Wireless power transmission with channel redundancy
Systems, structures, packages, circuits, and methods provide wireless power and communication signal transmission systems with channel redundancy. Embodiments can be used in mechanical systems having rotating components. Two emission coils can have different topologies and can be used with three or four reception coils. The chosen topologies can be selected to ensure and/or facilitate minimal mutual inductance across topologies when the reception coils are rotated relative to the emission coils. To minimize mutual inductance between coils of different power transmission channels, twists can be added to the coil topologies to alter coil field polarity. Angle sensing can be achieved by determining efficiency of power transmission between the transmission and reception coils.
1 . A wireless power transmission system with channel redundancy, the system comprising:
transmission circuitry configured to provide power for first and second channels;
a first-channel transmitting coil disposed on a first substrate and having a circular shape with first and second ends separated by a gap, wherein the first-channel transmitting coil is configured to receive power from the transmission circuitry for the first channel;
a second-channel transmitting coil disposed on the first substrate and having a circular shape with first and second ends separated by a gap, wherein the second transmitting coil includes one or more twists, wherein for each twist one coil segment crosses over another coil segment, wherein the second-channel transmitting coil is configured to receive power from the transmission circuitry for the second channel;
a first-channel receiving coil disposed on a second substrate, having a circular shape with first and second ends adjacent to each other and separated by a gap, wherein the first-channel receiving coils is configured to receive transmitted power from the first-channel transmitting coil for the first channel, wherein the second substrate is spaced apart from the first substrate;
a pair of second-channel receiving coils disposed on the second substrate and configured to receive transmitted power from the second-channel transmitting coil for the second channel, wherein each of the second-channel receiving coils has a circular shape with first and second ends adjacent to each other and separated by a gap, and wherein each of the second receiving coils incudes at least one twist wherein one coil segment crosses over another coil segment; and
reception circuitry configured to receive power from the first-channel receiving coil and the pair of second-channel receiving coils.
2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the transmission circuitry includes first and second integrated circuits (ICs) configured to provide power to the first-channel transmitting coil and the second-channel transmitting coil, respectively; and wherein the reception circuitry comprises third and fourth ICs configured to receive power from the first-channel receiving coil and the pair of second-channel receiving coils, respectively.
3 . The system of claim 2 , further comprising: a first capacitive data channel configured to relay data between the first IC and the third IC; and a second capacitive data channel configured to relay data between the second and fourth IC.
4 . The system of claim 3 , wherein the first and second capacitive data channels each comprise a first pair of ring electrodes disposed on the first substrate and a second pair of ring electrodes disposed on the second substrate facing one another.
5 . The system of claim 1 , wherein a summed number of twists in the coils for the first channel is an integer (Nt1) greater than or equal to zero; and wherein a summed number of twists for the coils of the second channel is an integer (Nt2) greater than or equal to one; and wherein Nt1 does not equal Nt2.
6 . The system of claim 3 , wherein the number of twists of the second channel is in accordance with:
Nt 2=2( Nt 1+1)−1.
7 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the first-channel transmitting coil and the second-channel transmitting coil each comprise a respective plurality of loops.
8 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the twists of the pair of second-channel receiving coils are positioned orthogonal to each other.
9 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the transmission circuitry and reception circuitry are configured to transmit data between the first-channel and second-channel transmitting coils and the first-channel and second-channel receiving coils.
10 . The system of claim 9 , wherein the transmission circuitry is configured to transmit data by modulating loading on one or more of the reception coils.
11 . The system of claim 9 , wherein the transmission circuitry and reception circuitry are configured to transmit data using a spread spectrum technique.
12 . The system of claim 2 , wherein the first and second ICs are configured for rotation about a common axis with respect to each other.
13 . The system of claim 12 , further comprising a steering column having first and second rotatable members connected by a torsion bar, and at least one sensor configured to detect rotation of the first and second rotatable members with respect to each other.
14 . The system of claim 13 , wherein the transmission circuitry and/or the reception circuitry is configured to calculate an angle of rotation between the first and second substrates based on power transfer efficiency between the coils of the first channel and/or the coils of the second channel.
