High voltage level converter using low voltage devices
A circuit for converting an input signal at a first voltage level to an output signal at a second voltage level uses only thin oxide transistors. The circuit includes a first unit operating at a first power supply voltage and receiving the input signal, a second unit operating at a second power supply voltage, and a third unit coupling the first unit to the second unit. The third unit enables generation of the output signal. Use of an extra fabrication mask for thick oxide transistors is avoided by using only thin oxide transistors.
1. A circuit for converting an input signal at a first voltage level to an output signal at a second voltage level, the circuit comprising:
a first unit operating at a first power supply voltage, the first unit receiving the input signal, wherein the first unit includes,
a first NMOS transistor having a gate connected to the input signal, a source connected to a reference voltage, and a drain;
a second NMOS transistor having a source connected to the reference voltage and a drain; and
an inverter having an input connected to the input signal and an output connected to a gate of the second NMOS transistor;
a second unit operating at a second power supply voltage, wherein the second unit includes,
a first PMOS transistor having a source connected to the second power supply voltage; and
a second PMOS transistor having a gate connected to a drain of the first PMOS transistor, a drain connected to a gate of the first PMOS transistor and a source connected to the second power supply voltage; and
a third unit coupling the first unit to the second unit, the third unit enabling generation of the output signal, wherein the third unit includes,
a third NMOS transistor having a source connected to the first unit and a gate connected to the first power supply voltage;
a fourth NMOS transistor having a source connected to the first unit and a gate connected to the first power supply voltage;
a third PMOS transistor having a gate connected to the first power supply voltage, a source connected to the second unit and a drain connected to a drain of the third NMOS transistor;
a fourth PMOS transistor having a gate connected to the first power supply voltage, a source connected to the second unit and a drain connected to a drain of the fourth NMOS transistor, wherein the output signal is generated at the drains of the third and fourth NMOS transistors;
a fifth PMOS transistor having a source connected to the first power supply voltage, a drain connected to the source of the third PMOS transistor, a bulk connected to its drain, and a gate connected to the drain of the third NMOS transistor; and
a sixth PMOS transistor having a source connected to the first power supply voltage, a drain connected to the source of the fourth PMOS transistor, a bulk connected to its drain, and a gate connected to the drain of the fourth NMOS transistor; and
wherein each of the first, second and third units consists essentially of thin oxide transistors.
2. The voltage level converting circuit of claim 1 , wherein a bulk of the third PMOS transistor is connected to the second power supply voltage, a bulk of the fourth PMOS transistor is connected to the second power supply, a bulk of the third NMOS transistor is connected to the reference voltage, and a bulk of the fourth NMOS transistor is connected to the reference voltage.
3. The voltage level converting circuit of claim 1 , wherein a bulk of the third PMOS transistor is connected to its source, a bulk of the fourth PMOS transistor is connected to its source, a bulk of the third NMOS transistor is connected to its source, and a bulk of the fourth NMOS transistor is connected to its source.
4. The voltage level converting circuit of claim 1 , wherein the first unit further comprises:
a seventh PMOS transistor having a gate connected to the gate of the first NMOS transistor, a source connected to the first power supply voltage, and a drain connected to the drain of the first NMOS transistor; and
an eighth PMOS transistors having a gate connected to a gate of the second NMOS transistor, a source connected to the first power supply voltage, and a drain connected to a drain of the second NMOS transistor.
5. The voltage level converting circuit of claim 1 , herein the inverter is connected to the first power supply voltage and the reference voltage.
6. A circuit for converting an input signal at a first voltage level to an output signal at a second voltage level, the circuit comprising:
a first unit operating at a first power supply voltage, the first unit comprising:
a first NMOS transistor having a gate connected to the input signal, a source connected to a reference voltage, and a drain;
a second NMOS transistor having a source connected to the reference voltage and a drain; and
an inverter having an input connected to the input signal and the gate of the first NMOS transistor, and an output connected to a gate of the second NMOS transistor;
a second unit operating at a second power supply voltage, the second unit comprising:
a first PMOS transistor having a source connected to the second power supply voltage; and
a second PMOS transistor having a gate connected to a drain of the first PMOS transistor, a drain connected to a gate of the first PMOS transistor and a source connected to the second power supply voltage; and
a third unit coupling the first unit to the second unit, the third unit comprising:
a third NMOS transistor having a source connected to the drain of the first NMOS transistor and a gate connected to the first power supply voltage;
a fourth NMOS transistor having a source connected to the drain of the second NMOS transistor and a gate connected to the first power supply voltage;
a third PMOS transistor having a gate connected to the first power supply voltage, a source connected to the drain of the first PMOS transistor and a drain connected to a drain of the third NMOS transistor; and
a fourth PMOS transistor having a gate connected to the first power supply voltage, a source connected to the drain of the second PMOS transistor, and a drain connected to a drain of the fourth NMOS transistor, wherein the output signal is generated at the drain of the fourth NMOS transistor;
a fifth PMOS transistor having a source connected to the first power supply voltage, a drain connected to the source of the third PMOS transistor, a bulk connected to its drain, and a gate connected to the drain of the third PMOS transistor; and
a sixth PMOS transistor having a source connected to the first power supply voltage, a drain connected to the source of the fourth PMOS transistor, a bulk connected to its drain, and a gate connected to the output signal; and
wherein each of the first, second and third units consists essentially of thin oxide transistors.
7. The voltage level converting circuit of claim 6 , wherein a bulk of the third PMOS transistor is connected to the second power supply voltage, a bulk of the fourth PMOS transistor is connected to the second power supply, a bulk of the third NMOS transistor is connected to the reference voltage, and a bulk of the fourth NMOS transistor is connected to the reference voltage.
8. The voltage level converting circuit of claim 6 , wherein a bulk of the third PMOS transistor is connected to its source, a bulk of the fourth PMOS transistor is connected to its source, a bulk of the third NMOS transistor is connected to its source, and a bulk of the fourth NMOS transistor is connected to its source.
9. The voltage level converting circuit of claim 6 , wherein the first unit further comprises:
a seventh PMOS transistor having a gate connected to the gate of the first NMOS transistor, a source connected to the first power supply voltage, and a drain connected to the drain of the first NMOS transistor; and
an eighth PMOS transistors having a gate connected to a gate of the second NMOS transistor, a source connected to the first power supply voltage, and a drain connected to a drain of the second NMOS transistor.
10. The voltage level converting circuit of claim 6 , wherein the inverter is connected to the first power supply voltage and the reference voltage.