Hypereutectoid-head steel rail
A method of making a hypereutectoid, head-hardened steel rail is provided that includes a step of head hardening a steel rail having a composition containing 0.86-1.00 wt % carbon, 0.40-0.75 wt % manganese, 0.40-1.00 wt % silicon, 0.05-0.15 wt % vanadium, 0.015-0.030 wt % titanium, and sufficient nitrogen to react with the titanium to form titanium nitride. Head hardening is conducted at a cooling rate that, if plotted on a graph with xy-coordinates with the x-axis representing cooling time in seconds, and the y-axis representing temperature in Celsius of the surface of the head of the steel rail, is maintained in a region between an upper cooling rate boundary plot defined by an upper line connecting xy-coordinates (0 s, 775° C.), (20 s, 670° C.), and (110 s, 550° C.) and a lower cooling rate boundary plot defined by a lower line connecting xy-coordinates (0 s, 750° C.), (20 s, 610° C.), and (110 s, 500° C.).
1. A steel rail made from a steel rail composition, the steel rail comprising:
a hypereutectoid steel rail head having a Brinell hardness of at least 370 HB at a depth of 25 mm from a center surface point of the hypereutectoid steel rail head;
a foot; and
a web extending from the hypereutectoid steel head to the foot,
wherein the steel rail composition comprises 0.86-1.00 wt % carbon, 0.40-0.75 wt % manganese, 0.40-1.00 wt % silicon, 0.05-0.15 wt % vanadium, 0.015-0.030 wt % titanium, and sufficient nitrogen to react with the titanium to form titanium nitride.
2. The steel rail of claim 1 , wherein the web has a lesser width than the hypereutectoid steel rail head and the foot.
3. The steel rail of claim 1 , wherein the steel rail composition further comprises 0.20-0.30 wt % chromium.
4. The steel rail of claim 3 , wherein the nitrogen is present in the steel rail composition in an amount of 0.0050 to 0.0150 wt %.
5. The steel rail of claim 1 , wherein the hypereutectoid steel rail head has a fully pearlitic microstructure.
6. The steel rail of claim 1 , wherein the steel rail composition has 0.90-1.00 wt % carbon.
7. The steel rail of claim 6 , wherein the hypereutectoid steel rail head has a fully pearlitic microstructure.
8. The steel rail of claim 1 , the steel rail having been head hardened at a cooling rate that, if plotted on a graph with xy-coordinates with the x-axis representing cooling time in seconds and the y-axis representing temperature in Celsius of the surface of the head of the steel rail, is maintained in a region between an upper cooling rate boundary plot defined by an upper line connecting xy-coordinates (0 s, 775° C.), (20 s, 670° C.), and (110 s, 550° C.) and a lower cooling rate boundary plot defined by a lower line connecting xy-coordinates (0 s, 750° C.), (20 s, 610° C.), and (110 s, 500° C.).
9. A steel rail made from a steel rail composition, the steel rail comprising:
a hypereutectoid steel rail head having Brinell hardness values in a range of 370-410 HB throughout a depth range of 0-25 mm from every point on the vertical centerline of the running surface of the hypereutectoid steel rail head of the steel rail;
a foot; and
a web extending from the hypereutectoid steel head to the foot,
wherein the steel rail composition comprises 0.86-1.00 wt % carbon, 0.40-0.75 wt % manganese, 0.40-1.00 wt % silicon, 0.05-0.15 wt % vanadium, 0.015-0.030 wt % titanium, and sufficient nitrogen to react with the titanium to form titanium nitride.
10. The steel rail of claim 9 , wherein the web has a lesser width than the hypereutectoid steel rail head and the foot.
11. The steel rail of claim 9 , wherein the steel rail composition further comprises 0.20-0.30 wt % chromium.
12. The steel rail of claim 11 , wherein the nitrogen is present in the steel rail composition in an amount of 0.0050 to 0.0150 wt %.
13. The steel rail of claim 9 , wherein the hypereutectoid steel rail head has a fully pearlitic microstructure.
14. The steel rail of claim 9 , wherein the steel rail composition has 0.90-1.00 wt % carbon.
15. The steel rail of claim 14 , wherein the hypereutectoid steel rail head has a fully pearlitic microstructure.
16. The steel rail of claim 9 , the steel rail having been hardened at a cooling rate that, if plotted on a graph with xy-coordinates with the x-axis representing cooling time in seconds and the y-axis representing temperature in Celsius of the surface of the head of the steel rail, is maintained in a region between an upper cooling rate boundary plot defined by an upper line connecting xy-coordinates (0 s, 775° C.), (20 s, 670° C.), and (110 s, 550° C.) and a lower cooling rate boundary plot defined by a lower line connecting xy-coordinates (0 s, 750° C.), (20 s, 610° C.), and (110 s, 500° C.).
17. A steel rail made from a steel rail composition, the steel rail comprising:
a hypereutectoid steel rail head having a Brinell hardness of at least 370 HB at a depth of 25 mm from a center surface point of the head of the steel rail, and Brinell hardness values in a range of 370-410 HB throughout a depth range of 0-25 mm from every point on the vertical centerline of the running surface of the hypereutectoid steel rail head;
a foot; and
a web extending from the hypereutectoid steel head to the foot,
wherein the steel rail composition comprises 0.86-1.00 wt % carbon, 0.40-0.75 wt % manganese, 0.40-1.00 wt % silicon, 0.05-0.15wt % vanadium, 0.015-0.030 wt % titanium, and sufficient nitrogen to react with the titanium to form titanium nitride.
18. The steel rail of claim 17 , wherein the web has a lesser width than the hypereutectoid steel rail head and the foot.
19. The steel rail of claim 17 , wherein the steel rail composition further comprises 0.20-0.30 wt % chromium.
20. The steel rail of claim 19 , wherein the nitrogen is present in the steel rail composition in an amount of 0.0050 to 0.0150 wt %.
21. The steel rail of claim 17 , wherein the hypereutectoid steel rail head has a fully pearlitic microstructure.
22. The steel rail of claim 17 , wherein the steel rail composition has 0.90-1.00 wt % carbon.
23. The steel rail of claim 22 , wherein the hypereutectoid steel rail head has a fully pearlitic microstructure.
24. The steel rail of claim 17 , the steel rail having been hardened at a cooling rate that, if plotted on a graph with xy-coordinates with the x-axis representing cooling time in seconds and the y-axis representing temperature in Celsius of the surface of the head of the steel rail, is maintained in a region between an upper cooling rate boundary plot defined by an upper line connecting xy-coordinates (0 s, 775° C.), (20 s, 670° C.), and (110 s, 550° C.) and a lower cooling rate boundary plot defined by a lower line connecting xy-coordinates (0 s, 750° C.), (20 s, 610° C.), and (110 s, 500° C.).