Seamlessly embedded heart rate monitor
This is directed to an electronic device having an integrated sensor for detecting a user's cardiac activity and cardiac electrical signals. The electronic device can include a heart sensor having several leads for detecting a user's cardiac signals. The leads can be coupled to interior surfaces of the electronic device housing to hide the sensor from view, such that electrical signals generated by the user can be transmitted from the user's skin through the electronic device housing to the leads. In some embodiments, the leads can be coupled to pads placed on the exterior of the housing. The pads and housing can be finished to ensure that the pads are not visibly or haptically distinguishable on the device, thus improving the aesthetic qualities of the device. Using the detected signals, the electronic device can identify or authenticate the user and perform an operation based on the identity of the user. In some embodiments, the electronic device can determine the user's mood from the cardiac signals and provide data related to the user's mood.
1. An electronic device for detecting a user's cardiac signal, comprising:
an enclosure;
a heart sensor configured to detect the user's cardiac signal, the heart sensor comprising:
a first lead comprising a first pad that is embedded in a first portion of the enclosure, wherein an exterior surface of the enclosure comprises an exterior surface of the first portion, wherein the first pad is positioned underneath the exterior surface of the first portion, and wherein the first pad is configured to detect a first electrical signal of the user's cardiac signal via the user's skin's contact with the exterior surface of the first portion of the enclosure; and
a second lead comprising a second pad that is embedded in a second portion of the enclosure, wherein the second pad is configured to detect a second electrical signal of the user's cardiac signal via the user's skin's contact with at least one of the second pad and the second portion of the enclosure; and
a processor coupled to the heart sensor and configured to receive and process the detected cardiac signal, wherein the first lead further comprises a first connector coupled to the first pad and configured to provide the first electrical signal detected by the first pad to the processor, and wherein the second lead further comprises a second connector coupled to the second pad and configured to provide the second electrical signal detected by the second pad to the processor.
2. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the first portion and the second portion are located on opposite sides of the electronic device.
3. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the first portion is electrically isolated from the second portion.
4. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein:
the first portion is separated from the second portion by a third portion of the enclosure;
at least the third portion is constructed from a material having a first conductivity; and
the first conductivity is insufficient to transmit the first electrical signal from the first pad to the second pad via the third portion.
5. The electronic device of claim 4 , wherein:
the material having the first conductivity comprises one of aluminum and steel; and
the second pad is constructed from a silver based compound.
6. The electronic device of claim 4 , wherein:
the exterior surface of the enclosure further comprises an exterior surface of the second portion;
the second pad is configured to detect the second electrical signal of the user's cardiac signal via the user's contact with the exterior surface of the second portion;
the second pad is positioned from the exterior surface of the second portion by a thickness of the second portion;
at least the thickness of the second portion is constructed from material having a second conductivity; and
the second conductivity is defined such that the second electrical signal is not able to be transmitted through material having the second conductivity over a distance larger than the thickness of the second portion.
7. The electronic device of claim 6 , wherein the first pad and the second pad are positioned apart from one another at a distance larger than the thickness of the second portion by material having the second conductivity.
8. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein:
the enclosure further comprises at least one pocket underneath the exterior surface of the enclosure; and
at least one of the first pad and the second pad is placed within the at least one pocket.
9. The electronic device of claim 1 , further comprising:
a display, wherein the enclosure supports the display, and wherein at least a portion of the exterior surface of the enclosure forms at least a portion of an exterior surface of the electronic device behind the display; and
a third lead embedded with the display, wherein the third lead is configured to detect a third electrical signal of the user's cardiac signal via the user's contact with at least one of the third lead and the display.
10. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the second lead is configured to detect the second electrical signal of the user's cardiac signal via the user's contact with the second portion of the enclosure.
11. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the second lead is configured to detect the second electrical signal of the user's cardiac signal via the user's contact with the second lead.
12. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the first portion of the enclosure is a bezel.
13. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the second portion of the enclosure is a bezel.
14. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein an interior surface of the enclosure comprises an interior surface of the first portion, wherein the first pad is positioned on the interior surface of the first portion.
15. An electronic device for detecting a user's cardiac signal, comprising:
an enclosure;
a display screen exposed to the user through an opening in the enclosure;
a heart sensor configured to detect the user's cardiac signal, the heart sensor comprising:
a first lead embedded in a first portion of the enclosure of the electronic device, wherein the first lead is configured to detect a first electrical signal of the user's cardiac signal via the user's contact with at least one of the first lead and the first portion of the enclosure of the electronic device; and
a second lead embedded in the display screen of the electronic device, wherein the second lead is configured to detect a second electrical signal of the user's cardiac signal via the user's contact with at least one of the second lead and the display screen of the electronic device; and
a processor coupled to the heart sensor and configured to process the first and second electrical signals of the user's cardiac signal.
16. The electronic device of claim 15 , wherein the first lead is configured to detect the first electrical signal of the user's cardiac signal via the user's contact with the first lead.
17. The electronic device of claim 16 , wherein the second lead is configured to detect the second electrical signal of the user's cardiac signal via the user's contact with the second lead.
18. The electronic device of claim 16 , wherein the second lead is configured to detect the second electrical signal of the user's cardiac signal via the user's contact with the display screen.
19. The electronic device of claim 15 , wherein:
the first portion of the electronic device comprises a bezel of the enclosure;
the electronic device further comprises a non-conductive component positioned between the bezel and the display screen for electrically isolating the first lead from the second lead.
20. The electronic device of claim 15 , wherein the first lead is configured to detect the first electrical signal of the user's cardiac signal via the user's contact with the first portion of the enclosure.
21. The electronic device of claim 20 , wherein the second lead is configured to detect the second electrical signal of the user's cardiac signal via the user's contact with the second lead.
22. The electronic device of claim 20 , wherein the second lead is configured to detect the second electrical signal of the user's cardiac signal via the user's contact with the display screen.