Energy storage and delivery system and method
An energy storage and delivery system includes an elevator cage assembly operable to move blocks from a lower elevation to a higher elevation of a frame to store energy and operable to move blocks from the higher elevation to the lower elevation of the frame (e.g., by gravity) to generate electricity. The elevator cage assembly is operable to center the block relative to an elevator cage of the elevator cage assembly. The system includes a trolley on top of the frame that is operatively coupled to the elevator cage assembly by one or more cables. The trolley is operable to move to an extended position to lift the elevator cage assembly to lift a block off a row and to move to a compact position to lower the elevator cage assembly to lower a block onto a row.
1 . An energy storage and delivery system, comprising:
a plurality of blocks;
a frame having a vertical height above a foundation defined by a plurality of rows that extend horizontally, the frame including an elevator shaft;
an elevator cage assembly movable along the elevator shaft and operatively coupled to an electric motor-generator, the elevator cage assembly sized to hold and support a block therein while moving along the elevator shaft, the elevator cage assembly comprising an elevator cage movably coupled to a base via a sliding mechanism, the sliding mechanism comprising a linear actuator selectively actuatable to laterally displace the elevator cage relative to the base of the elevator cage assembly;
a trolley movably coupled to a top of the frame and comprising
a trolley base,
a trolley frame pivotally coupled to the trolley base,
a front roller coupled to a front portion of the trolley base,
a rear roller coupled to a rear portion of the trolley frame, and
a piston-cylinder assembly actuatable to move the trolley frame relative to the trolley base between a compact position of the trolley where the trolley frame is adjacent the trolley base so that the rear roller is at a first vertical position and an extended position of the trolley where a rear portion of the trolley frame is spaced from the trolley base so that the rear roller is at a second vertical position; and
a ribbon that couples to the elevator cage assembly, extends over the front roller and the rear roller of the trolley and extends to the electric motor-generator,
wherein actuation of the piston-cylinder assembly to move the trolley to the extended position lifts the block with the elevator cage assembly by an amount greater than an elongation of the ribbon, and wherein actuation of the piston-cylinder assembly to move the trolley to the compact position lowers the block and releases the elongation of the ribbon.
2 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising a hydraulic accumulator in fluid communication with the piston-cylinder assembly, wherein actuation of the piston-cylinder assembly to move the trolley to the compact position charges the hydraulic accumulator.
3 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising a lever arm connected to the trolley base and to the trolley frame and actuatable by a piston of the piston-cylinder assembly to move between a collapsed configuration when the trolley is in the compact position and an extended configuration when the trolley is in the extended position.
4 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the elevator cage assembly further comprises a support frame movably coupled to a bottom support of the elevator cage and a plurality of pistons coupled between the support frame and the bottom support of the elevator cage, one or more of the plurality of pistons being selective actuatable to laterally move the support frame and/or to rotate the support frame relative to the elevator cage to adjust an orientation of a block supported by the support frame to center the block relative to the elevator cage.
5 . The system of claim 4 , further comprising one or more cameras mounted on the elevator cage and configured to visualize an orientation of a block carried by the elevator cage, the one or more cameras configured to communicate information associated with the orientation of the block to a controller, the controller configured to selectively actuate one or more of the plurality of pistons to move the support frame relative to the bottom support of the elevator cage to center the block relative to the elevator cage.
6 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the elevator cage comprises a top support coupleable to the ribbon, a rear support attached to the top support, and a bottom support attached to the rear support.
7 . The system of claim 6 , wherein the elevator cage has a C shaped side profile.
8 . The system of claim 6 , wherein the elevator cage comprises one or more support members coupled to the bottom support configured to support a block thereon.
9 . The system of claim 8 , wherein the one or more supports members are fixed at a set height.
10 . The system of claim 1 , wherein actuation of the piston-cylinder assembly to move the trolley to the extended position elongates the ribbon by 1% of a total length of the ribbon.
11 . The system of claim 1 , wherein actuation of the piston-cylinder assembly to move the trolley from the compact position to the extended position is configured to lift the elevator cage so that the elevator cage moves upward toward the block to move the block off a row of the plurality of rows.
12 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the actuation of the piston-cylinder assembly to move the trolley from the extended position to the compact position is configured to provide an elastic recovery system to recover a portion energy expended by elongating the ribbon.
13 . A trolley for an energy storage and delivery system to move blocks with an elevator cage between floors of a tower, comprising:
a base;
a frame pivotally coupled to the base;
a front roller coupled to a front portion of the base;
a rear roller coupled to a rear portion of the frame, the front roller and the rear roller configured to receive thereover a ribbon configured to couple to the elevator cage; and
a piston-cylinder assembly actuatable to move the frame relative to the base between a compact position of the trolley where the frame is adjacent the base so that the rear roller is at a first vertical position and an extended position of the trolley where a rear portion of the frame is spaced from the base so that the rear roller is at a second vertical position,
wherein actuation of the piston-cylinder assembly to move the trolley to the extended position is configured to lift the block with the elevator cage by an amount greater than an elongation of the ribbon, and wherein actuation of the piston-cylinder assembly to move the trolley to the compact position is configured to lower the block and to release the elongation of the ribbon.
14 . The trolley of claim 13 , further comprising a hydraulic accumulator in fluid communication with the piston-cylinder assembly, wherein actuation of the piston-cylinder assembly to move the trolley to the compact position charges the hydraulic accumulator.
15 . The trolley of claim 13 , further comprising a lever arm connected to the base and to the frame and actuatable by a piston of the piston-cylinder assembly to move between a collapsed configuration with the trolley is in the compact position and an extended configuration when the trolley is in the extended position.
16 . The system of claim 13 , wherein actuation of the piston-cylinder assembly to move the trolley from the compact position to the extended position is configured to lift the elevator cage so that the elevator cage moves upward toward the block to move the block off a row of the frame.
17 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the actuation of the piston-cylinder assembly to move the trolley from the extended position to the compact position is configured to provide an elastic recovery system to recover a portion energy expended by elongating the ribbon.
18 . A method for storing and generating electricity, comprising:
operating a pair of elevator cage assemblies on opposite ends of a plurality of rows of a frame to move a plurality of blocks between a first set of rows in an upper section of the frame and a corresponding second set of rows in a lower section of the frame disposed below an intermediate section of the frame that is free of the blocks,
wherein operating each of the pair of elevator cage assemblies includes
positioning the elevator cage assembly at or near a row,
moving an elevator cage of the elevator cage assembly laterally in a first direction relative to a base of the elevator cage assembly to position a bottom support of the elevator cage under a block on the row,
actuating a trolley movably coupled to a top of the frame and operatively coupled to the elevator cage assembly via one or more cables from a compact position to an extended position to lift the elevator cage assembly so that the bottom support of the elevator cage moves upward toward the block to move the block off the row,
moving the elevator cage laterally in a second direction opposite the first direction relative to the base of the elevator cage assembly to position the elevator cage over the base, and
moving the elevator cage assembly vertically along an associated elevator shaft, the elevator cage assemblies moving said blocks between each of the second set of rows and each of the corresponding first set of rows by an equal vertical distance.
19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein moving an elevator cage laterally in a first direction relative to a base of the elevator cage assembly to position a bottom support of the elevator cage under a block on the row comprises actuating a linear actuator of a sliding mechanism interposed between the base and the elevator cage of the elevator cage assembly to laterally move the elevator cage relative to the base.
20 . The method of claim 18 , further comprising centering the block relative to the elevator cage by moving a support frame of the elevator cage laterally and/or rotatably relative to the bottom support to adjust an orientation of the block supported by the support frame.