15 . The system of claim 14 , wherein calculation of the rotation angle includes calculating a torque applied to the steering column based on the angle of rotation between the first and second substrates.
16 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the pair of second-channel receiving coils are configured to combine received power of each coil of the pair.
17 . A method of making a wireless power transmission system with channel redundancy, the method comprising:
providing transmission circuitry configured to provide power pulses for first and second channels;
providing a first-channel transmitting coil disposed on a first substrate and having a circular shape with first and second ends adjacent to each other separated by a gap, wherein the first-channel transmitting coil is configured to receive the power pulses from the transmission circuitry for the first channel;
providing a second-channel transmitting coil disposed on the first substrate and having a circular shape with first and second ends adjacent to each other and separated by a gap, wherein the second transmitting coil includes one or more twists, wherein for each twist one coil segment crosses over another coil segment, wherein the second-channel transmitting coil is configured to receive the power pulses from the transmission circuitry for the second channel;
providing a first-channel receiving coil disposed on a second substrate, having a circular shape with first and second ends adjacent to each other and separated by a gap, wherein the first-channel receiving coils is configured to receive transmitted power from the first-channel transmitting coil for the first channel, wherein the second substrate is spaced apart from the first substrate;
providing a pair of second-channel receiving coils disposed on the second substrate and configured to receive transmitted power from the second-channel transmitting coil for the second channel, wherein each of the second-channel receiving coils has a circular shape with first and second ends adjacent to each other and separated by a gap, and wherein each of the second receiving coils incudes at least one twist wherein one coil segment crosses over another coil segment; and
providing reception circuitry configured to receive power from the first-channel receiving coil and the pair of second-channel receiving coils.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the transmission circuitry includes first and second integrated circuits (ICs) configured to provide power to the first-channel transmitting coil and the second-channel transmitting coil, respectively; and wherein the reception circuitry comprises third and fourth ICs configured to receive power from the first-channel receiving coil and the pair of second-channel receiving coils, respectively.
19 . The method of claim 18 , further comprising: a first capacitive data channel configured to relay data between the first IC and the third IC; and a second capacitive data channel configured to relay data between the second and fourth IC.
20 . The method of claim 19 , wherein the first and second capacitive data channels each comprise a first pair of ring electrodes disposed on the first substrate and a second pair of ring electrodes disposed on the second substrate facing one another.
21 . The method of claim 17 , wherein a summed number of twists in the coils for the first channel is an integer (Nt1) greater than or equal to zero; and wherein a summed number of twists for the coils of the second channel is an integer (Nt2) greater than or equal to one; and wherein Nt1 does not equal Nt2.
22 . The method of claim 19 , wherein the number of twists of the second channel is in accordance with:
N+ 2=2( Nt 1+1)−1.
23 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the first-channel transmitting coil and the second-channel transmitting coil each comprise a respective plurality of loops.
24 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the twists of the pair of second-channel receiving coils are positioned orthogonal to each other.
25 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the transmission circuitry and reception circuitry are configured to transmit data between the first-channel and second-channel transmitting coils and the first-channel and second-channel receiving coils.
26 . The method of claim 25 , wherein the transmission circuitry is configured to transmit data by modulating loading on one or more of the reception coils.
27 . The method of claim 25 , wherein the transmission circuitry and reception circuitry are configured to transmit data using a spread spectrum technique.
28 . The method of claim 18 , wherein the first and second ICs are configured for rotation about a common axis with respect to each other.
29 . The method of claim 28 , further comprising a steering column having first and second rotatable members connected by a torsion bar, and at least one sensor configured to detect rotation of the first and second rotatable members with respect to each other.
30 . The method of claim 29 , wherein the transmission circuitry and/or the reception circuitry is configured to calculate an angle of rotation between the first and second substrates based on power transfer efficiency between the coils of the first channel and/or the coils of the second channel.
31 . The method of claim 30 , wherein calculation of the angle of rotation includes calculating a torque applied to the steering column based on the angle of rotation between the first and second substrates.
32 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the pair of second-channel receiving coils are configured to combine received power of each coil of the pair.