 · Wei et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10278287B2 · Wilson · 2019 [cited by examiner]
US 10492683B2 · Yalçinkaya et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10502705B2 · Stowell et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10802018B2 · Cubukcu et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 11014413B2 · Räisänen et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11137368B2 · Stowell et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11555748B2 · Stowell et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11555761B1 · Stowell · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11585731B2 · Stowell et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11892372B2 · Stowell et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20030080919A1 · Forster et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030201044A1 · Schick · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20040113846A1 · Achim · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20070068493A1 · Pavlovsky · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070090926A1 · Potyrailo et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070175555A1 · Myatt · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070295069A1 · Mancosu et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20080135614A1 · Werner et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20090145233A1 · Eklund et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090234587A1 · Hsiung et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090327188A1 · Ryhanen et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20110040498A1 · Huang et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20120235690A1 · Potyrailo et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20130150516A1 · Lettow · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130214875A1 · Duncan et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130285681A1 · Wilson et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20140002111A1 · Potyrailo et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140134092A1 · Shankman · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140266850A1 · Suorsa · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140305191A1 · Schmid et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140350883A1 · Carter et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140354112A1 · Rocha · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20150118492A1 · Sitharaman et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150123678A1 · Neikirk et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150323482A1 · Shimoyama et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160033442A1 · Sun et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160065169A1 · Rinaldi et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160091544A1 · Daneshmand et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160169824A1 · Shin et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160282312A1 · Cable et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170096036A1 · Guinart et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170294698A1 · Cho et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170294699A1 · Cho et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170330004A1 · Gibson · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20180042479A1 · Yalçinkaya et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180265666A1 · Anzelmo et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180346684A1 · Polyzos et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20190204265A1 · Stowell et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190260120A1 · Khushrushahi et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190264004A1 · Stowell et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190277702A1 · Aleman et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190277761A1 · Falk et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190324433A1 · Cella · 2019 [cited by examiner]
US 20190379639A1 · Corning · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20200242858A1 · Meroux et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200278304A1 · Udpa et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20210112781A1 · Crouthamel et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210118081A1 · Jha et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210293521A1 · Stowell et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210293630A1 · Stowell et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210348909A1 · Stowell et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20220146415A1 · Putkaradze et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20230017082A1 · Stowell et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230018475A1 · Stowell · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230019088A1 · Montalvo et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230021276A1 · Stowell et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230083633A1 · Desai · 2023 [cited by examiner]
US 20230096239A1 · Cole · 2023 [cited by examiner]
US 20230296479A1 · Stowell et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230384264A1 · Jardine et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230384265A1 · Jardine et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230417685A1 · Jardine et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20240003779A1 · Stowell et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20240273648A1 · Cook et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20240275608A1 · Cook et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20240280526A1 · Cook et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20240288381A1 · Stowell et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20250016970A1 · Anzelmo et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
US 20250076233A1 · Cook et al. · 2025 [cited by applicant]
CN 104677879B · 2017 [cited by applicant]
EP 1289809B1 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
JP 5822282B2 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
KR 100721261B1 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
