Biofilm inhibiting compositions enhancing weight gain in livestock
A method of enhancing the growth of an animal, as well as treating or preventing antimicrobial infections is provided. The method includes causing the animal to ingest or absorb an effective amount of one or more Fe III complex compounds, including but not limited to Fe III complexes comprising ligands bound to the iron center such as amino acids or α-hydroxy acids. The compounds are also useful for inhibiting, reducing, or preventing biofilm formation or buildup on a surface; the treatment of, inhibition of growth of, and inhibition of colonization by, bacteria, both in biological and non-biological environments; disinfecting surfaces, potentiating the effects of antibiotics and other anti-microbial agents, and increasing the sensitivity of bacteria and other microorganisms, to anti-microbial agents are also provided.
1. A method for reducing microbial infection or colonization in a mammal or bird, the method comprising administering to the mammal or bird an effective amount of a dietary product, wherein the product comprises
one or more Fe III complex compounds of Formula I:
Fe(III)x(ligand)y Formula I
wherein
x is an integer value of 1-2,
y is an integer value of 1-3 and
each ligand present is independently a conjugate base of an α-hydroxy acid selected from citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, quinic acid, glycolic acid, isoleucic acid, valic acid, malic acid, and mandelic acid; or each ligand is a conjugate base of an amino acid independently selected from the group consisting of glycine, alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamine, glutamic acid, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and valine; and salts and/or hydrates thereof,
in an effective amount to reduce enteropathogen infection in the mammal or bird, wherein the compound is in a concentration ranging from 10 μM to 2 mM or 0.01 g/Kg of product to 20 g/Kg of product.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mammal or bird is infected with one or more microorganisms selected from the group consisting of Actinobacillus, Bordetalla, Campylobacter, Clostridium, Corynebacterium, Escherichia coli, Globicatella, Listeria, Mycobacterium, Salmonella, Staphylococcus , and Streptococcus.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the microbial infection is caused by a microorganism selected from the group consisting of a Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Shigella , Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA), Erythromycin-resistant Group A Streptococcus , Clindamycin-resistant Group B Streptococcus , Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), drug resistant tuberculosis, Extended spectrum Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL), multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter , Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, H. pylori, Streptococcus anginosus and Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC).
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mammal is an adult or juvenile and is selected from the group consisting of poultry, swine, cattle, sheep, camelids, rabbits, and aquatic animals.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the animal is selected from the group consisting of chickens, turkeys, and ducks.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the animal is a chicken selected from the group consisting of broiler chickens and egg-laying chickens.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the animal is swine.
8. The method of claim 4 , wherein the animal is a ruminant.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the product is administered to a human.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the product does not include an antibiotic.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more Fe III complex compounds is dispersed in the product.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the Fe III complex compound is ferric citrate, and optionally, wherein the concentration of the compound ranges from 0.1 g/kg to 5 g/kg of product.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein the amino acid independently selected from the group consisting of glycine, alanine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tyrosine, and valine.
14. The product of claim 4 , wherein the product is poultry feed and the concentration of the compound ranges from 0.01 g/kg to 0.2 g/kg of feed.
15. The method of claim 7 , wherein the product is swine feed comprising ferric citrate in a concentration ranging from 0.2 g/kg to 1 g/kg of feed.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the product is an animal feed and the amino acid is glycine or tyrosine.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the compound is between 10 μM and 500 μM.