Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein
A first electro-optic display comprises first and second substrates, and an adhesive layer and a layer of electro-optic material disposed between the first and second substrates, the adhesive layer comprising a mixture of a polymeric adhesive material and a hydroxyl containing polymer having a number average molecular weight not greater than about 5000. A second electro-optic display is similar to the first but has an adhesive layer comprising a thermally-activated cross-linking agent to reduce void growth when the display is subjected to temperature changes. A third electro-optic display, intended for writing with a stylus or similar instrument, is produced by forming a layer of an electro-optic material on an electrode; depositing a substantially solvent-free polymerizable liquid material over the electro-optic material; and polymerizing the polymerizable liquid material.
1. An electro-optic display comprising:
an electrode;
a layer of an electro-optic material containing encapsulated electrophoretic media disposed on the electrode;
a polymeric layer overlying the layer of electro-optic material, the polymeric layer comprising a substantially solvent-free optical adhesive; and
a color filter secured to the layer of electro-optic material by the polymeric layer,
wherein the electrophoretic media comprises a plurality of electrically charged particles disposed in a fluid and capable of moving through the fluid under the influence of an electric field, and
the encapsulation of the electrophoretic media is selected from the group consisting of a plurality of microcells sealed with a sealing layer,
a plurality of capsules, and
a plurality of discrete droplets of the electrophoretic media being surrounded by a continuous phase comprising a polymeric material.
2. An electro-optic display according to claim 1 wherein the thickness of the polymeric layer is from about 6 to about 250 μm.
3. An electro-optic display according to claim 2 wherein the thickness of the polymeric layer is from about 8 to about 50 μm.
4. A process for the preparation of an electro-optic display, the process comprising:
forming a layer of an electro-optic material containing encapsulated electrophoretic media on an electrode;
depositing a layer of a substantially solvent-free optical adhesive over the layer of electro-optic material;
placing an electrically-conductive layer over the layer of optical adhesive; and
exposing the optical adhesive to conditions effective to cause polymerization of the optical adhesive, thereby forming a polymeric layer overlying the layer of electro-optic material and securing the electrically-conductive layer to the layer of electro-optic material,
wherein the electrophoretic media comprises a plurality of electrically charged particles disposed in a fluid and capable of moving through the fluid under the influence of an electric field, and
the encapsulation of the electrophoretic media is selected from the group consisting of a plurality of microcells sealed with a sealing layer,
a plurality of capsules, and
a plurality of discrete droplets of the electrophoretic media being surrounded by a continuous phase comprising a polymeric material.
5. An electro-optic display comprising:
an electrode;
a layer of an electro-optic material containing encapsulated electrophoretic media disposed on the electrode;
a polymeric layer overlying the layer of electro-optic material, the polymeric layer comprising a substantially solvent-free optical adhesive; and
an electrically-conductive layer secured to the layer of electro-optic material by the polymeric layer,
wherein the electrophoretic media comprises a plurality of electrically charged particles disposed in a fluid and capable of moving through the fluid under the influence of an electric field, and
the encapsulation of the electrophoretic media is selected from the group consisting of a plurality of microcells scaled with a sealing layer,
a plurality of capsules, and
a plurality of discrete droplets of the electrophoretic media being surrounded by a continuous phase comprising a polymeric material.
6. A process for the preparation o an electro-optic display, the process comprising:
forming a layer of an electro-optic material containing encapsulated electrophoretic media on an electrode;
depositing a layer of a substantially solvent-free optical adhesive over the layer of electro-optic material;
placing a release sheet over the layer of optical adhesive;
exposing the optical adhesive to conditions effective to cause polymerization o the material, thereby forming a polymeric layer overlying the layer of electro-optic material; and
removing the release sheet from the polymeric layer,
wherein the electrophoretic media comprises a plurality of electrically charged particles disposed in a fluid and capable of moving through the fluid under the influence of an electric field, and
the encapsulation of the electrophoretic media is selected from the group consisting of a plurality of microcells scaled with a sealing layer,
a plurality of capsules, and
a plurality of discrete droplets of the electrophoretic media being surrounded by a continuous phase comprising a polymeric material.
7. An electro-optic display comprising:
a layer of solid electro-optic material capable of changing at least one optical characteristic upon application of an electric field thereto;
a backplane comprising at least one electrode arranged to apply an electric field to the layer of electro-optic material; and
an adhesive layer disposed between the layer of electro-optic material and the backplane and adhesively securing the layer of electro-optic material to the backplane, the adhesive layer comprising a mixture of a polymeric adhesive material and a hydroxyl containing polymer having a number average molecular weight not greater than about 5000.