TW 201312104A · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO 199325400A1 · 1993 [cited by applicant]
WO 2009024673A1 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO 2013027029A1 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO 2013192335A1 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO 2014169195A1 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO 2015083073A1 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO 2016068810A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO 2019067488A1 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
WO 2019136181A1 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
WO 2020198451A1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
WO 2021096890A1 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
WO 2023003893A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
Stowell et al., U.S. Appl. No. 17/940,227, filed Sep. 8, 2022. [cited by applicant]
Stowell, M., U.S. Appl. No. 17/940,240, filed Sep. 8, 2022. [cited by applicant]
Montalvo et al., U.S. Appl. No. 17/940,246, filed Sep. 8, 2022. [cited by applicant]
Stowell et al., U.S. Appl. No. 17/940,256, filed Sep. 8, 2022. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion from PCT Application No. PCT/US2019/012224, dated Apr. 26, 2019. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion from PCT Application No. PCT/US2021/042735, dated Nov. 3, 2021. [cited by applicant]
Na et al., “Graphene-Based Wireless Environmental Gas Sensor on PET Substrate,” IEEE Sensor Journal, 2015, pp. 1-7. [cited by applicant]
Potyrailo et al., “A Passive Radio-Frequency Identification {RFID) Gas Sensor With Self-Correction Against Fluctuations of Ambient Temperature,” Sens Actuators B Chem., vol. 185, Aug. 1, 2013, 16 pages. [cited by applicant]
Potyrailo et al., “Multivariable MHz and GHz Wireless Chem/Bio Sensors for Environmental, Industrial, and Security Applications,” The 14th International Meeting on Chemical Sensors (IMCS), vol. 40, May 2012, pp. 399-402. [cited by applicant]
Potyrailo et al., “Wireless sensors and sensor networks for homeland security applications,” Trends in Analytical Chemistry, vol. 40, Nov. 1, 2012, pp. 1-25. [cited by applicant]
Zhu et al., “Optoelectromechanical Multimodal Biosensor with Graphene Active Region,” Nano Letters, vol. 14, 2014, pp. 5641-5649. [cited by applicant]
Non-Final Office Action from U.S. Appl. No. 17/940,227, dated Nov. 14, 2022. [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance from U.S. Appl. No. 17/940,240, dated Nov. 16, 2022. [cited by applicant]
Stowell et al., U.S. Appl. No. 17/340,678, filed Jun. 7, 2021. [cited by applicant]
Stowell et al., U.S. Appl. No. 17/340,514, filed Jun. 7, 2021. [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance from U.S. Appl. No. 17/340,514, dated Oct. 5, 2022. [cited by applicant]
Corrected Notice of Allowance from U.S. Appl. No. 17/340,514, dated Oct. 27, 2022. [cited by applicant]
Stowell et al., U.S. Appl. No. 17/340,493, filed Jun. 7, 2021. [cited by applicant]
Non-Final Office Action from U.S. Appl. No. 17/340,493, dated Jul. 21, 2022. [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance from U.S. Appl. No. 17/340,493, dated Oct. 13, 2022. [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance from U.S. Appl. No. 17/940,227, dated Dec. 8, 2022. [cited by applicant]
Stowell et al., U.S. Appl. No. 18/080,606, filed Dec. 13, 2022. [cited by applicant]
Corrected Notice of Allowance from U.S. Appl. No. 17/940,240, dated Dec. 2, 2022. [cited by applicant]
Corrected Notice of Allowance from U.S. Appl. No. 17/940,227, dated Jan. 5, 2022. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion from PCT Application No. PCT/US 22/43125, dated Dec. 15, 2022. [cited by applicant]
Non-Final Office Action from U.S. Appl. No. 18/080,606, dated Jul. 20, 2023. [cited by applicant]
Reddy et al., “Split ring resonator and its evolved structures over the past decade,” IEEE International Conference on Emerging Trends in Computing, Communication, and Nanotechnology (ICECCN), 2013, pp. 625-629. [cited by applicant]
Jardine et al., U.S. Appl. No. 18/230,072, filed Aug. 3, 2023. [cited by applicant]
Jardine et al., U.S. Appl. No. 18/230,080, filed Aug. 3, 2023. [cited by applicant]
Jardine et al., U.S. Appl. No. 18/230,083, filed Aug. 3, 2023. [cited by applicant]
Non-Final Office Action from U.S. Appl. No. 18/080,606, dated Aug. 24, 2023. [cited by applicant]
Stowell et al., U.S. Appl. No. 18/369,418, filed Sep. 18, 2023. [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance from U.S. Appl. No. 18/080,606, dated Sep. 29, 2023. [cited by applicant]
Non-Final Office Action from U.S. Appl. No. 18/369,418, dated Oct. 31, 2023. [cited by applicant]
Corrected Notice of Allowance from U.S. Appl. No. 18/080,606, dated Dec. 6, 2023. [cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance from U.S. Appl. No. 18/369,418, dated Dec. 5, 2023. [cited by applicant]
Corrected Notice of Allowance from U.S. Appl. No. 18/369,418, dated Dec. 26, 2023. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion from PCT Application No. PCT/US23/33178, dated Dec. 20, 2023. [cited by applicant]
Corrected Notice of Allowance from U.S. Appl. No. 18/369,418, dated Jan. 17, 2024. [cited by applicant]
Cook et al., U.S. Appl. No. 18/440,719, filed Feb. 13, 2024. [cited by applicant]
Cook et al., U.S. Appl. No. 18/440,741, filed Feb. 13, 2024. [cited by applicant]
Stowell et al., U.S. Appl. No. 18/440,753, filed Feb. 13, 2024. [cited by applicant]
Cook et al., U.S. Appl. No. 18/440,769, filed Feb. 13, 2024. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion from PCT Application No. PCT/US 24/15862, dated Jul. 18, 2024. [cited by applicant]
Anzelmo et al., U.S. Appl. No. 18/889,176, filed Sep. 18, 2024. [cited by applicant]
Cook et al., U.S. Appl. No. 18/952,878, filed Nov. 19, 2024. [cited by applicant]
Non-Final Office Action from U.S. Appl. No. 18/889,176, dated Dec. 4, 2024. [cited by applicant]
Non-Final Office Action from U.S. Appl. No. 18/952,878, dated Jan. 16, 2025. [cited by applicant]
Non-Final Office Action from U.S. Appl. No. 18/889,176, dated Mar. 18, 2025. [cited by applicant]
Materialdistrict, “Metamaterial Mechanisms Made From A Single Piece of Plastic,” MaterialDistrict, Oct. 18, 2016, 3 pages. [cited by applicant]