Heat integration
A method for heat integration between a chemical synthesis plant that runs an exothermic reaction and (ii) and a partner plant that generates a working fluid such as steam (e.g., runs a power cycle). The present disclosure describes both internal and external heat integration. Internal heat integration may provide heat from the exothermic reaction (e.g., from methanol synthesis) to a reboiler associated with a distillation column of the chemical synthesis plant. External heat integration may use heat from the exothermic reaction to preheat a condensed water stream (which stream is downstream from the turbine and condenser of the power cycle). Such reduces the need for bleed off the turbine to preheat condensed water as part of the power cycle. A bleed off the turbine provides heat to the reboiler associated with the distillation column of the chemical synthesis plant. Heat integration provides overall improved energy use within both plants.
1. A system for heat integration between (i) a partner plant which generates steam or another working fluid and (ii) a chemical synthesis plant which produces heat from an exothermic reaction, the system comprising:
a steam or other working fluid generator associated with the partner plant;
a turbine associated with the partner plant, the turbine being configured to receive steam or other working fluid from the steam or other working fluid generator;
a condenser associated with the partner plant, the condenser being configured to receive spent steam or other working fluid from the turbine and to cool and/or condense the spent steam or other working fluid;
a water pre-heater, associated with the partner plant, the water pre-heater being configured to receive the condensed steam or other working fluid from the condenser; and
one or more bleed streams from the turbine;
wherein a first bleed stream of the one or more bleed streams from the turbine is fed to a heat exchanger of the chemical synthesis plant where heat from the first bleed stream is used by the chemical synthesis plant to heat a bottoms condensate fraction from a distillation column in a reboiler associated with said distillation column, the heat exchanger returning a cold stream to the water pre-heater associated with the partner plant, wherein the reboiler is configured to obtain heat, directly or indirectly, from the exothermic reaction conducted within a reactor of the chemical synthesis plant; and
wherein a second bleed stream of the one or more bleed streams from the turbine is fed to the water pre-heater and is of a lesser flow rate than would be required if the heat exchanger of the chemical synthesis plant did not return a cold stream to the water pre-heater associated with the partner plant.
2. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the partner plant includes a power cycle used to produce electricity.
3. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the partner plant includes a power cycle that is not used to produce electricity.
4. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein steam or other working fluid from the partner plant is used to run mechanical equipment, for capturing CO 2 , and/or for H 2 generation.
5. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the second bleed stream from the turbine is a low pressure bleed stream and the first bleed stream is a higher pressure bleed stream than the second bleed stream.
6. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the bleed stream fed to the heat exchanger of the chemical synthesis plant is a medium pressure bleed stream.
7. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the condenser is a seawater condenser.
8. A system for heat integration between (i) a partner plant which generates steam or another working fluid as part of a power cycle and (ii) a chemical synthesis plant which produces heat from an exothermic reaction, wherein:
a bleed stream taken from a turbine of the power cycle of the partner plant is fed into a heat exchanger for heating a bottoms condensate fraction from a distillation column in a reboiler associated with said distillation column of the chemical synthesis plant, the heat exchanger returning a cold stream to a water pre-heater of the power cycle of the partner plant;
a heating medium of the heat exchanger is also fed directly into a CO 2 capture unit of the chemical synthesis plant; and
a pump which supplies a condensed cold stream from the turbine of the power cycle of the partner plant, to a heat exchanger configured to exchange heat from the exothermic reaction of the chemical synthesis plant to the condensed cold stream to heat said condensed cold stream, the system returning the condensed cold stream as a preheated stream to a water pre-heater of the power cycle of the partner plant for final heating of working fluid in a steam or other working fluid generator of the power cycle of the partner plant.
9. The system for integration of claim 8 , wherein the condensed cold stream returned to the water pre-heater as a preheated stream is a low-quality working fluid stream and minimizes or reduces a need to use a higher-quality bleed stream, relative to the low-quality working fluid stream, from the turbine in the water pre-heater.
10. The system for integration of claim 8 , wherein the bleed stream is a medium pressure bleed stream.
11. The system for integration of claim 8 , wherein steam or another working fluid from the power cycle is used to provide heat to a stripper of a carbon capture unit and/or used to provide steam or heat to an H 2 generation unit.
12. The system for integration of claim 8 , wherein the reboiler is configured to obtain at least some heat, directly or indirectly, from the exothermic reaction conducted within a reactor of the chemical synthesis plant.
13. A chemical synthesis plant comprising:
first and second feed streams,
wherein the first feed stream contains water from which hydrogen is produced in an electrolysis unit, and the second feed stream comprises CO 2 ;
an electrolysis unit, which is configured to receive water from the first feed stream and generate hydrogen gas from the water;
a CO 2 capture unit, which is configured to receive CO 2 from the second feed stream;
at least one compressor, wherein the at least one compressor is configured to compress at least one of the hydrogen gas, the CO 2 , and/or a mixture of the hydrogen gas and the CO 2 ;
a plurality of heat exchangers, at least one heat exchanger being configured to receive a mixture of the hydrogen gas and the CO 2 from the at least one compressor;
a reactor, which is configured to receive a heated mixture of the hydrogen gas and the CO 2 from the heat exchanger and within which an exothermic reaction is conducted;
a catch pot, which is configured to receive a product stream from the reactor and a bypass portion of the heated mixture of the hydrogen gas and the CO 2 ;
a catch pot top fraction, which is configured to be recycled back into the at least one compressor that is configured to compress at least one of the hydrogen gas, the CO 2 , and/or a mixture of the hydrogen gas and the CO 2 ;
a distillation column, which is configured to receive a product stream from the reactor as a bottom fraction from the catch pot;
a condenser, which is configured to receive a top fraction from the distillation column;
a distillate stream which comprises a high purity liquid chemical, isolated from the distillation column;
a reboiler, which is configured to receive a bottom fraction from the distillation column, to return a heated bottom fraction from the distillation column to the distillation column, and wherein the reboiler obtains at least some heat, directly or indirectly, from the exothermic reaction conducted in the reactor; and
a source of steam or other heating medium which is configured to provide heat to the reboiler in order to complete heating a fluid used to re-boil the bottom fraction from the distillation column in the reboiler when the heat obtained by the reboiler from the exothermic reaction conducted in the reactor is not sufficient.
14. The chemical synthesis plant of claim 13 , wherein the exothermic reaction conducted in the reactor is a methanol synthesis reaction.
15. The chemical synthesis plant of claim 13 , wherein the source of steam or other heating medium comes from an electric steam generator.
16. The chemical synthesis plant of claim 13 , further comprising a reflux stream, which is a portion of the top fraction from the distillation column that is configured to be recycled back into the distillation column after leaving the condenser.
17. The chemical synthesis plant of claim 13 , wherein the chemical synthesis plant is a an emissions to liquid (ETL) plant.