Temperature controlled ion source
An ion source with improved temperature control is disclosed. A portion of the ion source is nestled within a recessed cavity in a heat sink, where the portion of the ion source and the recessed cavity are each shaped so that expansion of the ion source causes high pressure thermal contact with the heat sink. For example, the ion source may have a tapered cylindrical end, which fits within a recessed cavity in the heat sink. Thermal expansion of the ion source causes the tapered cylindrical end to press against the recessed cavity in the heat sink. By proper selection of the temperature of the heat sink, the temperature and flow of coolant fluid through the heat sink, and the size of the gap between the heat sink and the ion source, the temperature of the ion source can be controlled.
1. An apparatus for generating an ion beam, comprising:
an ion source comprising a plurality of chamber walls, wherein a tapered outward protrusion extends outward from one of the plurality of chamber walls;
a heat sink, having a recessed cavity, wherein the tapered outward protrusion is disposed in the recessed cavity; and
a set of shims disposed between the one of the plurality of chamber walls and the heat sink so as to set an initial gap between the tapered outward protrusion and the recessed cavity;
wherein a final temperature of the ion source is determined based on a temperature of the heat sink and a width of the initial gap.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the tapered outward protrusion and the recessed cavity are complementary shapes.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heat sink comprises channels, and the temperature of the heat sink is determined based on a temperature of coolant fluid flowing through the channels.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heat sink comprises channels, and the temperature of the heat sink is determined based on a flow rate of coolant fluid flowing through the channels.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the final temperature of the ion source is determined based on a thickness of the set of shims.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at the final temperature, there is high pressure thermal contact between the tapered outward protrusion and the heat sink.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a second set of shims, having a different thickness than the set of shims, wherein the initial gap is different when the second set of shims are disposed between the tapered outward protrusion and the recessed cavity, and the final temperature of the ion source is different than when the set of shims are used.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the second set of shims is thicker than the set of shims, and the final temperature of the ion source is greater than when the set of shims are used.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the tapered outward protrusion comprises a tapered cylinder.