Carotid sinus nerve stimulation
Methods and systems for stimulating nerve fibers to treat a condition in a patient are disclosed herein. Such methods can include stimulating, via an electrode device, afferent fibers associated with baroreceptors and/or a carotid sinus nerve of a patient; sensing a heart rate of the patient; and adjusting a stimulation frequency of the afferent fibers based on the sensed heart rate. The heart rate can be indicative of an activity level of the patient, and an increase in the sensed heart rate can cause an increase in the stimulation frequency.
1. A method for stimulating nerve fibers to treat a condition in a patient, the method comprising:
stimulating, via an electrode device, afferent fibers associated with baroreceptors and/or a carotid sinus nerve of the patient;
sensing a heart rate of the patient, wherein the heart rate is indicative of an activity level of the patient; and
adjusting a stimulation frequency of the afferent fibers based on the sensed heart rate, wherein an increase in the sensed heart rate causes an increase in the stimulation frequency.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein stimulating the afferent fibers comprises sending a stimulation signal from a pulse generator implanted in the patient through a first lead to the electrode device.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrode device is a multipolar electrode device.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein stimulating the afferent fibers comprises providing a stimulation signal with parameters in ranges of 1-25 milliampere (mA) amplitude, 0.06-5 millisecond (ms) pulse widths, and 1-5000 Hertz (Hz) frequency.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stimulation frequency is between 80 Hertz (Hz) and 120 Hz.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein adjusting the stimulation frequency comprises increasing a frequency of the stimulation if the sensed heart rate is above a first predefined threshold and/or decreasing the frequency of the stimulation if the sensed heart rate is below a second predefined threshold.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein sensing the heart rate comprises using data selected from a group consisting of an electrocardiogram, a blood pressure waveform, a phonocardiograph and an arterial distension waveform.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising timing the stimulating by delivering all of a pulse train of the stimulation during a diastolic phase of a heartbeat of the patient.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein stimulating the afferent fibers comprises selectively stimulating only afferent nerve fibers and not stimulating efferent nerve fibers.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the activity level comprises sitting, standing, or walking.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrode device is flexible and has multiple flaps connected along a first edge and open along a second edge, wherein the second edge is configured to admit the afferent fibers.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein adjusting the stimulation frequency corresponds to adjusting a number of electrical pulses configured to be delivered to the patient.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adjusting amplitude and/or pulse width based on the sensed heart rate.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sensed heart rate is a first sensed heart rate, the method further comprising:
sensing a second heart rate of the patient; and
adjusting the stimulation frequency based on the second sensed heart rate.
15. An implantable system for stimulating nerve fibers to treat a condition in a patient, the system comprising:
a pulse generator;
an electrode device configured to stimulate afferent fibers associated with baroreceptors and/or a carotid sinus nerve of the patient;
a lead attached and operably coupled to the pulse generator and electrode device; and
a computing device connected to the pulse generator and configured to:
provide a first stimulation via the electrode device;
after providing the stimulation, receive a sensed cardiac cycle from the patient, wherein the sensed cardiac cycle is indicative of an activity level of the patient;
transmit, to the pulse generator, a stimulation frequency correlated to the sensed cardiac cycle, such that an increase in the sensed cardiac cycle causes an increase in the stimulation frequency; and
provide a second stimulation based on the stimulation frequency.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the stimulation frequency corresponds to a number of electrical impulses.
17. The system of claim 15 , wherein providing the second stimulation comprises maintaining a number of electrical impulses per cardiac cycle.
18. The system of claim 15 , wherein adjusting the stimulation frequency comprises adjusting the stimulation frequency such that a number of electrical impulses is constant per cardiac cycle.
19. The system of claim 15 , wherein the electrode device is a book-shaped multipolar electrode device.
20. The system of claim 15 , wherein receiving the sensed cardiac cycle comprises receiving a frequency of the sensed cardiac cycle.