Method and apparatus for fabricating a circuit board with a three dimensional surface mounted array of semiconductor chips
A method and apparatus for fabricating a three dimensional array of semiconductor chips is disclosed. The method uses a multiple step fabrication process that automates the surface mounting of semiconductor chips with unique chip carriers to achieve the three dimensional array of chips. The method can include the steps of depositing solder on one or more chip modules, placing and interconnecting low-cost components on the chip modules, and storing the preprocessed chip modules in pallets or in a tape and reel. Later these chip carriers may then be mounted on a circuit board, possibly over; for example, low and/or high cost components and then populated with low and/or high cost components. The apparatus includes a unique stackable chip module pallet and print fixture pedestal.
1. A system for populating circuit boards with a three dimensional array of semiconductor chips comprising:
one or more chip carriers attachable to a circuit board comprising:
a top surface;
a bottom surface;
space for one or more components to be positioned directly on said circuit board beneath said chip carrier; and
space for positioning one or more components on the top surface of said chip carrier; and
a pallet comprising one or more chambers for holding and moving said chip carriers during a circuit board assembly process, each chamber comprising a top surface;
wherein said chip carriers are placed in said pallet with the bottom surface of said chip carrier placed on the top surface of said chamber.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein said chip carriers further comprise connections selected from the group consisting of gull wing leads, single row BGA, and double row of BGA.
3. The system of claim 1 wherein said chip carriers comprise:
two struts with vias extending from the top surface to the bottom of the strut;
a pattern of connection pads on its top surface that are interconnected to said vias; and
one or more BGAs on the bottom of said struts.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein said chamber further comprises an opening at the top and bottom side of said pallet.
5. The system of claim 1 wherein said pallet further comprises a bottom side protective cavity that protects a chip carrier in a recessed position when a chip carrier is positioned at a chamber and two pallets are stacked one upon the other.
6. The system of claim 5 wherein said bottom side protective cavity further comprises a plurality of protrusions around the outside bottom periphery of said chambers.
7. The system of claim 6 wherein when two pallets are stacked one upon another the top surface of said chip carriers are above the bottom of said protrusions on the bottom of said pallet causing a protective cavity for said chip carrier.
8. The system of claim 1 wherein said chambers comprise openings on the top surface thereof; and wherein the length of the openings in said chambers are less than the length of a chip carrier.
9. The system of claim 1 wherein said chip carriers comprise tooling holes and said chambers comprise tooling pins; and wherein said bottom side protrusions are positioned such that when a chip carrier is on said chamber tooling pins, the top surface of said carrier is above the bottom of said protrusions of the pallet above and thereby protected by said protrusions from unintended alteration.
10. The system of claim 1 further comprising a print fixture pedestal comprising a planar surface with at least one aperture positioned to fit beneath said chambers in said pallet, wherein said print fixture pedestal abuts to the bottom of said chamber.
11. The system of claim 10 wherein the pedestal securely holds said chip carriers with a vacuum when said aperture is positioned beneath said pallet.
12. The system of claim 1 wherein said pallet further comprises a plurality of chambers arranged in a two dimensional matrix.
13. The system of claim 12 wherein said print fixture pedestal further comprises a planar matrix array of openings positioned such that each open portion corresponds to a column of chambers in said two dimensional matrix of chambers so that when said print fixture pedestal is positioned under said pallet each opening aligns with the bottom opening of an adjacent column of chambers.
14. The system of claim 1 wherein said chambers are open on the bottom side of said pallet.