Etch process for reducing silicon recess
A method for selectively etching a substrate is described. The method includes disposing a substrate comprising a silicon nitride (SiN y ) layer overlying silicon in a plasma etching system, and transferring a pattern to the silicon nitride layer using a plasma etch process, wherein the plasma etch process utilizes a process composition having as incipient ingredients a process gas containing C, H and F, and an additive gas including CO 2 . The method further includes: selecting an amount of the additive gas in the plasma etch process to achieve: (1) a silicon recess formed in the silicon having a depth less than 10 nanometers (nm), and (2) a sidewall profile in the pattern having an angular deviation from 90 degrees less than 2 degrees.
1. A method for selectively etching a substrate, comprising:
disposing a substrate comprising a silicon nitride (SiN y ) layer overlying silicon in a plasma etching system;
transferring a pattern to said silicon nitride layer using a plasma etch process, wherein said plasma etch process utilizes a process gas composition having as incipient ingredients a process gas containing C, H and F, and an additive gas including CO 2 ; and
selecting an amount of said additive gas in said plasma etch process to achieve: (1) a silicon recess formed in said silicon having a depth less than 10 nanometers (nm), and (2) a sidewall profile in said pattern having an angular deviation from 90 degrees less than 2 degrees.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
extending said plasma etch process by an over-etch period of time to uniformly transfer said pattern to said silicon nitride layer on said substrate.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said process gas containing C, H and F comprises CHF 3 , CH 3 F, or CH 2 F 2 , or any combination of two or more thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said process gas containing C, H and F consists of CHF 3 .
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said process gas composition further comprises a noble gas.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said process gas composition further comprises an oxygen containing gas, said oxygen containing gas comprises oxygen (O 2 ), CO, NO, N 2 O, or NO 2 , or any combination thereof.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said process gas composition consists of CHF 3 , CO 2 , and Ar.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said silicon recess is less than 8 nm.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein said angular deviation is less than 1 degree.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said plasma etch process includes setting a pressure in said plasma etching system ranging from 30 mTorr to 60 mTorr.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein a flow rate of said process gas containing C, H and F ranges from about 10 sccm to about 50 sccm.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein a flow rate of said additive gas ranges from about 1 sccm to about 10 sccm.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein said plasma etch process includes coupling first radio frequency (RF) power at a first frequency to a substrate holder upon which said substrate rests in said plasma etching system, and coupling second radio frequency (RF) power at a second frequency to an upper electrode opposing said substrate on said substrate holder.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein said first radio frequency (RF) power ranges up to 500 W, and said second radio frequency (RF) power ranges up to 500 W.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein a ratio between a flow rate of said additive gas and a flow rate of said process gas containing C, H and F ranges from 5% to 25%.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein a ratio between a flow rate of said additive gas and a flow rate of said process gas containing C, H and F ranges from 15% to 20%.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein said process gas containing C, H and F consists of CHF 3 , and wherein a ratio between a flow rate of said CO 2 and a flow rate of said CHF 3 ranges from 15% to 20%.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein said substrate rest on a temperature controlled substrate holder in said plasma etching system, said temperature controlled substrate holder comprises:
a support base having fluid channels to circulate a temperature controlled thermal fluid in said support base; and
a substrate support coupled via a thermal insulator to an upper portion of said support base, said substrate support comprising:
one or more heating elements embedded within said substrate support,
an upper surface to support said substrate by contact between said upper surface and a backside of said substrate, and
an electrostatic clamp electrode to hold said substrate on said upper surface of said substrate support.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein said temperature controlled substrate holder further comprises:
a backside gas supply system configured to supply a heat transfer gas to the backside of said substrate through at least one of a plurality of orifices or channels disposed on said upper surface of said substrate support, wherein said plurality of orifices of said backside gas supply system are arranged in a plurality of zones on said upper surface of said substrate support to vary a backside pressure in a radial direction between a substantially central region of the backside of said substrate and a substantially edge region of the backside of said substrate.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein said silicon nitride layer is part of an insulation spacer for a transistor gate.