Electric field control element for phonons
View Patent ↗Generally discussed herein are techniques for and systems and apparatuses configured to control phonons using an electric field. In one or more embodiments, an apparatus can include electrical contacts, two quantum dots embedded in a semiconductor such that when an electrical bias is applied to the electrical contacts, the electric field produced by the electrical bias is substantially parallel to an axis through the two quantum dots, and a phononic wave guide coupled to the semiconductor, the phononic wave guide configured to transport phonons therethrough.
1. A phonon transistor comprising:
electrical contacts on an electrically conductive medium;
first and second quantum dots embedded in the electrically conductive medium such that in the presence of an electric field provided by an electric potential on the electrical contacts, a state of the first quantum dot couples with a state of a combination of the second quantum dot and the electrically conductive medium; and
a phononic wave guide coupled to the electrically conductive medium, the phononic wave guide configured to transport phonons therethrough.
2. The phonon transistor of claim 1 , further comprising:
a lead configured to provide excitation energy to the electrically conductive medium, wherein the lead includes one of an optical lead, an electrical lead, and a phononic lead.
3. The phonon transistor of claim 2 , wherein the lead includes an optical fiber to provide laser energy to the electrically conductive medium.
4. The phonon transistor of claim 2 , wherein the lead includes an electrical wire to provide electrical energy to the electrically conductive medium.
5. The phonon transistor of claim 2 , wherein the lead includes a second phononic wave guide to provide phononic energy to the electrically conductive medium.
6. The phonon transistor of claim 1 , wherein the first quantum dot and the electrically conductive medium provide a continuum state, wherein the second quantum dot provides a discrete state, wherein the continuum state and the discrete state are coupled when the electric potential is applied to the electrical contacts.
7. The phonon transistor of claim 6 , wherein the electric potential provides a gating mechanism for the coupling such that when the electric potential includes a first electro potential the electric field inhibits the generation or transmission of phonons and when the electric potential includes a second electro potential different from the first electro potential, the electrical field promotes the generation or transmission of phonons.
8. The phonon transistor of claim 1 , wherein the electric field produced by the electric potential is substantially parallel to an axis through the two quantum dots.
9. The phonon transistor of claim 8 , wherein an electric field line of the electric field is coaxial with an axis through the two quantum dots.
10. The phonon transistor of claim 1 , wherein the phonon is localized in the quantum dots as a function of the electric field.
11. The phonon transistor of claim 7 , wherein the two quantum dots are spaced apart so as to create a polaron and an indirect exciton in the presence of the electric field.
12. The phonon transistor of claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive medium includes a semiconductor.
13. The phonon transistor of claim 12 , wherein the electrically conductive medium includes a semiconductor diode.
14. A phonon control system comprising:
a means for providing excitation energy;
an electrical power supply to provide an electric potential;
a phonon transistor coupled to the means for providing excitation energy and the electrical power supply, the phonon transistor comprising:
an electrically conductive medium;
first and second electrically conductive elements electrically coupled to the electrically conductive medium, the first and second electrically conductive elements configured to provide the electric potential to the electrically conductive medium when the electric potential is applied to the first and second conductive elements;
first and second quantum dots embedded in the electrically conductive medium such that in the presence of an electric field provided by the electric potential, a state of the first quantum dot couples with a state of a combination of the second quantum dot and the electrically conductive medium;
a lead element coupled to the means for providing excitation energy, the lead element configured to provide the excitation energy to the electrically conductive medium; and
a first phononic wave guide coupled to the electrically conductive medium, the first phononic wave guide configured to transport phonons generated within the electrically conductive medium.
15. The system of claim 14 , wherein the means for providing excitation energy includes a laser and wherein the lead element includes an optical fiber.
16. The system of claim 14 , wherein the means for providing excitation energy includes an electrical power supply and the lead element includes a wire.
17. The system of claim 14 , wherein the lead element includes a second phononic wave guide.
18. The system of claim 14 , wherein the electrically conductive medium includes a semiconductor diode.
19. The system of claim 14 , wherein the first quantum dot and the electrically conductive medium provide a continuum state, wherein the second quantum dot provides a discrete state, wherein the continuum state and the discrete state are coupled when the electric potential is applied to the electrical elements.
20. The system of claim 14 , wherein the electric potential provides a gating mechanism for the coupling such that when the electric potential includes a first electro potential the electric field inhibits the generation or transmission of phonons and when the electric potential includes a second electro potential different from the first electro potential, the electrical field promotes the generation or transmission of phonons.