Non-aqueous electrolytic solution and lithium battery
A non-aqueous electrolytic solution comprising a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte, which further contains a combination of a nitrile compound and an S═O group-containing compound (or a dinitrile compound) in an amount of 0.001 to 10 wt. % imparts improved cycle performance and storage property to a lithium battery, particularly a lithium secondary battery.
1. A non-aqueous electrolytic solution, comprising:
a non-aqueous solvent comprising from 30 to 50 volume percent of a cyclic carbonate, based on a total volume of the non-aqueous solvent;
from 0.5 to 1.5 M of at least one electrolyte selected from the group consisting of LiPF 6 and LiBF 4 ;
from 0.01 to 3% by weight of adiponitrile, based on a total weight of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution; and
from 0.2 to 3% by weight of at least one S═O group-containing compound selected from the group consisting of ethylenesulfite, 1,3-propanesultone, divinylsulfone, and propargyl methanesulfonate, based on a total weight of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution.
2. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution of claim 1 , wherein the cyclic carbonate comprises ethylene carbonate.
3. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte comprises LiPF 6 .
4. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution of claim 1 , wherein the S═O group-containing compound comprises 1,3-propanesultone.
5. A lithium secondary battery, comprising:
a positive electrode;
a negative electrode comprising a carbonaceous material of graphite crystal structure having a lattice distance of lattice surface (002) of 0.34 nanometer or less; and
the non-aqueous electrolytic solution of claim 1 .
6. The lithium secondary battery of claim 5 , wherein the positive electrode comprises a lithium element and a complex metal oxide comprising one metal element selected from the group consisting of cobalt, manganese, nickel, chromium, iron, and vanadium.
7. The lithium secondary battery of claim 6 , wherein the complex metal oxide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNiO 2 and LiCO 1-x Ni x O 2 (0.01<x<1).
8. A lithium secondary battery, comprising:
a positive electrode;
a negative electrode comprising a carbonaceous material of graphite crystal structure having a lattice distance of lattice surface (002) of 0.34 nanometer or less; and
the non-aqueous electrolytic solution of claim 2 .
9. The lithium secondary battery of claim 8 , wherein the positive electrode comprises a lithium element and a complex metal oxide comprising one metal element selected from the group consisting of cobalt, manganese, nickel, chromium, iron, and vanadium.
10. The lithium secondary battery of claim 9 , wherein the complex metal oxide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNiO 2 and LiCO 1-x Ni x O 2 (0.01<x<1).
11. A lithium secondary battery, comprising:
a positive electrode;
a negative electrode comprising a carbonaceous material of graphite crystal structure having a lattice distance of lattice surface (002) of 0.34 nanometer or less; and
the non-aqueous electrolytic solution of claim 3 .
12. The lithium secondary battery of claim 11 , wherein the positive electrode comprises a lithium element and a complex metal oxide comprising one metal element selected from the group consisting of cobalt, manganese, nickel, chromium, iron, and vanadium.
13. The lithium secondary battery of claim 12 , wherein the complex metal oxide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNiO 2 and LiCO 1-x Ni x O 2 (0.01<x<1).
14. A lithium secondary battery, comprising:
a positive electrode;
a negative electrode comprising a carbonaceous material of graphite crystal structure having a lattice distance of lattice surface (002) of 0.34 nanometer or less; and
the non-aqueous electrolytic solution of claim 4 .
15. The lithium secondary battery of claim 14 , wherein the positive electrode comprises a lithium element and a complex metal oxide comprising one metal element selected from the group consisting of cobalt, manganese, nickel, chromium, iron, and vanadium.
16. The lithium secondary battery of claim 15 , wherein the complex metal oxide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNiO 2 and LiCO 1-x Ni x O 2 (0.01<x<1).