Method of producing toner
A first aspect is a toner production method in which an organosilicon compound is condensed in a surfactant-containing aqueous medium with a specific surface tension, in which a resin particle is dispersed, to produce a toner having the condensate of the organosilicon compound on the surface of the resin particle, and a second aspect is a toner production method in which an organosilicon compound is condensed in an aqueous medium which has a surfactant and a specific metal salt and in which a resin particle is dispersed, to produce a toner having the condensate of the organosilicon compound on the surface of the resin particle.
1. A method of producing a toner comprising a toner particle, the toner particle containing:
a resin particle containing a binder resin, and
a condensate of an organosilicon compound on a surface of the resin particle,
the toner production method comprising:
a condensation step of condensing an organosilicon compound given by formula (1) below in a surfactant-containing aqueous medium, in which the resin particle is dispersed, to obtain the toner particle, wherein
a surface tension of the aqueous medium in the condensation step is at least 35.0 mN/m:
Ra (n) —Si—Rb (4-n) (1)
wherein, in formula (1), each Ra independently represents a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, or an alkoxy group; each Rb independently represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, or a methacryloxyalkyl group; and n represents an integer from 1 to 4.
2. The toner production method according to claim 1 , wherein the surface tension of the aqueous medium in the condensation step is not more than 60.0 mN/m.
3. The toner production method according to claim 1 , wherein n in formula (1) is an integer from 2 to 4.
4. The toner production method according to claim 1 , wherein pH of the aqueous medium in the condensation step is from 7.5 to 12.0.
5. The toner production method according to claim 1 , comprising a step of obtaining the resin particle by aggregating, in the aqueous medium, resin fine particles that contain the binder resin.
6. The toner production method according to claim 1 , wherein concentration of the surfactant in the aqueous medium in the condensation step is from 1.0×10 −4 mass % to 1.0×10 1 mass %.
7. The toner production method according to claim 1 , wherein, in formula (1), each Ra independently represents a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbons, and each Rb independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbons, an alkenyl group having 1 to 8 carbons, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbons, an acyl group having 1 to 8 carbons, or a methacryloxyalkyl group having an alkyl chain having 1 to 8 carbons.
8. A method of producing a toner comprising a toner particle, the toner particle containing:
a resin particle containing a binder resin, and
a condensate of an organosilicon compound on a surface of the resin particle,
the toner production method comprising:
a condensation step of condensing an organosilicon compound given by formula (1) below in a surfactant-containing aqueous medium, in which the resin particle is dispersed, to obtain the toner particle, wherein
the aqueous medium in the condensation step contains a metal salt containing an at least divalent metal ion, and the metal salt satisfies formula (2) below:
Ra (n) —Si—Rb (4-n) (1)
wherein, in formula (1), each Ra independently represents a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, or an alkoxy group; each Rb independently represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, or a methacryloxyalkyl group; and n represents an integer from 1 to 4; and
70.0≤ A×B (2)
wherein, in formula (2), A represents the valence of the metal ion present in the metal salt and B represents the content (mmol/L) of the metal ion in the aqueous medium.
9. The toner production method according to claim 8 , wherein the surface tension of the aqueous medium in the condensation step is not more than 60.0 mN/m.
10. The toner production method according to claim 8 , wherein n in formula (1) is an integer from 2 to 4.
11. The toner production method according to claim 8 , wherein pH of the aqueous medium in the condensation step is from 7.5 to 12.0.
12. The toner production method according to claim 8 , comprising a step of obtaining the resin particle by aggregating, in the aqueous medium, resin fine particles that contain the binder resin.
13. The toner production method according to claim 8 , wherein concentration of the surfactant in the aqueous medium in the condensation step is from 1.0×10 −4 mass % to 1.0×10 1 mass %.
14. The toner production method according to claim 8 , wherein, in formula (1), each Ra independently represents a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbons, and each Rb independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbons, an alkenyl group having 1 to 8 carbons, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbons, an acyl group having 1 to 8 carbons, or a methacryloxyalkyl group having an alkyl chain having 1 to 8 carbons.